石棉摩擦材料废弃物制吸附剂对染料的吸附研究

以石棉摩擦材料加工废弃物为材料制得的吸附剂,在色度５０００倍溶液中对阳离子黄Ｘ－５ＧＬ的静态吸附量为１５９．６８ｍｇ／ｇ,在色度５００倍的溶液中对阳离子艳蓝ＲＬ的静态吸附量为７９．６８ｍｇ／ｇ;对毛纺厂腈纶染缸废水的处理量可达２８０ｍｌ／ｇ,对活性染料亦有较好的吸附效果,吸附饱和吸附剂可通过后处理实现资源化。     

膨润土吸附剂对水中酚吸附性能研究

讨了用羟基铝、硫酸处理过的膨润土对水中酚的吸附性能．试验结果表明：酚径膨润土吸附剂吸附后，其去除率为７３．８８％，处理水再经活性炭吸附，酚去除率可达９９．８％、降至０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ以下．     

海带生物吸附含铜废水的试验

利用海带作为生物吸附材料对含Ｃｕ＾２＋废水处理进行了研究。０．２ｇ颗粒直径为０．１８～０．４２ｍｍ的海带粉末，在１００ｍＬ Ｃｕ＾２＋浓度为１００ｍｇ／Ｌ、ｐＨ为３．０～６．０溶液，吸附容量Ｑｍａｘ为４１．５～６０．０ｍｇ／ｇ，Ｃｕ＾２＋的去除率为８３．９％～８９．３％。ｐＨ值是影响吸附的主要因素，最佳吸附ｐＨ值为３．０～６．０。     

AT－SS复合颗粒吸附剂的制备和除铅性能研究

通过颗粒吸附剂在含铅溶液中的振荡实验．研究了凹凸棒石粘土（ＡＴ）和钢渣（ＣＳ）、水泥（ＳＮ）、石英砂（ＳＳ）制得的多种复合颗粒吸附剂的除铅性能及制备条件．确定出最佳颗粒吸附剂为ＡＴ－ＳＳ，混合比为５：１，７００℃下焙烧１２０ｍｉｎ．对铅的静态吸附容量高达５００ｍｇ／ｇ以上，动态吸附容量为６０ｍｇ／ｇ．在１．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ的流速下，穿透时间为２０ｈ，洗脱回收率为４８．３％．当Ｐｂ进样量为２００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，ＡＴ－ＳＳ吸附剂在２３６倍床体积之内，流出液浓度低于排放标准．     

新型电解槽处理含氰镀铜废水

阐述了一种自行设计的带提升机构的新电解槽的结构特点和原理，经试验选出其最佳条件为：ｔ＝１４ｍｉｎ，Ｉ＝２．８Ａ，废水中盐投加量３０ｇ／Ｌ，药剂用量５０ｍｇ／Ｌ。废水从原来含氰化物２８．７５ｍｇ／Ｌ，含铜量３４．８３ｍｇ／Ｌ，降为含氰０．４５ｍｇ／Ｌ，含铜０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ，去除率和回收率分别为９８．４３％和８８．５８％。     

螯合树脂富集——原子荧光法测定地面水中的痕量汞

经对数种不同功能团螯合树脂的研究，优选出了对尔吸附效率高，解脱速度快的Ｈ－１Ｓ８型螯合树脂，并对树脂装填柱的形态及体积大小进行了研究。经脂交换与洗脱条件及原子荧光谱测试条件进行了优化实验。实验结果，方法的检出限为０．００２μｇ／Ｌ，测定地面水水样汞的平均浓度为０．００９μｇ／Ｌ；精密度实验的相对标准偏差为５．５％，回收率为９６－１０１％     

混凝法预处理糖精钠废水研究

无机混凝剂硫酸铝，硫酸铁分别与有机絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺配合使用处理糖精钠废水，并进行处理效果比较，结果表明，硫酸铝和聚丙烯酰胺配合使用的处理效果好，当硫酸铝投加量为３．２ｇ／Ｌ，聚丙烯酰胺投加量为８ｍｇ／Ｌ，ｐＨ为６时，废水ＣＯＤｃｒ可从４１３００ｍｇ／Ｌ减小到１６８００ｍｇ／Ｌ，去除率达６１％；Ｃｕ＾２＋浓度从３２．７３ｍｇ／Ｌ降至３．１７ｍｇ／Ｌ，去除率达９０．３％，且提高了ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤｃｒ值     

制革含铬废水的吸附处理

采用吸附剂Ｒ处理制革含铬废水，铬的去除率高，处理后废水中含铬量小于０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ并可回收刊用。     

硫化物污染事故应急监测方法研究

根据污染事故监测特点，本文提出并建立了用硼氢化钾发生氢气作载气，用吸附层析柱浓缩硫化氢显色比长的快速现场监测方法，该方法取被测水样５０ｍｌ，定性检出浓度为０．０５ｍｇ／ｌ，定量检测量低浓度为０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ，在０．２－２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内显色比长线性良好。标准偏差为０．２７，相对误差（变异系数）３．８％，加标回收率９６％－１１２５，方法所用器材简单、经济、进行平行双样监测只需１０分钟适用于现场，快速     

