共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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喻林超 《环境监测管理与技术》1991,3(3):21-24
阿坝州地处岷江上游,是长江的主要源头之一.汶、理、茂三县是阿坝州的主要工业基地,因此,岷江上游的生态环境恶化与否,工业污染严重与否,不仅影响上游地区,更多地要影响岷江、长江中下游流域的政治、经济和文化的发展.目前看来,阿坝州生态环境已开始恶化,工业污染日趋严重,岷江上游地区和川西北草原不同程度地出现了一系列环境问题,并逐步向外部地区移动、扩展.以1985年为例,由于环境污染和生态破坏造成的经济损失达3亿多元,高出当年工农业总产值2亿多元.所以,深入了解阿坝州生态环境和工业污染现状、问题及危害,明确阿坝州环境保护的任务,努力搞好阿坝州的环境保护工作, 相似文献
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介绍了应用于生态环境、环境质量监测、环境污染事故应急监控等环境保护领域的环境卫星遥感信息系统,提出应以国家、省、市三级行政区为单元,建立卫星影像动态数据库和查询系统,以满足生态环境观测信息处理需求.并以辽宁省为例,构建了省级CBERS环境卫星遥感信息系统. 相似文献
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随着西部大开发的战略实施和经济快速发展.控制环境污染,做好保护城市生态环境的工作,切实做好环境与经济的可持续发展。 相似文献
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甘肃省农村生态环境污染造成的经济损失估算 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
妙旭华 《甘肃环境研究与监测》2000,13(2):100-102
运用市场价值法、替代市场价值法并参考有关资料,对甘肃省农业环境污染造成的经济损失进行了估算,结果表明,20世纪90年代甘肃省农业环境污染每年造成的经济损失折价达14.6亿元,占同期农业生产总值的9.6%。 相似文献
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浅谈我国石油类污染及对其监测分析的注意事项 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国越来越多的石油污染事故,造成了经济损失,生态环境的破坏,人体健康的危害.因此,国家制定相关的法律法规来控制石油类的污染.石油类的监测和分析要求规范化、标准化、现代化,文中列出了石油类监测分析过程中的注意事项. 相似文献
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Fabio Zagonari 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2013,18(2):115-133
In this paper, I develop an optimization model for integrated coastal management in which decisions arise from an area-based algorithm that minimizes predicted damage caused by beach erosion and inshore flooding, while accounting for economic, social, and environmental losses. The model favors the involvement of stakeholders in coastal management, but does not use complicated assessment procedures for non-economic indicators or relative weights to combine economic, social, and environmental indicators. Instead, the integration between economic activities or properties and the environmental status and landscape is represented objectively and non-linearly by referring to initial and sustainability conditions, combined with budgetary and environmental constraints. The model successfully accounted for both human and environmental dynamics by depicting delayed effects, neighborhood externalities, and feedback effects. It calculated a single optimal value for each integrated coastal management strategy, which permitted the support of future decisions and the evaluation of past decisions. The model’s insights were based on reliable estimates, with reliability determined by calculating the confidence level. The model was successfully applied to Italy’s Comacchio coastal municipality, where it revealed the priorities for optimal beach nourishment, dune fixation, and residential and holiday housing development based on budget constraints, beach losses, flood damage, pollution impacts, and land-use constraints. 相似文献
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Ioannis Karaouzas Elias Dimitriou Nikolaos Skoulikidis Konstantinos Gritzalis Eva Colombari 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(6):677-689
Ecological (biological and hydrochemical assessment) and hydrogeological (vulnerability and pollution risk mapping) tools
have been combined to assess the ecological quality and hydrogeological vulnerability of an agricultural river basin. In addition,
the applicability of the recently developed vulnerability assessment approach (COP method) in the particular environmental
conditions was tested by comparing its results with hydroecological assessment tools (i.e., pollution metrics). Five sampling
sites were selected and sampled for benthic macroinvertebrates and physicochemical variables during summer and spring. Overall,
sites ranged from moderate to poor ecological quality. The results illustrated that 26% of the study area was of moderate
pollution risk, while 65% was classified as of low and very low risk zones. However, the higher elevation zones where calcareous
rock formations are encountered presented moderate to high pollution risk that was accredited by the ecological quality assessment.
Pollution metrics facilitated from hydrochemical analysis indicated a significant association with groundwater vulnerability,
thus validating vulnerability and risk estimations. This study indicated that the particular groundwater pollution risk mapping
methodology and the water quality assessment indices can be well combined to provide an integrated evaluation tool at a catchment
scale. 相似文献
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为了解佛山水道底泥的污染状况,对佛山水道底泥重金属的总体水平及其潜在生态危害进行了调查.结果表明,佛山水道底泥重金属的质量比处于较高水平,Hg的平均质量比达到背景值的20倍,As的平均质量比是背景值的2倍多.根据潜在生态危害指数法的评价结果,佛山水道底泥重金属对生态系统的危害已达到很强的程度;各种重金属的生态危害排序为:Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>As>Cr>Zn,其中Hg的生态危害已达到了极强的程度. 相似文献
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环境生态风险评估(ERA)流程已经被纳入全球环境政策中,既用于规范新化学物质的授权和营销(前瞻性环境生态风险评估),也用于评估潜在的污染场地(回顾性环境生态风险评估)。将土壤生态毒理学应用于风险评估,能阐明有毒物质对土壤生态系统中生命有机体的危害程度与范围。笔者主要介绍了应用评估因子法和物种敏感度分布法对基于效应数据进行的外推与估算,并综述了欧美等主要国家和地区的土壤生态风险评估框架、相关法律法规及其实施情况等,为中国开展土壤污染物生态毒理效应和风险评估等相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
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阐述了美国敏感地图项目的设计理念、地图集数据结构与产品组成,分别讨论了其在敏感资源保护策略的设计与制定、区域环境分析和污染风险评价,以及污染源管理等领域的应用。提出将敏感地图应用于我国海洋、河流、湖泊的生态环境评价、事故响应预案编制、事故责任与损失评估,为提升环境保护水平提供科学的借鉴平台。 相似文献
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福建三沙湾海洋生态环境研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
2000~2004年对三沙湾海洋生态环境进行了调查,分析了三沙湾海区多年来水质、水域养殖力(营养盐、叶绿素a和初级生产力)和浮游植物多样性的变化。调查后发现,养殖水域富营养化已经成为制约水产养殖业可持续发展的瓶颈,如何有效控制水体富营养化过程,降低海水养殖对环境产生的负面影响是一个非常现实的问题。因此,合理设置养殖容量、养殖方式、养殖种类,使退化的养殖海域得以修复,将对三沙湾海水养殖业的发展产生深远影响。 相似文献
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流域环境风险评价研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在分析流域环境风险内涵的基础上,从研究内容和研究方法两个方面,综述了国内外流域环境风险评价研究现状。指出目前研究内容主要集中在流域水质健康风险评价、流域生态风险评价、地下水环境风险评价、突发事件和农业非点源污染的流域环境风险评价等方面,主要采用基于层次分析、突变理论或经验公式(数学模型)的研究方法。在此基础上讨论了目前研究存在的不足,并从复杂动态系统分析的角度提出了未来的发展趋势。 相似文献