餐饮业油烟污染及治理技术浅议

餐饮业油烟污染空气，影响人体健康，应引起高度重视，治理技术设备主要有静电法，过滤法和洗涤法等方法，各种设备各有其优点和缺点，要不断创新完善，尽快使餐饮业油烟达标排放。     

实用高效的油烟净化技术及设备

随着餐饮业的快速发展 ,油烟的污染日益严重。探讨分析了目前油烟污染的净化处理现状 ,论述了新型高效的油烟净化技术机理 ,从而开发研制出经济实用的油烟净化设备 ,为我国控制油烟污染开辟了新途径     

餐饮业油烟净化设备探讨

餐饮业油烟污染一直以来是严重困扰城市居民生活的问题。特别是近年来随着经济的发展,城市内高楼耸立,原先在平房内开设的饮食业由于旧城改造不得不迁移至高层建筑底层,油烟影响面也扩大至整幢（甚至包括周围的）居民楼。经统计,以杭州为例,因餐饮业抽烟问题的投诉已占所有环保投诉的30％以上。选择合理有效的净化设备对餐饮业油烟进行治理,以消除对周围居民的影响,已成为环保工作的一项迫在眉睫的大事。1现有的油烟净化设备种类及其性质评述根据1998年国家环境保护局与国家技术监督局联合发布《中华人民共和国饮食业油烟排放标准》…     

实用高效的油烟净化技术及设备

随着餐饮业的快速发展，油烟的污染日益严重。探讨分析了目前油烟污染的净化处理现状，论述了新型高效的油烟净化技术机理，从而开发研制出经济实用的油烟净化设备，为我国控制油烟污染开辟了新途径。     

区县环保局对城市餐饮油烟的监测与管理

讨论了南京市下关地区餐饮业油烟污染的类型及特点，介绍了油烟净化设备的现状，并根据实践经验，提出了监测与管理的若干措施。     

餐饮业油烟气排放量的重量法监测

通过试验提出了一种监测餐饮业油烟气的方法，方法首次以单位体积油烟气中总有机物的质量来表示油烟气在空气中的浓度。通过试验选择了最佳监测条件；以石油醚作吸收剂，用ＫＢ－６Ａ型或ＴＭＰ－１５００型空气采样器，控制流量在０．４Ｌ／ｍｉｎ，采集油烟气，并在４０℃时挥发掉吸收剂，经称量得到监测结果，该法所需仪器和试剂简单，并在实际监测中得到了预期的结果。     

饮食业复合油烟吸收剂的研制开发

分析了饮食油烟的成分 ,结合饮食油烟气的治理方法 ,采用正交设计法进行新型复合油烟吸收剂的实验 ,快速、有效、准确地优化确定了油烟吸收剂的配方和工艺 ,并设计了该吸收剂的油污相溶性、环境毒性、生物降解性实验 ,科学地论证了该产品的性能。结果表明 ,本实验研制的油烟吸收剂能够全面包络、粘合、皂化、附着和分离油烟废气中的油类物质 ,对饮食油烟具有快速、高效、彻底的治理效果 ,而且无毒、易降解。     

餐饮业油烟气中醛类化合物的荧光法测定

提出了餐饮业油烟气中醛类化合物的荧光测定方法。通过试验选择丙醇作为油烟气中醛类化合物的吸收剂。研究了Ｈａｎｔｚｓｃｈ反应在测定油烟气中醛类化合物时的反应条件。样品与荧光试剂等体积混合,在ｐＨ６．０的体系中,５７℃下反应１５ｍｉｎ。     

油茶果壳炭对油烟的吸附性能

利用油茶果壳为原料,采用直接炭化法制备油茶果壳炭,主要讨论自制油烟吸附装置中油烟入口浓度、体积空速和吸附床层高度3个因素对穿透曲线和吸附容量的影响。结果表明,在油烟浓度为50 mg/m3,体积空速为1.7 h-1,吸附剂床层高度为40 cm的条件下,最大吸附量可达到122.6 mg/g;保护作用时间随油烟浓度的升高、体积空速的增大、吸附剂床层高度的减小而变短。SEM分析表明,油茶果壳炭含有众多孔径不一的孔隙,有利于油烟这种含有多种组分污染物分子的吸附作用。     

上海中心城区大气环境面临的主要问题及对策探讨

以上海城区及其中心城区之一的卢湾区为例，分析中心城区大气环境所面临的主要问题为ＮＯｘ、ＴＳＰ、除尘、ＳＯ２油烟气等污染，主要污染源为燃车辆、能源利用、建筑及餐饮业，结合卢湾区在大气环境保护的主要对策和经验，提出通过调整产业结构、能源结构和强化环境管理等措施，以改善大气环境质量，促进生态城区建设。     

浙江农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准修订需求分析与建议

以浙江《农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准》(DB33/973—2015)的修订为研究切入点,对比了现行标准与国家和浙江农村生活污水治理的管理要求,分析了浙江农村生活污水处理现状并梳理其他省(自治区、直辖市)标准情况.研究发现DB33/973—2015已不符合浙江实际情况且不能满足浙江对农村生活污水的管理需求,必须开...     

雾化电晕净化烹调油烟技术

对雾化电晕放电极雾化过程、荷电液滴的捕集原理、自清洗作用进行探讨,在相同电压下雾化负电晕放电电流高于干式负电晕放电电流,极间大量荷电液滴具有很高的荷质比,并高速向极板驱进,对烟尘具有静电凝并和动力凝并除尘作用,具有高效净化油烟、自清洗极板的功能,此项净化烹调油烟的新技术,优于传统油烟净化技术,具有很好的应用价值和前景.     