一氧化碳基础吸附剂的筛选与优化

通过研究不同材质、不同前处理和不同粒度的活性炭成分子筛，在一定条件下对ＣＯ吸附量的差异，以及吸附碳性能，进行筛选和优化，得到对ＣＯ有较好附性能的基础吸附剂，并对其添加改性剂Ｂ进行改性，研究结果表明，改性后的活性炭（酸洗３２～３８日）吸附剂对ＣＯ的吸附量有显著提高，平衡吸附量为８４．０７ｍｇ／ｇ，提高率为７９．３％，可为研制新型防御ＣＯ滤毒剂提供依据。     

非活体生物质对含铬废水的吸附研究

研究了非活体生物质——玉米芯对Cr^6＋的吸附作用,并探讨了溶液的pH值、Cr^6＋初始浓度、吸附时间及温度等因素对Cr^6＋吸附效果的影响。结果表明,改性玉米芯对C,有很好的吸附作用,在温度为33℃,Cr^6＋初始质量浓度为20mg/L的Cr^6＋溶液50mL,溶液的pH值为2．0,改性玉米芯用量为1．0g,振荡时间为120min的条件下,改性玉米芯对Cr^6＋的吸附率达到了98．16％。     

污泥活性炭理化性质表征及吸附抗生素效果研究

文章以北京方庄污水处理厂的浓缩和脱水污泥为原料,采用ZnCl2活化法分别制备污泥活性炭。对制得的污泥活性炭进行表征,并将其应用于加替沙星废水的处理。研究2种污泥活性炭吸附反应的吸附时间、吸附剂投加量、pH值、初始浓度4个因子对吸附量的影响,设计正交实验。正交实验结果表明:2种污泥活性炭受到4个因子影响程度相当,表现出明显的相似性,但短期吸附时,脱水污泥表现出更好的吸附性能。初始浓度对吸附量的影响最大,获得最大吸附量的条件组合为:初始浓度200 mg/L,投加量0.05 g,pH=9,t=2 h。浓缩和脱水污泥活性炭的最大吸附量分别可达34.541 mg/g和34.925 mg/g,表明2种污泥活性炭对加替沙星均有良好的吸附效果。污泥活性炭作为一种废水吸附剂,是废水处理的一种新途径。     

Efficient capture of aqueous humic acid using a functionalized stereoscopic porous activated carbon based on poly(acrylic acid)/food-waste hydrogel

Stereoscopic porous carbons have shown good potential in humic acid (HA) removal. In this work, a novel stereoscopic porous activated carbon (SPAC) was designed and synthesized via the self-assembly of a hydrogel based on food waste during in-situ polymerization, vacuum drying, carbonization, and activation. Then, the SPAC was functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and the adsorption behavior of the modified SPAC (SPAC-NH₂) was studied systematically. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration of HA, and adsorbent dose were investigated, showing that optimal HA removal efficiency (> 98.0%) could be achieved at an initial HA concentration of 100?mg/L. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156.0?mg?HA/g SPAC-NH₂. Analysis of the mechanism indicated that the removal of HA was mainly realized through the amidization reaction between the COOH groups of HA and the NH₂ groups of APTES. All of the above results showed that SPAC-NH₂ powder is an efficient, eco-friendly, and reusable adsorbent which is suitable for the removal of HA from wastewater.     

氧化锰改性活性炭的优化制备及其对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

采用浸渍焙烧法制备了活性炭负载氧化锰的除镉(Cd(Ⅱ))吸附剂,通过L_9(3~4)正交试验确定最优制备条件如下:浸渍时间7 h,KMnO_4质量分数2.7%,焙烧温度470℃,焙烧时间2.5 h。通过BET、SEM、FTIR、XRD对改性活性炭(MOAC)进行表征,研究了pH值、吸附时间、初始浓度、吸附温度等对Cd(Ⅱ)吸附效果的影响。结果表明:MOAC表面烃基含氧官能团增多,氧化锰以MnO_2的形式负载到其表面;当MOAC的投加量为0.5 g/L,Cd(Ⅱ)的初始浓度为50 mg/L,溶液pH值为6.0,温度为298 K,吸附时间为12 h时,MOAC对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附量高达84.15 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附方程,热力学参数表明该吸附过程为放热、自发的过程。     

载溴活性炭去除烟气中的单质汞

为提高活性炭对烟气中单质汞的吸附作用,利用溴对活性炭进行处理.通过对吸附容量和吸附动力学的测试,研究了载溴活性炭对气体中的单质汞的去除行为.结果表明,载溴可使活性炭对单质汞的吸附量显著增加,并加快对单质汞的吸附速率.实验条件下,当载溴量为0.33%时,活性炭对汞的饱合吸附量可增加约80倍,吸附容量达0.2mg/g;相对吸附系数增加了约40倍.溴负载量越高,吸附强化作用越显著.温度升高,载溴活性炭的吸附能力略有下降,烟气中的二氧化硫对单质汞的吸附速率略有抑制作用.     

