水解酸化—铁炭微电解—好氧生化工艺处理印染废水

采用水解酸化-铁炭微电解-好氧生化工艺对印染废水进行了处理.COD为3 000～4 000 mg/L、BOD5为750～1 000 mg/L、色度为500～600倍、NH3-N为30～40 mg/L、SS为200～300 mg/L、pH为6～10的印染废水,经该工艺处理,后出水达到了<纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准>(GB 4287-92)的一级标准.运行结果表明,该工艺具有运行稳定、管理简单等优点.     

Experimental research of dyeing and printing wastewater treatment by flocculation-MBR combined technology

采用絮凝—膜生物反应器(MBR)组合工艺进行印染废水处理的试验研究.结果表明,调节pH至8.5、搅拌时间为30min时,COD和色度去除效果最佳；而单纯絮凝工艺对印染废水处理效果不理想,最佳运行条件为64 mg/L NaOH+75 mg/L饱和石灰水+0.2 mg/L聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)+3 mg/L硅酸钠+8 mg/L聚合氯化铝(PAC),COD和NH3-N平均去除率分别达到23.91％、31.17％.在上述最佳运行条件下,采用絮凝—MBR组合工艺处理印染废水,效果较显著；出水COD均值可达42.2mg/L,其平均去除率为91.62％;出水NH3-N均值可达6.26 mg/L,其平均去除率为92.43％,出水水质可达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准.     

接触氧化-人工湿地去除印染废水中的COD

采用絮凝沉淀＋接触氧化＋人工湿地工艺处理印染废水中COD研究.结果表明,斜板沉淀池出水COD平均值为1322 mg/L,此间COD去除率为38.6%;二沉池出水COD平均值为71 mg/L,此段COD去除率达94.6%;人工湿地出水COD平均值为37 mg/L,人工湿地COD去除率为48.0%.处理设施COD总去除率98.3%.     

常规组合工艺-稳定塘-湿地系统处理印染废水

针对工业园区印染企业产生的印染废水和生活污水,采用独特的"常规组合工艺与‘植物稳定塘-人工湿地系统’联合工艺"对其进行集中统一处理,并考察了运行效果。数据结果表明,系统出水COD、BOD5、SS、色度、NH3-N和TP平均分别为63.2 mg/L、13.8 mg/L、5.0 mg/L、49倍、0.2 mg/L和0.4 mg/L,出水水质达到国家污水综合排放一级标准(GB8978-1996)。该工艺运行稳定,可有效去除废水中的COD、SS和色度,去除率均在90%以上。按日均处理量4×104m3计算,此工艺每年将削减COD排放近30万t。     

臭氧-曝气生物滤池处理酸性玫瑰红染料废水

在实验室配制含酸性玫瑰红染料的印染废水,采用臭氧氧化-曝气生物滤池工艺开展处理试验.试验运行结果表明,臭氧氧化处理能提高模拟废水的可生化性,BOD/COD值由原水的0.18上升到0.36.经组合工艺处理后出水COD＜40 mg/L,色度40倍以下,SS约50 mg/L,处理效果良好.     

混凝-生物接触氧化-臭氧氧化工艺对印染废水处理特性评价

评价了大塘污水处理厂混凝-生物接触氧化-臭氧氧化工艺对印染废水的处理特性,分析处理过程中COD、色度的去除规律。结果表明:混凝-生物接触氧化-臭氧氧化工艺出水COD浓度最优水平值(TPSs-3.84%)为18.7 mg/L,中间水平浓度(TPSs-50%)为45 mg/L,COD浓度保证值(TPSs-95%)为62.7 mg/L,优于排放标准;工艺出水色度最优水平值(TPSs-3.84%)为10倍,中间水平浓度(TPSs-50%)为40倍,出水保证值(TPSs-95%)为45倍。其中,臭氧氧化在印染废水出水COD和色度的深度处理中发挥重要作用,将出水COD达标保障率由原来的91%提高到100%、出水色度的达标保障率由0%提高到90%。     

毛毯印染废水处理技术研究

本文采用投菌水解(酸化)--接触氯化法处理毛毯印染废水.试验表明该工艺流程简单,处理效果好,出水水质稳定.当进水CODc在480～750mg/L范围变化时,出水CODDc稳定在100mg/L以下.其中,水解池对色度有较好的去除效果,同时可提高后续接触氧化池的处理效率;而CODc的去除则主要在接触氧化池进行.     