雾化电晕净化烹调油烟技术

对雾化电晕放电极雾化过程、荷电液滴的捕集原理、自清洗作用进行探讨,在相同电压下雾化负电晕放电电流高于干式负电晕放电电流,极间大量荷电液滴具有很高的荷质比,并高速向极板驱进,对烟尘具有静电凝并和动力凝并除尘作用,具有高效净化油烟、自清洗极板的功能,此项净化烹调油烟的新技术,优于传统油烟净化技术,具有很好的应用价值和前景。     

饮食业油烟污染与治理技术现状

近几年来 ,饮食业油烟污染受到了越来越多的关注。分析了油烟中的主要污染物成分 ,介绍了油烟对人体健康的几种危害 ,同时对现有的 5种处理技术 :惯性分离、过滤分离、洗涤去除、静电沉积、复合技术进行了分析比较 ,并列举了一些应用实例。现有技术都有一定的局限性 ,应尽快研制出实用高效的新的处理技术 ,以减轻城市大气污染     

餐饮业含油污水处理技术与设备

本文阐述了饮食业含油污水的产生途径及对环境的危害 ,分析了含油污水的性质及动植物油在污水中的存在形态 ,介绍了饮食业含油污水处理新技术及新设备     

Evaluation of alternative oil spill cleanup techniques in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh

Three oil spill situations which cause long-term impact were simulated in 1 m(2) salt marsh plots to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative cleanup techniques at removing oil and reducing damage to Spartina alterniflora. Cleanup techniques, implemented 18-24 h after oiling, were not effective at removing oil after sediment penetration. When oil remained on the sediment surface, flushing techniques were most effective at removal, reducing levels of added oil by 73% to 83%. The addition of dispersant to the flushing stream only slightly enhanced oil removal. Clipping of vegetation followed by sorbent pad application to sediment was moderately effective, reducing added oil by 36% to 44%. In contrast to flushing and clipping, burning increased the amount of oil in sediment by 27% to 72%. Although flushing and clipping were effective at oil removal, neither technique reduced initial damage to plants or enhanced long-term recovery. While flushed plots sustained no additional plant damage due to cleanup, clipped and burned plots sustained additional initial plant damage. Based on these results, first considerations should be given to natural tidal flushing as the means to remove oil, especially in salt marshes subject to ample tidal inundation. Although our results do not support cleanup in salt marshes with ample tidal inundation, low pressure flushing may be warranted when fuel oils or large quantities of crude oil impact salt marshes subject to reduced tidal flushing. Flushing, when warranted, should be initiated prior to oil penetration into the substrate. Clipping may be considered as a cleanup response only when heavy oil cannot be effectively removed from vegetation by flushing. Burning is not recommended because it enhances oil penetration into sediment and causes substantial initial plant damage.     

Compositional data analysis of smoke emissions from debris piles with low-density polyethylene

ABSTRACT

Data describing the composition of smoke are inherently multivariate and always non-negative parts of a whole. The data are relative and the information is contained in the ratios between parts of the composition. A prior analysis of smoke emissions produced from the burning of manzanita wood mixed with low-density polyethylene plastic applied traditional statistical methods to the compositional data and found no effect. The current paper applies compositional data techniques to these smoke emissions to determine if the prior analysis was accurate. Analysis of variance of the isometric log-ratios showed that LDPE significantly affected the CO₂ emission ratio for 8 of the 191 trace gases; this analysis showed none of the gases identified in the previous analysis were affected by LDPE. LDPE did not affect the CO₂ emission ratios for the alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, diolefins, ketones, MAHs, and PAHs. Compositional data analysis should be used to analyze smoke emissions data. Burning contaminant-free LDPE should produce emissions like wood.     

饮食业油烟治理中的几个典型问题及对策分析

以仪征市为例，介绍了油烟污染治理现状、存在问题分析、对策与建议等。     

湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置在燃煤锅炉烟气净化上的应用

某中药厂4 t/h燃煤锅炉烟气采用湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置取得了良好的效果,经实际运行测定除尘率达95%,脱硫率达77%,排出的烟气均能达到排放标准.该净化装置具有旋风水膜除尘器和湿式旋流板洗涤器的双重功能,通过介绍该一体化装置的机理、设计参数和技术经济分析,为燃煤锅炉烟气的脱硫除尘提供参考.     

Odor Determination Techniques for Air Pollution Control

Abstract

An airborne lidar was used to study the smoke plume from the burning of a controlled oil spill on the ocean. The ratio of the amount of light (at a wavelength, λ, of 0.532 u.m) backscattered by the smoke to the amount of light extinguished by the smoke was determined by measuring the strength of a laser beam after it had passed through the smoke plume, been reflected from the ocean, and passed through the smoke plume again, and comparing this to the strength of the laser beam reflected directly from the ocean. The optical depth of the smoke (at λ = 0.532 µm) was typically between 0.2 and 0.5. The mass fluxes of smoke particles that passed through four vertical cross sections of the (nonsteady state) smoke plume were estimated from lidar measurements to be 142, 175, 423, and 414 g ^s-1, compared to an average smoke mass production rate of ~770 g s^-1. The spatial distribution of smoke mass along the long axis of the plume was also estimated from the lidar measurements; derived smoke mass concentrations were generally <300 µg ^m-3, with a few isolated values up to ~800 µg ^m-3.