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以青岛理工大学新校区为例,采用变网格划分法,研究了基于地理信息系统(GIS)的噪声地图在区域环境噪声评价方面的应用。结果表明,噪声预测系统结合GIS,以数字与渲染图的方式能够直观地展现噪声污染在环境区域的分布状况,可用于指导区域的规划和环境噪声评价。 相似文献
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高志华 《环境监测管理与技术》1996,8(1):43-44
运用加权平均法探讨城市的区域环境噪声评价值,提出将各功能区标准按面积进行加权所得的平均值作为评价标准。同时探讨了工业排放的混合废水中污染物浓度均值的计算,提出用各工序的污染物浓度,按废水量进行加权的平均值作为计算结果。 相似文献
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结合工作实践,提出环境噪声监测中应注意的问题,供参考。1 环境噪声监测环境噪声一般指功能区噪声、区域环境噪声和交通噪声。中山市环境噪声功能区共划分为4类(1类区、2类区、3类区和4类区),每类布点2个,每季度监测1次。该市为国家环保模范城市,布点网格数>200。监测时间为昼6:00~22:00,夜22:00~6:00。监测仪器均采用AWA6218A、B两种型号噪声仪。监测时尽量使用同型号仪器,以避免产生误差。环境噪声监测技术要点见表1。表1 环境噪声监测技术要点项目名称功能区噪声交通噪声区域环境噪声布点原则各选择具有代表性的2个以上的长期… 相似文献
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王凌 《环境监测管理与技术》2002,14(2):37-39
噪声污染一直是海口市主要的环境问题之一。主要原因是城市纵深度太低,道路密度太高,交通布局不合理,1991年-2000年城市区域环境噪声和道路交通噪声的平均值分别为59.0dB(A)和69.5dB(A)。利用城市区域环境噪声预测方法和道路交通噪声预测方法对该市噪声进行预测,2001年-2005年该市的区域噪声昼间平均等效声级综合预测值在57.6dB(A)-56.7dB(A)之间;道路交通噪声昼间平均等效声级综合预测值在68.2dB(A)-68.3dB(A)之间。 相似文献
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城市环境噪声管理的新探索——环境噪声的总量控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对目前城市环境噪声源的评价方法和管理方法作了研究和阐述,并针对其缺点提出了一种值得尝试的新方法——环境噪声的总量控制:由城市区域环境噪声标准和环境背景噪声计算出环境噪声的容量,并以此为尺度来控制噪声污染源的排放量。文中对此评价方法和管理方法作了必要的阐述和论证。 相似文献
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GPS在城市环境噪声监测布点中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
城市区域环境噪声监测布点是以作图方式将待测区划分成等距离网格 (大于 1 0 0个 ) ,监测时参照布点图提供的标志物选择各网格中心作为测点实施定点监测 ,但在标志物不甚明确或变动的情况下 ,给监测点的确定带来不便 ,定点随意性较大。今将卫星地面定位系统 (GPS)技术应用于 相似文献
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以北京市某典型区域作为研究对象,在收集大量相关资料与实测历史噪声数据的基础上,对研究区域内的声环境质量影响因素进行灰色关联度分析,并运用灰色理论建立GM(1,1)模型进行预测。结果表明,影响城市区域声环境质量因素从大到小的排序依次为:机动车辆﹥常住人口数量﹥平均车流量﹥地区生产总值﹥城市道路桥梁﹥基础设施投资﹥治理噪声环保投资;以研究区域内噪声污染实测历史数据建立的GM(1,1)模型精度符合要求标准,根据GM(1,1)模型预测北京市“十二五”期间声环境质量达标且有轻微下降趋势。 相似文献
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公交车已成为当前北京市道路交通噪声的主要束源之一,针对公交车声源模型缺乏而沿用大型车声源模型所致的噪声预测误差问题,在北京市选取了两类常见公交车进行了537辆车的单车通过噪声测试,在无效数据剔除和背景噪声修正后,利用回归分析法获得了北京市公交车声源模型,通过与现有《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中大型车声源模型的比较,显示出建立北京市公交车噪声声源模型的必要性。基于《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》中的道路交通噪声预测方法,提出了符合北京市实际情况的道路交通噪声预测模型。 相似文献
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In recent decades, noise pollution caused by industrialization and increased motorization has become a major concern around the world because of its adverse effects on human well-being. Therefore, transportation agencies have been implementing noise abatement measures in order to reduce road traffic noise. However, limited attention is given to noise in environmental assessment of road transportation systems. This paper presents a framework for a health impact assessment model for road transportation noise emissions. The model allows noise impacts to be addressed with the health effects of air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions from road transportation. The health damages assessed in the model include annoyance, sleep disturbance, and cardiovascular disease in terms of acute myocardial infarction. The model was applied in a case study in Istanbul in order to evaluate the change in health risks from the implementation of noise abatement strategies. The noise abatement strategies evaluated include altering pavement surfaces in order to absorb noise and introducing speed limits. It was shown that significant improvements in health risks can be achieved using open graded pavement surfaces and introducing speed limits on highways. 相似文献
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This paper elucidates the basic approach of determining the path coefficients and its significance in the road traffic noise
annoyance. Path model not only outline the direct effect of the traffic noise on the nearby residents but also indicate the
indirect effect via other variables. In this study seven variables were considered for determining road traffic noise annoyance.
However the same would be equally applicable for other situations like aircraft noise, rail noise, and industry noise with
the different variables. At the outset a priori path model was designed and then on the basis of the partial regression coefficient
values for the different paths, the revised path model was developed. The standardized partial regression coefficients known
as path coefficients, determine the strength of the linkage among variables. Some of the paths in the model were not statistically
significant. Revised path models were developed by deleting the insignificant paths whose values were found above 5% level.
In the revised path model, thus the direct and indirect effect due to a particular variable causing the road traffic noise
annoyance could be observed. 相似文献
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Development of Noise Simulation Model for Stationary and Mobile Sources: A GIS-Based Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Asheesh Sharma Ritesh Vijay Veena K. Sardar R. A. Sohony Apurba Gupta 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2010,15(3):189-197
In the rapidly urbanizing country like India, the transportation sector is growing rapidly, which lead to overcrowded roads
producing air and noise pollution. Noise of a particular region is influenced by the volume of traffic on the highway, in
addition to other causative factors like existing infrastructure and industrial setup etc. In the present paper, a geographical
information system (GIS)-based noise simulation model has been developed to generate noise levels in Versova region of Mumbai,
India. The study area comprises effect of infrastructure, road network, traffic volume, and various mechanical components
like sewage pumping station and wastewater treatment facility. Various meteorological parameters and effect of land use and
land cover on noise attenuation are also considered in the model. In this way, commutative noise prediction for point as well
as mobile sources has been presented in the study. GIS-based noise simulation has been calibrated with observed noise levels
during day and night time with correlation of 0.84 and 0.74, respectively. 相似文献
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针对我国当前广泛使用的2种高速公路噪声预测模型《06规范》预测模型与《09导则》预测模型在预测时比较研究,重点利用环境现状监测数据分别对2种模型验证与对比分析.结果表明,2种模型预测值与实测值相差3dB ~5dB,车流量> 300辆/h,《09导则》更接近实测值;在夜间车流量<300辆/h,《06规范》更接近实测值,2种模型结合采用《06规范》计算的车速,距离衰减考虑车流量的大小,在此基础上应用《09导则》,预测结果与实测值更为接近. 相似文献
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