周生贤发表讲话:改革生态环境保护管理体制

正《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)提出,紧紧围绕建设美丽中国深化生态文明体制改革,加快建立生态文明制度,健全国土空间开发、资源节约利用、生态环境保护的体制机制,并对改革生态环境保护管理体制作出了具体部署。这对于进一步加强生态环境保护、大力推进生态文明建设具有重大作用。改革生态环境保护管理体制的重大意义保护环境是我国的一项基本国策。进入新世纪以来,党中央、国务院把保护环境摆在更加重要的位置,积极探索环境保护新路,大力推进生态文明建设,环境保护取得了很大成绩。但是,我国环境形势依然严峻,老的环境问题尚未得到解决,新的环境问题又不断出现,呈现明显的结构型、压缩型、复合型特征,环境质量与人民群众期待还有不     

信息动态

环境保护部党组书记、部长周生贤近日在主持召开部党组扩大会议,传达学习党的十八届四中全会精神和全会《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》时强调,面临新的形势和新的要求,我们要科学认识、主动适应、积极应对我国生态文明建设和环境保护的新常态.这是在准确把握我国经济社会发展阶段性特征基础上作出的科学判断,对于指导我国生态文明建设和环境保护,具有重大而深远的理论和现实意义.     

环境资源市场配置在浙江省的实践与探索

全面总结了浙江省污染物排放总量管理和市场配置环境资源试点的主要实践措施(包括创新构建总量管理和激励制度、全面构建市场配置环境资源制度、探索建立协同管理和交易机制和深入推进监管执法机制建设)和实施成效(包括市场倒逼污染减排、促进经济转型升级、市场拓宽融资渠道、提升环境管理水平和增强生态环境保护意识),提出了完善环境资源市场配置模式总体设想,为全面推进中国环境资源市场配置实践提供借鉴。     

国家级流域水环境保护总体规划一般模式研究

流域综合水管理是发达国家普遍采用的管理模式,主要手段之一是制定流域水环境保护总体规划.流域水环境保护总体规划是流域各相关利益方就流域社会经济发展与水环境保护达成的决策,是其他所有规划制定的基础和依据,核心内容是规划目标的确定.流域水环境保护总体规划是流域综合管理的决策平台和信息共享平台,是环境保护的刚性约束,为流域水资源开发利用划定红线.流域水环境保护总体规划是目标导向型的,通过指标体系指导省级行政区负责制定的小流域水环境保护规划,协调流域内省级行政区国民经济和社会发展规划、土地利用总体规划、城市总体规划等其他部门规划.中国目前缺乏流域水环境保护总体规划,基于此提出了国家级流域水环境保护总体规划的一般模式,包括基本内容、规划文本和规划实施3个部分.流域水环境保护总体规划实施的主要手段是审批小流域水环境保护规划.     

改革面临的选择—对环境保护目标责任制的思考

环境保护目标责任制以新旧管理体制的兼容性适应现阶段经济体制和政治体制改革的状况,是环境保护管理体制现实性的改革道路。环境保护目标责任制以建立保障环境质量目标的决策行为方式,从环境保护责任约束机制、完善全社会环境管理制度等方面构造环境管理机制,从而改造了现行的环境管理体制。环境保护目标责任制尚处于初始阶段,面临着不断深化完善的任务。     

台州市大力实施"生态优市"战略,生态环境质量明显改善

台州是一座经济社会迅速发展的新兴城市.但是,由于历史性、结构性和体制性原因,生态环境也曾付出了沉重的代价,群众反响强烈.近年来,台州市委、市政府高度重视生态建设和环境保护工作,2007年6月,市委召开三届八次全体(扩大)会议专题研究部署生态市建设,明确提出实施"生态优市"战略,把生态建设和环境保护工作摆上了更加突出的战略位置.通过几年来的努力,台州市各项环保工作实现新的突破,生态环境质量明显改善.     

开拓进取勇于创新努力开创“十五”环保工作新局面

“九五”以来,浙江省环境保护事业进入了一个 崭新的发展时期,可持续发展作为一项重大战略。贯穿于经济和社会发展的各个领域。以解决流域、区域和城市环境问题为重点的大规模污染防治工作面全展开;结合经济结合调整,淘汰了一大批 技术落后、资源浪费、污染环境的小型企业 ;“ 一控制双达标”各项任务的完成,为全省实施“碧水、蓝天、绿色”三大环保工程打下了坚实的基础;生态示范区的建设促进了各地经济和社会的发展。经过5年努力,全省环境污染和生态破坏坏加剧的趋势得到了基本控制,部分城市和地区的环境质量有所改善,全省环境质量在经济总量年均增长10％以上的情况下总体上保持稳定,环境保护 工作取得了较大进展,实现了“九五”环境保护 计划所确定的主要目标任务,为全省经济持续、快速、健康发展作出了积极的贡献。同时,我们还要看到环境形势 依据严峻,工作中仍有不足之处。工业结构性污染未根本解决,生活和农业农村面源污染突出,局部区域和流域污染严重,城市环境基础设施建设滞后,环境保护机构薄弱,环保投入仍然不足,一些地方领导和干部的思想观点落后,不能适应形势和生产力发展的要求。     

