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伴随某油田的滚动开发逐步深入,开发区域不断扩大,涉及的环境风险随之增加,参考《企业突发环境事件风险评估指南(试行)》的方法评估了油田的环境风险。针对该《指南》在油田环境风险评估中的无法满足当前油田环保"单元网格化"管理的要求,利用环境风险事故后果预测优化修正评估分级,总结出符合该油田环境风险等级划分优化原则,升级管理涉及E1和E2类环境风险受体的评估单元,并提出适用该油田环境风险的管理措施,制定相应管理办法以及重大、较大、一般环境风险的三级防控措施,形成一套符合该油田开发的环境风险管理体系。 相似文献
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油田开发过程中,原油含水会持续上升并不断加剧,部分油区甚至由于含水超高导致油井停产。在不断重视环保的今天,油田开发过程中的污水问题越来越突出,已等同于原油开采。如果对油田污水进行商品化经营,不仅可以获得可观的环境效益,而且有可观的经济效益和巨大的社会效益。一、油田开发中的污水问题以辽河油田为例,日产含油污水14.3万吨,占油田日产液量的77.2%,大约每生产1吨原油就要产出3.4吨污水。随着油田长期开采,含水率还将不断上升,平均每年增加2%以上,预计到2005年辽河油田的日产污水总量将突破16万吨。胜利油田开发最早的胜利采油厂,日产污水13.2万吨以上,油田综合含水已达94%以上,且有逐年增长的趋势。可见污水对环境的压力,已经成为油田环境保护工作的重点。目前,油田污水主 相似文献
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遥感技术在油田开发建设项目景观生态评价中的应用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
在油田开发建设项目的环境影响评价中,使用遥感技术,将卫星遥感影像数据进行分类处理,结合传统生态学中计算植被优势度值的方法,对油田开发过程中的景观生态进行了评价,取得了较好的效果。简要介绍了该技术的功能特点及应用实例。应用结果表明:遥感技术是对油田开发建设项目景观进行生态评价的重要手段,可以取得真实、可信的评价结果。 相似文献
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Rapid vegetation regeneration in a seriously degraded Rhanterium epapposum community in northern Kuwait after 4 years of protection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A study was carried out in northern Kuwait to investigate vegetation recovery in sandy depressions in the Sabriya oilfield ('Sabriya-IN'), 4 years after it was completely protected from livestock grazing and other anthropogenic activities which have largely depleted the dwarf shrub vegetation. This vegetation was compared with that in seriously overgrazed depressions outside the oilfield ('Sabriya-OUT'), where negative influences persist, and with a sandy site in central Kuwait which has been protected for over 20 years ('Sulaibiya'). There has been a striking recovery of the dwarf shrub vegetation in Sabriya-IN during the 4 years, with cover values of shrubs as high as at Sulaibiya. Rhanterium epapposum has been the main species to benefit from protection. However, the shrubs have not regenerated from seed, but rather from underground stumps that have probably remained in the soil for decades. Cover values of the annual flora at Sabriya-IN were very similar to those at Sulaibiya, and they were significantly higher than at Sabriya-OUT. However, it appears that some species may have disappeared or become extremely rare at Sabriya-IN when compared with Sulaibiya, as Sabriya-IN and Sabriya-OUT are remarkably similar floristically. Despite the impressive regeneration of the dwarf shrub vegetation at Sabriya-IN, which contradicts the view that vegetation recovery is a slow process in desert ecosystems, it is important to consider what the natural vegetation was in this part of the world. It is suggested that the region was once dominated by an open Acacia woodland, in which perennial grasses comprised most of the ground layer, and that the current dwarf shrub vegetation is a response to decades, if not centuries, of moderate to heavy grazing. 相似文献
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利用土地处理系统进行油田生活污水的净化及应用技术,目前在国内尚未推广使用。结合塔里木油田克拉作业区的实际情况,从废水的资源化、生态建设意义和减缓风蚀等角度出发,阐明了人工湿地建设在干旱区的重要作用;从土壤和地下水环境质量及其变化趋势的角度,分析了利用人工湿地处理生活废水的可行性;并对其进行了相应的效益分析。经分析论证,人工湿地可以用于克拉作业区生活污水的深度处理,并在干旱荒漠区进行推广。 相似文献
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