混凝—水解酸化—好氧工艺处理印染废水的设计与运行

采用混凝-水解酸化-好氧工艺处理印染废水,设计规模3000m3/d.当进水C0D在571～1752 mg/L时,处理后的出水可达国家<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996),主要污染物ρ(C0D)＜100mg/L.     

接触氧化-人工湿地去除印染废水中的COD

采用絮凝沉淀+接触氧化+人工湿地工艺处理印染废水中COD研究。结果表明,斜板沉淀池出水COD平均值为1322mg/L,此间COD去除率为38·6%;二沉池出水COD平均值为71mg/L,此段COD去除率达94·6%;人工湿地出水COD平均值为37mg/L,人工湿地COD去除率为48·0%。处理设施COD总去除率98·3%。     

气浮-SBR-滤池工艺处理制药废水

采用气浮-SBR-滤池工艺处理制药废水.运行结果表明,该工艺处理效果稳定,耐冲击负荷能力高,不会发生污泥膨胀同题.出水COD≤100 mg/L,BOD5≤30 mg/L,SS≤70 mg/L,达到<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)一级标准.而且该工艺运行费用较低,操作简单,易于维护.     

Optimization of Height of Release of Air Pollutants

A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO₂ removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion     

Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds

This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies).     

次氯酸钠发生器的研制

介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠     

Estimation of uncertainty of sampling for analysis of pesticide residues

Abstract

A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits.     

扬中生态环境建设的思考与实践

结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足，进行了具体分析，对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的策划

在实施ISO／IEC 17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核策划阶段的关键环节，提出审核范围确定、审核计划和抽样方案制订的质量控制要求，为有序高效地实施内部审核提供了技术方法。     

Comparison of methods for evaluation of activity of photocatalytic films

Objective

This work aims to investigate the correlation between the photocatalytic activity determined by methylene blue bleaching (DIN 52980), stearic acid degradation, and degradation of acetone in gas phase.

Method

The photocatalytic TiO₂ coatings included in this investigation ranged from thin commercially available coatings (Activ^TM and BioClean^TM) and ready to use suspensions (Nano-X PK1245) to lab-produced PVD and sol?Cgel coatings. XRD analysis of the photocatalytic coatings showed that all the coatings consisted of nanocrystalline anatase, although the thickness and porosity varied considerably.

Results

The study showed that the reproducibility of the activity measurements was good. However, more importantly, the investigation showed that there is a good correlation between the activities determined by the different methods even though the characteristics of the photocatalytic coatings and the organic probe molecules varied considerably.

Conclusion

The overall findings of this work suggest that there is a good correlation between the investigated methods. These results are promising for the future work concerning standardization of methods for determination of the activity of photocatalytic films.     

Impact of overexploitation of shellfish: northeastern coast of India

India has a very extensive coastline of about 7515 km, rich in diverse living resources. These resources continue to deteriorate with rampant harvesting or are altered for other uses such as aquaculture and fisheries. The present paper deals with degrading coastal habitats in northeastern India, and projects the intensity of the stress arising from the collection of tiger prawn seeds (Penaeus monodon) for aquacultural farms and molluskan shells for poultry feed and edible lime. Indiscriminate exploitation of these resources leads to a heavy reduction of the species concerned and other associated marine communities. The magnitude of such destruction has been quantified. The impacts of biodiversity loss and their after-effects on the ecobalance of this coastal system have become a matter of great concern to ecologists to maintain security and sustainability. The authors propose a public awareness program on themes relating to the importance of biodiversity for human livelihoods.     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实施

在实施ISO／IEC17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节，提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法，对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。