共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
《资源开发与市场》2015,(12)
生态功能区划是区域生态环境保护、自然资源科学管理与可持续利用的基础。根据张家口市地形地貌、土地利用类型、道路河流、生态环境要素等数据,利用GIS技术,采用自上而下的方法进行张家口市土地生态功能区划分。一级土地生态功能分区以地貌为主导因素进行划分,即坝上高原生态功能区和坝下山间盆地生态功能区。在此基础上,以土地利用类型为主导因素进行二级生态功能区的划分,即草原与农业生产生态功能区、森林草原水源涵养生态功能区、中部城镇生态建设功能区、西部农业与生态环境建设功能区、东部森林水源涵养与水土保持生态功能区、南部森林水源涵养与生物多样性保护生态功能区,提出了各个生态功能区土地利用优化调控的方向,为区域生态保护与生态建设提供参考依据。 相似文献
4.
5.
京津冀地区位于我国北方农牧交错带前缘,坝上、燕山、太行山等地区是区域水源的主要发源地,同样是京津及华北平原的主要生态屏障。对京津冀地区矿产资源开发的生态环境影响进行评价,具有重要现实意义。本文根据京津冀地区矿产资源开发现状、规划空间布局和生态环境特点,综合运用GIS空间分析技术和生态风险理论,从矿产资源的空间布局合理性角度入手,分析京津冀地区矿产资源开发利用的生态环境影响,并以此识别区域内矿产资源开发的生态风险高发区和较高发区。结果显示,京津冀地区矿产资源开发空间布局与燕山、太行山山地水源涵养与水土保持区、坝上高原风沙防护区等生态功能区存在空间重叠,规模性的矿产开发会对区域内的水源涵养、土壤保持、生物多样性维护等生态功能构成持续性影响;高海拔地区的高强度开矿同样会加剧水土流失和荒漠化。天津市滨海区,承德市宽城满族自治县,邯郸市武安市等市县因密集分布了已有的矿产开发企业,并囊括了近期矿产资源开发的众多矿区,矿产资源开发的遗留性问题也比较突出,成为矿产资源开发的生态风险高发区。在生态影响分析基础上,本文提出了有针对性的空间差异性生态保护对策,以期为京津冀地区矿产资源开发布局优化提供技术支撑。 相似文献
6.
保护和扩大西部干旱区山地水源涵养林的建议——面对全球气候变化的战略措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《新疆环境保护》2001,23(1):1-2
森林有涵养水源、保持水土、调节气候、增加降水、调节径流、吸收CO2、释放氧气、防风固沙、防尘杀菌、美化环境、旅游健身、防病治病、保护生物多样性和开展科学文化教育的多种重要生态作用。 相似文献
7.
8.
青藏高原是三江源区域重要的生态安全屏障。构建生态廊道和生物多样性保护网络,提升生态系统质量和稳定性是区域生态环境保护的重要任务。生态系统的变化,导致水源涵养能力急剧减退,对中下游地区也会有影响。守护中华水塔,守护长江中上游这片重要的水源涵养地,是环境保护的重要课题。绿色江河在青海实施青藏绿色驿站项目,用"分散收集、长途运输、集中处置"的方式,收集青藏公路沿线不可降解废弃物,仅2018年累计收集罐类废弃物超过10万件。 相似文献
9.
5大功能区战略是重庆坚持主体功能区规划理念,优化人口、产业和城镇发展布局,实现全市资源配置最优化和整体功能最大化的重要举措。该战略的实施对环境管理提出了新的任务和要求,构建有利于促进5大功能区建设的配套环境保护政策意义重大且非常迫切。本文在全面分析各功能区生态环境压力、发展定位和环境保护目标的基础上,遵循"分类指导、分区推进"原则,构建了5大功能区差异化环境保护政策框架,突出了生态红线、环境准入、总量控制、环境标准、环境监管、环境经济政策、绩效考核7大政策在不同功能区的政策取向和实施重点,有利于发挥环境保护政策的激励和约束作用。 相似文献
10.
11.