Sequestration of toxic Pb(Ⅱ) ions by chemically treated rubber(Hevea brasiliensis) leaf powder

Rubber leaf powder(an agricultural waste) was treated with potassium permanganate followed by sodium carbonate and its performance in the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution was evaluated.The interactions between Pb(Ⅱ) ions and functional groups on the adsorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDX).The effects of several important parameters which can affect adsorption capacity such as pH,adsorbent dosage,initial lead concentration and contact time were studied.The optimum pH range for lead adsorption was 4-5.Even at very low adsorbent dosage of 0.02 g,almost 100% of Pb(Ⅱ) ions(23 mg/L) could be removed.The adsorption capacity was also dependent on lead concentration and contact time,and relatively a short period of time(60-90 min) was required to reach equilibrium.The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir,Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms.Based on Langmuir model,the maximum adsorption capacity of lead was 95.3 mg/g.Three kinetic models including pseudo first-order,pseudo second-order and Boyd were used to analyze the lead adsorption process,and the results showed that the pseudo second-order fitted well with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.     

改性壳聚糖季铵盐的研制及其对高氯酸盐的吸附研究

通过将壳聚糖季铵盐改性以实现固定化,并用于水体中ClO 4-的吸附去除,研究了改性过程相关工艺参数对产物吸附能力的影响,考察了产物的吸附和再生性能.结果表明,戊二醛的交联性能优于甲醛和环氧氯丙烷的交联性能,戊二醛的最佳投加量为6.82%,最佳的反应温度为45℃,pH值在3～12之间交联反应均能很好地进行,从而实现壳聚糖...     

改性柚皮粉对水中Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附

基于柚皮中富含纤维素、木质素、多糖等可与重金属发生络合、螯合作用的物质,将农林及生活废弃物柚子皮作为重金属离子的吸附剂。采用经NaOH改性的柚皮粉吸附水中Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)。考察了pH、吸附时间、改性柚皮粉用量以及Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)初始浓度等因素对吸附的影响,测定了吸附等温线,对等温吸附规律及动力学进行了探讨。结果表明,pH、吸附时间、改性柚皮粉用量、Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)初始浓度等因素对吸附效果均有影响。吸附Cu(Ⅱ)的适宜条件为:pH5.4～5.5,吸附时间10min,改性柚皮粉用量0.2g/100mL,Cu(Ⅱ)初始浓度20～80mg/L。在该条件下,Cu(Ⅱ)去除率达95%以上。吸附Zn(Ⅱ)的适宜条件为:pH5.5～5.6,吸附时间60min,改性柚皮粉用量0.4g/100mL,Zn(Ⅱ)初始浓度小于80mg/L。在该条件下,Zn(Ⅱ)去除率达90%以上。等温吸附规律可用Freundlich和Langmuir模式较好地描述,吸附呈单分层形式,吸附性能良好。吸附动力学规律符合准一级、准二级和Elovich动力学模型。     

Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物的制备及其对水中As(Ⅲ)的去除

采用共沉淀法制备了新型Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物吸附剂,并对其表面特性及除砷性能进行了初步研究。比表面和孔隙测试结果表明:2种Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物TF和TM的比表面积分别为148.6,147.6 m2/g,平均孔径分别为6.2,6.5 nm。Lagergren二级吸附动力学模型,可以很好地描述Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物吸附去除As(Ⅲ)的动力学过程。Freundlich和Langmuir方程均能较好地描述Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物吸附As(Ⅲ)的过程,而且Freundlich方程的拟合效果更好(R2>0.96);TF和TM对As(Ⅲ)的饱和吸附容量分别达到76.92,38.76 mg/g。当PO34-浓度小于2 mmol/L时,TF和TM对As(Ⅲ)的去除率分别可以达到空白样的90%和80%以上;浓度为10 mmol/L时,去除率也可分别达到60%和55%。Ti-Fe复合氢氧化物能够有效减轻PO34-对吸附性能的抑制。     

Sequestration of toxic Pb（II） ions by chemically treated rubber （Hevea brasiliensis ） leaf powder

Rubber leaf powder (an agricultural waste) was treated with potassium permanganate followed by sodium carbonate and its performance in the removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was evaluated. The interactions between Pb(II) ions and functional groups on the adsorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The effects of several important parameters which can affect adsorption capacity such as pH, adsorbent dosage, initial lead concentration and contact time were studied. The optimum pH range for lead adsorption was 4–5. Even at very low adsorbent dosage of 0.02 g, almost 100% of Pb(II) ions (23 mg/L) could be removed. The adsorption capacity was also dependent on lead concentration and contact time, and relatively a short period of time (60–90 min) was required to reach equilibrium. The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. Based on Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of lead was 95.3 mg/g. Three kinetic models including pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and Boyd were used to analyze the lead adsorption process, and the results showed that the pseudo second-order fitted well with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.