用水解酸化池-膜生物反应器处理活性艳红X-3B废水

采用水解酸化池-膜生物反应器处理含活性艳红X-3B的模拟废水，研究了水力停留时间（HRT）对水解酸化池废水处理效果的影响，考察了水解酸化池-膜生物反应器对废水的处理效果及膜生物反应器中污泥沉降性能对膜污染的影响。实验结果表明：水解酸化池HRT为16h时，废水的可生化性最好，挥发性脂肪酸质量浓度与COD比值为0．5；HRT为17h时，废水脱色率达69％，而COD的去除率受HRT影响较小；膜生物反应器主要起去除废水中COD的作用；水解酸化池-膜生物反应器处理后废水的脱色率和COD去除率分别为83％和97％；膜生物反应器中活性污泥沉降性能的变化直接影响膜污染的速率。     

膜生物反应器及其在工业废水处理中的应用

介绍了膜生物反应器的工艺流程、膜材料与膜组件形式、工艺特点及其在工业废水处理应用中对CDD、氮、磷及挥发性有机物的去除效果；分析了影响膜生物反应器废水处理效果的主要因素及对策；指出了膜生物反应器在工业废水处理方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

用硅橡胶平板复合膜分离苯酚时总传质系数的影响因素

用硅橡胶平板复合膜处理高浓度含酚废水，测定了体系的总传质系数（Kov），分析了温度、盐离子强度、跨膜压差（△p）、膜厚度对Kov的影响。实验结果表明：Kov随温度的升高而呈线性增加，传质通量与温度的关系符合Arrhenius方程；当△p〈0．1MPa时，Kov与压力无关；当△p〉0．1MPa时，压差升高可提高传质系数，但会导致膜的致密化；离子强度改变了苯酚在相间的分配系数，进而影响传质过程；膜厚度降低能有效提高膜的Kov；在膜活性皮层厚度4μm、pH12．5～13．0、温度323．15K、废水流量1205mL／min、废水中苯酚质量浓度7．78g/L、无压差和离子强度的条件下，运行8h后，Kov为16．1×10^-7m／s。     

清洗液和阻垢剂对疏水膜接触角的影响

研究了采用不同pH的酸、碱清洗液及阻垢剂溶液静态浸泡对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)疏水平板膜接触角的影响.实验结果表明:随pH 2.5盐酸和pH2.0草酸浸泡PVDF膜和PTFE膜时间的延长,两种疏水膜的接触角均小幅度减小,说明酸性清洗液对两种疏水膜性能的影响较小；随pH11.5NaOH溶液浸泡膜时间...     

膜蒸馏技术在石化废水处理领域的应用进展

综述了一种新型分离技术——膜蒸馏技术在石化废水处理领域的应用现状，重点介绍了在高盐度废水处理和挥发性有机物废水处理两个方面的进展；指出膜蒸馏应用过程中存在的主要问题是膜污染；预测了膜蒸馏及其集成技术在废水处理领域的发展前景。     

一种制备半导体纳米材料同步处理无机与有机废水的方法

该发明公开了一种制备半导体纳米材料同步处理无机与有机废水的方法。其具体步骤为：将0．2～0．5g邻菲罗啉载体溶解于60～80mL氯仿中，搅拌反应，制成含载体的液膜；将微孔滤膜放入其中浸泡，将浸泡后的微孔滤膜固定于反应器中，形成支撑液膜；向含S^2-的废水中加入甲基橙，作为溶液A；向含重金属的废水中加入甲基橙，作为溶液B；分别将A、B溶液置于所得支撑液膜体系的左、右两侧，搅拌反应，得到吸附有纳米光催化材料的液膜；将处理后的A、B溶液分别进行紫外光照，     

聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维疏水膜及其初步应用

使用聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维疏水膜，比较了三种膜蒸馏过程用于质量分数为3．5％的氯化钠溶液的脱盐效果。实验结果表明：真空膜蒸馏的通量最大，达到21．8kg／（m^2·h），其次为直接接触式膜蒸馏，气扫式膜蒸馏的通量最小；三种膜蒸馏过程的脱盐率均在99．99％以上；膜蒸馏通量随膜内径增加略有增加，与膜壁厚呈反比。真空膜蒸馏法可用于反渗透浓水的进一步处理，当反渗透浓水浓缩4倍时，原水电导率从5980μS／cm增加到22800μS／cm，膜蒸馏产水电导率保持在1．8～1．9μS／cm以内，脱盐率大于99．99％。     

二氧化钛-活性炭光催化复合膜的制备及对若丹明染料降解的研究

采用以粉状活性炭为主要载体、少量聚四氟乙烯为粘结剂、金属网为城撑基体的TiO2导电光催化复合膜，在不同条件下对若丹明B染料进行了光催化氧化研究。研究结果表明，该膜具有较强而稳定的光催化活性；在此光催化体系中光催化与吸附之间存在一定的协同作用，使光催化效率得以提高。     

环保科技 尽我之力

环保所致力于石化污水膜技术回用研究,在膜应用基础研发、膜前预处理、水质分析、膜污染控制与清洗等方面的研究处于国内先进水平,为中国石化企业创造了巨大的环境效益和经济效益。     

改性魔芋葡甘聚糖膜结构和性能的研究进展

主要论述了魔芋葡甘聚糖膜改性的方法、改性膜的结构和性能、结构与性能之间的关系研究进展,同时分析了膜存在的缺陷,提出了魔芋葡甘聚糖复合膜研究趋势,为魔芋葡甘聚糖复合膜的进一步研究提供理论参考.     

