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目的 对原子荧光光谱法测定水中砷含量的不确定度来源及其对测量不确定度的影响进行分析。方法 利用相对标准不确定度进行测量不确定度的评定。过程采用直观的因果图,建立有效的数学模型,利用相对标准不确定度分量进行测量不确定度评定,并在砷含量为1.7μg/L的水样测定中,获得其相对标准不确定度为3.4%,有效自由度为25。结论 原子荧光光谱法对水中砷浓度测量不确定度影响因素中,工作曲线拟合产生的不确定度较大。 相似文献
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本文着重分析电磁兼容发射测量中的不确定度。以评定电源端子骚扰电压的不确定度为例,介绍发射测量不确定度的目的、不确定度源的种类、不确定度报告的评定方法及其Ucispr和不确定度在符合性判据中的运用。 相似文献
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文章根据GB/T 4348.3—2002《工业用氢氧化钠铁含量的测定1,10—菲啰琳分光光度法》,以测试工业用氢氧化钠中铁含量为例,依据JJF1059—1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》与CNAS—GL06:2006《化学分析中不确定度的评估指南》对测量过程中不确定来源进行分析,采用A类、B类评定方法对各种因素引起的不确定度分量、合成不确定度、扩展不确定度进行评定,并给出评定结果。对理化分析领域测量不确定度具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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对符合GB 20943-2013定义的电源适配器平均效率的测量不确定度进行了实例评定,示范了如何处理评定过程中复杂的非线性数学模型问题,阐述了获取电源适配器平均效率合成标准不确定度的过程和方法,进而确定电源适配器平均效率测量结果的扩展不确定度。 相似文献
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啤酒厂排放废水中COD与BOD5的相关性分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文针对BOD5测定时间长,对突发性污染事故无法及时提供监测数据的缺点,采用最小二乘法,找出COD与BOD5之间的回归方程式,应易测的COD值,较快地估测废水中的BOD5值。 相似文献
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Lizanne Avon Timothy J. Durbin 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1994,30(1):99-111
AESTRACT An evaluation of the Maxey-Eakin method for calculating recharge to ground-water basins in Nevada was performed. The evaluation consisted of comparing Maxey-Eakin estimates with independent estimates of recharge, and analyzing the nature of the differences between the groups of estimates. In the comparison with the Maxey-Eakin estimates, two different groups of independent estimates were used: (1) 40 recharge estimates that were identified from water budgets contained in reports by the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and (2) 27 recharge estimates that were identified from previous studies that used models. The results of the comparisons indicate generally good agreement between the Maxey-Eakin estimates and both groups of independent estimates. To quantify this agreement, an analysis was conducted to estimate the uncertainty in the Maxey-Eakin method. The analysis produced an upper bound on the standard deviation of the Maxey-Eakin estimate for a given basin. For the group of 40 water-budget estimates, the upper bound on the standard deviation for an individual basin is 4,800 acre-ft/yr, and the corresponding coefficient of variation of the Maxey-Eakin estimate is no greater than 44 percent. For the group of 27 model estimates, the upper bound on the standard deviation is 4,100 acre-ft/yr, and the corresponding coefficient of variation is no greater than 24 percent. 相似文献
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Quantification of uncertainty of experimental measurement in leaching test on cement-based materials
When mineral wastes are reused in construction materials, a current practice is to evaluate their environmental impact using standard leaching test. However, due to the uncertainty of the measurement, it is usually quite difficult to estimate the pollutant potential compared to other materials or threshold limits. The aim of this paper is to give a quantitative evaluation of the uncertainty of leachate concentrations of cement-based materials, as a function of the number of test performed. The relative standard deviations and relative confidence intervals are determined using experimental data in order to give a global evaluation of the uncertainty of leachate concentrations (determination of total relative standard deviation). Various combinations were realized in order to point out the origin of large dispersion of the results (determination of relative standard deviation linked to analytical measured and to leaching procedure), generalisation was suggested and the results were compared to literature. An actual example was given about the introduction of residue (meat and bone meal bottom ash--MBM-BA) in mortar, leaching tests were carried out on various samples with and without residue MBM-BA. In conclusion large dispersion were observed and mainly due to heterogeneity of materials. So heightened attention needed to analyse leaching result on cement-based materials and further more other tests (e.g. ecotoxicology) should be performed to evaluate the environmental effect of these materials. 相似文献
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火焰原子吸收法测定总铜不确定度的评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
依据线性最小二乘法的数学特性,提出采用火焰原子吸收法测定地表水中总铜的不确定度的简化评定方法,通过识别和分析不确定度源,对不确定度进行量化,计算合成标准不确定度。此方法适用于地下水、地表水和废水中的总铜含量直接法测定中不确定度的快速评定。 相似文献
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城市污水厂在污水处理过程中产生大量污泥物质。其BOD5数量远超过尾水排放的BOD5数量,是后者的数倍之多。目前城市污水厂寻找生污泥直接外运的出路日益困难,污泥出路不畅,经常出现泥满为患的现象。本文探讨延伸城市污水处理厂的职能,使污泥的“生产者”承担起污泥处理和处置的环境责任,激励其全面关注进水有机物的最终无害化,将污泥处理以及最终处置(如土地填埋、焚烧或资源化等)的工程造价、运行费用以及相应的环境影响均纳入城市污水处理厂进行考虑,这样将对我国城市污水厂的环境管理观念带来革命性的变化。 相似文献
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采用分光光度法对工业总排放水中Cr6+进行不确定度评定,充分考虑测量重复性、标准溶液的配制、标准曲线的制备等因素对测量的影响,测得Cr6+的合成标准不确定度为0.023mg/L。 相似文献