通过剖析绿色产业的概念及科学内涵,系统地阐述了国内外绿色产业体系构建的特点及进展,详细描述了威海市以绿色能源、节能减排、农村环保、循环经济和生态农业为主导的绿色产业体系,总结了威海市利用区位优势及地理条件,将发展绿色产业与环保模范城市、生态市创建等活动相结合,把绿色产业体系建设纳入国民经济与社会发展规划,采取加大关键技术研究推广力度,加速绿色产业工业园创建等一系列举措推进绿色产业发展,为利用绿色产业发展机遇振兴地区经济提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
12.
“三线一单”编制工作持续推进,长江经济带11省(市)和青海省等大部分省份“三线一单”编制成果已经发布,其余19省(区、市)及新疆生产建设兵团“三线一单”工作也进入成果审核阶段,预期2020年底发布完成。本文在成果表达和地方实践的基础上梳理了“三线一单”的作用和功能定位,认为“三线一单”实现了生态环境空间管控落地,是适应“放管服”改革背景下发挥源头预防作用的重要举措。“三线一单”编制工作凝结了源头预防生态环境风险的空间管控思路,技术逻辑从问题和目标导向出发,形成区域开发的“框子”和“规矩”,确保生态系统结构完整性、功能健康性和过程持续性。基于技术逻辑和已发布成果的案例分析可知,“三线一单”实施能够提升国土空间规划、区域国民经济发展规划和地方立法等领域的绿色化发展水平,支撑生态环境体系和治理能力现代化。 相似文献
13.
在新疆跨越式发展的新形势下,重点产业开发区域面临的资源环境问题和风险的压力是不容忽视的。但目前,新疆尚未建立起一个完整的生态环境风险监控技术体系,环境风险监控仍处于起步阶段,存在较大缺陷。本文对石油化工、煤电、煤化工各类重点产业进行风险识别,建立了生态环境监控指标体系,构建了生态环境风险监控框架,旨在为新疆重点产业生态风险监控管理平台建设提供思路及理论依据。 相似文献
14.
近20年来,中国生态保护修复事业取得长足进步,为保障国家生态安全、推进美丽中国建设提供了重要基础支撑。国家通过实施一系列生态保护修复政策和重大工程,生态保护修复取得明显进展,生态产品供给能力保持总体稳定。本文回顾了近20年中国生态保护修复发展历程,分别从国土生态空间管控、生态系统保护修复、生物多样性保护、生态文明示范建设等重点领域总结了主要进展和成效。面向建设美丽中国以及实现碳达峰碳中和目标愿景,以维护国家和区域生态安全、恢复和提升生态系统服务功能、推动生态产品价值实现为着力点,对新时期中国生态保护修复提出未来展望。 相似文献
15.
Marine Protected Dramas: The Flaws of the Brazilian National System of Marine Protected Areas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leopoldo C. Gerhardinger Eduardo A. S. Godoy Peter J. S. Jones Gilberto Sales Beatrice P. Ferreira 《Environmental management》2011,47(4):630-643
This article discusses the current problems and issues associated with the implementation of a National System of Marine Protected
Areas in Brazil. MPA managers and higher governmental level authorities were interviewed about their perceptions of the implementation
of a national MPA strategy and the recent changes in the institutional arrangement of government marine conservation agencies.
Interviewees’ narratives were generally pessimistic and the National System was perceived as weak, with few recognizable marine
conservation outcomes on the ground. The following major flaws were identified: poor inter-institutional coordination of coastal
and ocean governance; institutional crisis faced by the national government marine conservation agency; poor management within
individual MPAs; problems with regional networks of marine protected areas; an overly bureaucratic management and administrative
system; financial shortages creating structural problems and a disconnect between MPA policy and its delivery. Furthermore,
a lack of professional motivation and a pessimistic atmosphere was encountered during many interviews, a malaise which we
believe affects how the entire system is able to respond to crises. Our findings highlight the need for a better understanding
of the role of ‘leadership’ in the performance of socio-ecological systems (such as MPA networks), more effective official
evaluation mechanisms, more localized audits of (and reforms if necessary to) Brazil’s federal biodiversity conservation agency
(ICMBio), and the need for political measures to promote state leadership and support. Continuing to focus on the designation
of more MPAs whilst not fully addressing these issues will achieve little beyond fulfilling, on paper, Brazil’s international
marine biodiversity commitments. 相似文献
16.
