Modelling Tracer Dispersion from Landfills

Several wind tunnel experiments of tracer dispersion from reduced-scale landfill models are presented in this paper. Different experimental set-ups, hot-wire anemometry, particle image velocimetry and tracer concentration measurements were used for the characterisation of flow and dispersion phenomena nearby the models. The main aim of these experiments is to build an extensive experimental data set useful for model validation purposes. To demonstrate the potentiality of the experimental data set, a validation exercise on several mathematical models was performed by means of a statistical technique. The experiments highlighted an increase in pollutant ground level concentrations immediately downwind from the landfill because of induced turbulence and mean flow deflection. This phenomenon turns out to be predominant for the dispersion process. Tests with a different set-up showed an important dependence of the dispersion phenomena from the landfill height and highlighted how complex orographic conditions downwind of the landfill do not affect significantly the dispersion behaviour. Validation exercises were useful for model calibration, improving code reliability, as well as evaluating performances. The Van Ulden model proved to give the most encouraging results.     

垃圾填埋场室内模拟试验注水量确定方法及其应用

针对填埋场室内模拟试验往往忽略降雨径流和初损的问题,提出运用SCS模型确定室内模拟试验日注水量的方法,并将计算结果应用于成都长安填埋场室内模拟试验中.结果表明,采用SCS模型计算所得的日入渗量进行注水的模拟柱渗滤液产量和水质变化能够更准确的模拟填埋场实际情况.     

Prediction of Leachate Level in Kimpo Metropolitan Landfill Site by Total Water Balance

Kimpo metropolitan landfill has received various kinds of wastessince January 1992. The leachate level was measured to be 10.3 m in May 1995 and the level increased to 12.2 m in August 1996. Therefore, to prove the reason for the increasing leachate level, we calibrated hydraulic conductivity of each waste andintermediate layer using the HELP (Hydrologic Evaluation ofLandfill Performance) model. The leachate generation data measured from February 1993 to October 1995 was used in the model calibration. As a result of a model calibration, we obtained anaverage infiltration ratio and used this in analysis of the total water balance to predict elevation of leachate level. Main causes of the elevation of the leachate level were the high water content of the waste and the degradation of the leachate-drainage system caused by the subsidence of a naturalbarrier layer.     

小型废电池填埋焚烧处置的健康风险分析

对废电池采取填埋、焚烧处置所引起的健康风险进行了分析，采用3种模型，分别研究了废电池随城市固体废物一起完全填埋处置，一起完全焚烧处置，一起部分填埋处置和部分焚烧处理时，可能引起的健康风险，由分析可知，镉镍电池焚烧过程将引起不可接受的致癌风险，填埋废电池也会引起重金属非致癌风险，提出在现阶段没有单独收集分类管理的条件下，对于小型废电池应采取填埋焚烧联合处置的办法，但应避免镉镍电池的焚烧，在建立了收集体系后，应该分类进行资源化和无害化管理。     

危险废物安全填埋场运行机制与收费标准

危险废物安全填埋场应探讨企业化经营模式。在单一处理模式、一体化经营模式和依托于大型企业模式中选择适宜的模式。填埋场建设资金筹集渠道中,由废物产生单位集资建设是可行办法。探讨了填埋场收费标准的计算方法,并给出计算公式。     

用磷酸铵镁沉淀法去除沈阳老虎冲垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮

叙述了磷酸铵镁沉淀法去除垃圾渗滤液中氨氮的基本原理,分析了MAP法对氨氮的去除效果,对比了不同的镁盐及不同的反应时间对氨氮的去除效率。结果表明,MAP法对氨氮的去除效率高,产物中重金属的含量低。同时,氧化镁比氯化镁具有更好的氨氮去除综合优势。     

城市垃圾渗滤液氨氮吹脱研究

本文从相平衡与气液传质速率两方面对城市垃圾渗滤液 NH+4-N吹脱工艺的主要影响因素进行了理论分析 ,并在 Φ75 0 mm填料塔中对渗滤液的 p H值、喷淋密度以及液气比进行了实验研究 ,获得了适宜的操作条件。     

垃圾渗滤液的混疑处理实验研究

用聚合氯化铝(PAC)．聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)．复合混凝剂(90％PAC 10％PAM)及试剂A(一种壳聚糖)等4种混凝剂在不同pH及不同投加量的情况下．对垃圾渗滤液COD的去除效果进行了比较分析。实验结果表明。复合混凝剂及试剂A的处理效果明显优于PACPAM。在pH值5.5和8时。复合混凝剂投加量为400mg／L时。COD的去除率分别为38．63％和37．84％：试剂A在pH为8．投加量为100mg／L时。对COD的去除率达到39．85％。     

浅析垃圾渗滤液末端处理技术

从垃圾渗滤液的末端处理技术,即预处理、生物处理、后续处理三个方面分析了垃圾渗滤液的单独处理技术,并对渗滤液的回灌技术进行了论述。     

一个填埋场的气体排放控制系统的建立及其从中得到的几点启示

介绍位于纽约州北汉姆斯特城的ＰｏｒｔＷａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ城市固体废弃物填埋场填埋气体的排放、监测和处理系统及其有关测试数据和从中得到的启示．