主动适应生态文明建设和环保新常态(节选)

正环境保护部党组书记、部长周生贤近日在主持召开部党组扩大会议,传达学习党的十八届四中全会精神和全会《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》时强调,面临新的形势和新的要求,我们要科学认识、主动适应、积极应对我国生态文明建设和环境保护的新常态。这是在准确把握我国经济社会发展阶段性特征基础上作出的科学判断,对于指导我国生态文     

国家重大环保工程项目管理的研究进展

自"八五"规划实施以来,我国重大环保工程计划经历了起步探索、"三废"治理、总量减排、质量改善等4个发展阶段,在重大环保工程的发展过程中,其管理模式、技术应用、项目投融资均得到持续改进和发展。环保重大工程管理经历了以实施过程监管为主、以项目前期储备为主、以环境质量改善和绩效为导向的3种模式。工程技术应用逐渐呈现出多污染物协同控制、全过程污染防控、区域流域综合治理、跨领域技术融合创新等4个特点。在环保投融资方面,社会资本投入日趋占据主导地位,环保资金分配逐渐以环境质量效果为导向,绿色金融创新为环境保护带来了新突破。未来重大环保工程将以改善环境质量和公众健康为出发点,技术发展将面向资源化和可持续性,重大工程实施与城市开发经营相融合,依效付费机制成为项目管理主流模式。     

环境保护系统数据共享管理机制研究与实践

环境保护系统数据共享管理机制对于集中整合环保系统数据资源、提升环保系统数据共享水平具有重要意义。基于对国内外现有环保系统数据共享管理发展趋势分析,设计了环保系统数据共享管理流程,并提出一套数据共享管理制度体系架构。将该管理机制试点应用于环境保护部信息中心数据共享管理,结果表明所设计的数据共享管理流程具有技术可行性,并验证了减排综合数据库对部省两级数据共享服务的技术支撑能力。     

Optimization of Height of Release of Air Pollutants

A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO₂ removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion     

Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds

This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies).     

次氯酸钠发生器的研制

介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠     

Estimation of uncertainty of sampling for analysis of pesticide residues

Abstract

A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits.     

扬中生态环境建设的思考与实践

结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足，进行了具体分析，对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的策划

在实施ISO／IEC 17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核策划阶段的关键环节，提出审核范围确定、审核计划和抽样方案制订的质量控制要求，为有序高效地实施内部审核提供了技术方法。     

Comparison of methods for evaluation of activity of photocatalytic films

Objective

This work aims to investigate the correlation between the photocatalytic activity determined by methylene blue bleaching (DIN 52980), stearic acid degradation, and degradation of acetone in gas phase.

Method

The photocatalytic TiO₂ coatings included in this investigation ranged from thin commercially available coatings (Activ^TM and BioClean^TM) and ready to use suspensions (Nano-X PK1245) to lab-produced PVD and sol?Cgel coatings. XRD analysis of the photocatalytic coatings showed that all the coatings consisted of nanocrystalline anatase, although the thickness and porosity varied considerably.

Results

The study showed that the reproducibility of the activity measurements was good. However, more importantly, the investigation showed that there is a good correlation between the activities determined by the different methods even though the characteristics of the photocatalytic coatings and the organic probe molecules varied considerably.

Conclusion

The overall findings of this work suggest that there is a good correlation between the investigated methods. These results are promising for the future work concerning standardization of methods for determination of the activity of photocatalytic films.     

Impact of overexploitation of shellfish: northeastern coast of India

India has a very extensive coastline of about 7515 km, rich in diverse living resources. These resources continue to deteriorate with rampant harvesting or are altered for other uses such as aquaculture and fisheries. The present paper deals with degrading coastal habitats in northeastern India, and projects the intensity of the stress arising from the collection of tiger prawn seeds (Penaeus monodon) for aquacultural farms and molluskan shells for poultry feed and edible lime. Indiscriminate exploitation of these resources leads to a heavy reduction of the species concerned and other associated marine communities. The magnitude of such destruction has been quantified. The impacts of biodiversity loss and their after-effects on the ecobalance of this coastal system have become a matter of great concern to ecologists to maintain security and sustainability. The authors propose a public awareness program on themes relating to the importance of biodiversity for human livelihoods.     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实施

在实施ISO／IEC17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节，提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法，对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。