随着国家政策导向提出实现生物多样性整体性、系统性保护的要求,新时期背景下的生物多样性保护除了注重实现生物多样性在自然生态系统、生物物种、遗传资源(基因)三方面的协同性整体性保护以外,还强调了实现自然生态系统平衡、维护国家安全等总体性目标。在此背景下,本文建议,生物多样性保护法律体系也应当在推动立法实践、提升国家安全治理能力、整合现有立法资源等方面发挥其应有价值。从系统性的角度出发,明确法律体系贯彻生物多样性整体性保护理念、执行国家战略部署以及平衡多元化利益的应有定位,并在此基础上从整体性目标的树立、网格联动性的体系构建、合理配置现行法律制度等方面探寻系统性法律体系的构建路径,将有效发挥我国生物多样性保护法律体系在服务社会需求、回应国家政策导向等方面的制度支撑价值。 相似文献
17.
The Great Western Development Strategy (GWDS) is a long term national campaign aimed at boosting development of the western
area of China and narrowing the economic gap between the western and the eastern parts of China. The Strategic Environmental
Assessment (SEA) procedure was employed to assess the environmental challenges brought about by the western development plans.
These plans include five key developmental domains (KDDs): water resource exploitation and use, land utilization, energy generation,
tourism development, and ecological restoration and conservation. A combination of methods involving matrix assessment, incorporation
of expert judgment and trend analysis was employed to analyze and predict the environmental impacts upon eight selected environmental
indicators: water resource availability, soil erosion, soil salinization, forest destruction, land desertification, biological
diversity, water quality and air quality. Based on the overall results of the assessment, countermeasures for environmental
challenges that emerged were raised as key recommendations to ensure ecological security during the implementation of the
GWDS. This paper is intended to introduce a consensus-based process for evaluating the complex, long term pressures on the
ecological security of large areas, such as western China, that focuses on the use of combined methods applied at the strategic
level. 相似文献
18.
新中国成立70年来,我国自然保护地体系逐步完善。在生态系统与重要自然资源保护方面,形成了由自然保护区、风景名胜区、森林公园、地质公园、自然文化遗产、湿地公园、水产种质资源保护区、海洋特别保护区、特别保护海岛等组成的保护地体系。在生态空间保护方面,率先在国际上提出和实施生态保护红线,构建了以重要生态功能区、生态脆弱区和生物多样性保护区为主体的生态保护红线技术体系,成为我国新世纪一项重大生态保护工程,并开展了生态功能区划、主体功能区划。在保护机制上,于2015年启动了国家公园体制,并开展试点示范。本文从以上三个方面概要分析了我国自然保护地的发展历程和发展成效。 相似文献
19.
Recovery planning is a key component of many threatened species conservation initiatives and can be a powerful awareness raising
tool. One of the largest impediments to conservation efforts in the Pacific region however, is the lack of ecological data
and its subsequent effects on the development of feasible and useful recovery plans for threatened species. Without these
plans, the understaffed, underfunded and often technically ill-equipped conservation agencies face huge difficulties in planning,
prioritizing and conducting conservation activities to adequately protect biodiversity. The Fiji sago palm, Metroxylon vitiense, is an endemic endangered palm species whose survival is heavily dependent on a feasible species recovery plan. It is geographically
restricted and threatened by habitat destruction and overexploitation for thatch for the tourism industry and palm heart consumption
by local consumers. Despite its threatened status, M. vitiense is not currently protected by national or international legislation. Recent field surveys and extensive stakeholder consultation
have resulted in the production of a species recovery plan highlighting the importance of the species and advocating sustainable
harvesting rather than complete bans to promote conservation. This article summarizes the recovery plan and its current effects
on the status of M. vitiense in Fiji. We also discuss the role of different stakeholders in the conservation of M. vitiense, including the absence of significant behavioral changes by the largest consumer - the tourism industry, and the importance
of recovery plans for biodiversity conservation in the Pacific. 相似文献