膜生物反应器及其组合工艺在有机废水处理中的应用

膜生物反应器是一种膜与生物反应器相结合的废水处理新工艺。介绍了膜生物反应器的种类，特性及其组合工艺。综述了国内外用于有机物废水处理过程中的研究进展及应用现状，并对其发展前景作出了展望。     

膜生物反应器中膜孔堵塞的影响因素及控制方法

介绍了膜生物反应器（MBR）中膜污染形成的机理,分析了膜材质、膜孔大小、膜表面粗糙度、过膜溶质性质、处理液性质、过膜操作方式等因素对膜孔堵塞的影响,阐述了控制膜孔堵塞的重点和主要方法,指出了今后解决膜孔堵塞问题的研究重点。     

膜生物反应器技术在石化污水处理中的应用进展

介绍了膜生物反应器技术的发展状况，总结了近年来膜生物反应器技术的应用情况。针对膜生物反应器技术在石化污水处理中遇到的一些问题提出了应对的方法，并展望了今后的应用趋势。     

白腐真菌反应器处理废水的研究进展

介绍了白腐真菌的生物学特性及其降解污染物的优势，综述了生物转盘反应器、搅拌釜生物反应器、气升式生物反应器、流化床生物反应器、填充床生物反应器、转管生物反应器、空心纤维反应器等白腐真菌反应器的结构特点和在废水处理方面的研究进展，指出了目前白腐真菌反应器应用中存在的问题。     

提高炼油废水处理场的氨氮去除率

对炼油废水处理场现有工艺进行流程优化,将MBR装置调整在接触氧化池之后运行.优化流程后氨氮平均去除率可从近于0提高至71.70％；COD平均去除率可从50.00％提高至72.00％.通过对工艺流程的对比,分析了现有工艺氨氮质量浓度难以降低的原因,指出废水中存在的某些污染物对硝化细菌起到抑制作用,减少了反应器中硝化细菌的...     

两级过滤膜生物反应技术在中水深度处理中的应用

分析了国内外城市中水深度处理回用技术的应用现状，系统介绍了自主研发的以膜法工艺为核心的中水深度处理回用新技术——两级过滤膜生物反应技术（DF—MBR），对其基本原理、技术优势及工程应用情况进行了介绍，工程实践及其运行效果表明，该技术具有广阔的市场应用前景和推广价值。     

An assessment of bioreactor landfill costs and benefits

Because effective operation of bioreactor landfills involves careful operation and construction of infrastructure beyond that necessary in traditional landfills, upfront capital and operating costs are greater than those associated with traditional landfills. Prior to investing in bioreactor landfills, landfill owners must be convinced that larger short-term expenses (e.g., liquid and/or air injection infrastructure) will be balanced by future economic benefits (e.g., extension of landfill life, reduced leachate treatment costs, etc.). The purpose of this paper is to describe an economic model developed to evaluate the impact of various operational (anaerobic, aerobic, or hybrid) and construction (retrofit and as-built) bioreactor landfill strategies on project economics. Model results indicate retrofit bioreactor landfills are more expensive than traditional landfills, while both the as-built and aerobic bioreactor landfills are less costly. Simulation results indicate the parameters that influence bioreactor economics most significantly are airspace recovery, gas recovery and subsequent use to generate electricity, and savings resulting from reduced leachate treatment costs.     

N2O emission from a combined ex-situ nitrification and in-situ denitrification bioreactor landfill

A combined process comprised of ex-situ nitrification in an aged refuse bioreactor (designated as A bioreactor) and in-situ denitrification in a fresh refuse bioreactor (designated as F bioreactor) was constructed for investigating N₂O emission during the stabilization of municipal solid waste (MSW). The results showed that N₂O concentration in the F bioreactor varied from undetectable to about 130 ppm, while it was much higher in the A bioreactor with the concentration varying from undetectable to about 900 ppm. The greatly differences of continuous monitoring of N₂O emission after leachate cross recirculation in each period were primarily attributed to the stabilization degree of MSW. Moreover, the variation of N₂O concentration was closely related to the leachate quality in both bioreactors and it was mainly affected by the COD and COD/TN ratio of leachate from the F bioreactor, as well as the DO, ORP, and NO₃^?-N of leachate from the A bioreactor.     

Practice review of five bioreactor/recirculation landfills

Five landfills were analyzed to provide a perspective of current practice and technical issues that differentiate bioreactor and recirculation landfills in North America from conventional landfills. The bioreactor and recirculation landfills were found to function in much the same manner as conventional landfills, with designs similar to established standards for waste containment facilities. Leachate generation rates, leachate depths and temperatures, and liner temperatures were similar for landfills operated in a bioreactor/recirculation or conventional mode. Gas production data indicate accelerated waste decomposition from leachate recirculation at one landfill. Ambiguities in gas production data precluded a definitive conclusion that leachate recirculation accelerated waste decomposition at the four other landfills. Analysis of leachate quality data showed that bioreactor and recirculation landfills generally produce stronger leachate than conventional landfills during the first two to three years of recirculation. Thereafter, leachate from conventional and bioreactor landfills is similar, at least in terms of conventional indicator variables (BOD, COD, pH). While the BOD and COD decreased, the pH remained around neutral and ammonia concentrations remained elevated. Settlement data collected from two of the landfills indicate that settlements are larger and occur much faster in landfills operated as bioreactors or with leachate recirculation. The analysis also indicated that more detailed data collection over longer time periods is needed to draw definitive conclusions regarding the effects of bioreactor and recirculation operations. For each of the sites in this study, some of the analyses were limited by sparseness or ambiguity in the data sets.