High phosphate removal using La(OH)3 loaded chitosan based composites and mechanistic study

Our present study was to prepare a biomass-supported adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity and high selectivity to prevent the accelerated eutrophication in water body. To this end, different metal hydroxide (La, Zr and Fe) first was successfully loaded on chitosan microspheres. Then the quaternary ammonium group with different content was introduced into the adsorbent by polymerization. By comparison of adsorption properties, chitosan-La(OH)₃-quaternary ammonium-20% (CS-La-N-20%) has strong adsorption to phosphate (160 mg/g) by immobilizing nano-sized La(OH)₃ within a quaternary-aminated chitosan and it maintain high adsorption in the presence of salt ions. The pH results indicated that the CS-La-N-20% would effectively sequestrate phosphate over a wide pH range between 3 and 7 without significant La³⁺ leaching. What's more, adsorption capacity on the introduce of positively charged quanternary-aminated groups was significantly higher than that of the unmodified adsorbents at alkaline conditions. The column adsorption capacity reached 1300 bed volumes (BV) when phosphate concentration decreased until 0.5 mg/L at 6 BV/hr. The column adsorption/desorption reveals that no significant capacity loss is observed, indicating excellent stability and repeated use property. Characterizations revealed that phosphate adsorption on CS-La-N-20% through ligand exchange (impregnated nano-La(OH)₃) and electrostatic attraction (positively charged quanternary-aminated groups). All the results suggested that CS-La-N-20% can serve as a promising adsorbent for preferable phosphate removal in realistic application.     

Construction of MoS2 nanoarrays and MoO3 nanobelts: Two efficient adsorbents for removal of Pb（Ⅱ）, Au（Ⅲ） and Methylene Blue

Toxic heavy metal ions, valuable noble metal ions and organic dyes are significant concerns in wastewater treatment. In this work, MoO₃ nanobelts（MoO₃ NBs） prepared by solvothermal method and MoS₂ nanoarrays（Mo S₂ NAs） constructed using MoO₃NBs precursor were proposed to effectively remove heavy/noble metal ions and organic dyes, such as Pb^（Ⅱ）, Au^（Ⅲ）and Methylene Blue（MB）. The two adsorbents exhibited the excellent adso...     

锚定金属离子-螯合物的介孔硅除磷性能研究

采用3种介孔硅分子筛制备了锚定金属离子-螯合物的介孔硅吸附剂。系统研究了硅分子筛、螯合剂、金属离子和吸附时间等因素对吸附剂磷吸附性能的影响。结果表明,硅分子筛、螯合物和金属离子对吸附剂的磷吸附性能有显著的影响,其对介孔硅吸附剂磷吸附量影响的顺序分别为:SBA15>MCM41>MCM48,Fe-SH-MCM41<相似文献   

几种水合金属氧化物的磷酸根吸附性能

利用简单的碱沉淀法制备不同的水合金属氧化物,并对所得七种水合金属氧化物的磷酸根吸附等温线进行了系统的探讨比较.研究表明,25℃条件下,Al、Fe、Ni、Cu和Ce的水合金属氧化物对磷酸根的吸附最符合Langmuir线性吸附方程,而水合氧化锌和水合氧化钴吸附剂最符合线性等温线模型.所有这七种水合金属氧化物对磷酸根的吸附都...     

Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)铁氧体工艺原位处理PVA废水及其沉淀物回收利用

为了评价Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺对PVA（聚乙烯醇）废水处理的可行性,采用Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺原位处理PVA模拟废水,考察不同作用时间、总铁投加量、初始ρ（PVA）和废水硬度对该工艺处理效果的影响.利用XRD（X射线衍射）、FT-IR（傅里叶转换红外光谱）、BET比表面积、VSM（磁滞回线测试）对沉淀物进行表征,解析该工艺原位处理PVA模拟废水的主要机理,并以该工艺沉淀物为吸附剂,通过锑吸附试验,探讨该工艺沉淀物的回用性.结果表明:①Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺对PVA模拟废水具有良好的处理能力,初始ρ（PVA）为1 000 mg/L时,该工艺在20 min以内即可达到80%以上的去除率,并且基本没有金属铁的残余,该工艺对PVA的去除率随总铁投加量的增加而提高且基本不受水体硬度影响. ②在Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺对PVA的原位去除过程中,PVA作为一种反应物参与沉淀物Fe₃O₄的生成,并促进纳米Fe₃O₄比表面积增大,最终形成一种类似于凝胶的Fe₃O₄聚合物. ③Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺可高效处理模拟PVA-MB（亚甲基蓝）染料废水.对于含有100 mg/L MB（亚甲基蓝三水）和500 mg/L PVA的混合溶液,MB和COD_Cr去除率在1 min时分别达到97.37%和89.47%.沉淀物通过磁分离、乙醇和水清洗后,在水中浸出的ρ（TOC）和ρ（COD_Cr）很低,分别为0.86和2 mg/L,可作为吸附剂直接使用,得益于其具有较高的比表面积,对金属锑的拟合吸附量可达71.94 mg/g. ④Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺具有一定的实际应用价值.对东莞某实际印染废水处理5 min,COD_Cr和染料的去除率分别为85.71%和98.98%.研究显示,Fe（Ⅲ）/Fe（Ⅱ）铁氧体工艺可高效去除PVA,沉淀物为易回收的磁性Fe₃O₄,可作为吸附剂直接使用.      

聚烯丙基氯化铵调控的中空多孔磷酸八钙超结构及其对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附特性

环境友好、价格低廉且易于批量化生产的矿物基吸附剂在环境污染物去除方面越来越显现出其优越性,但以往的研究多集中于晶相的矿物吸附剂,有关亚稳相的研究相对较少.因此,本文通过仿生矿化的方法,以聚烯丙基氯化铵（PAH）作为生长调节剂,在气相扩散过程中成功制备了由超薄纳米片构筑的中空、多孔磷酸八钙（Octacalcium Phosphate,OCP）微球.结果发现,制备的吸附剂具有较高的比表面积和孔隙率,且高分辨电镜图片显示其具有一定的非晶纳米区域,并对重金属离子Pb（II）表现出优越的吸附特性.吸附实验证明,OCP/PAH对Pb（Ⅱ）的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级吸附动力学模型,最高吸附量可达1644.74 mg·g^-1.该亚稳相矿物吸附剂出色的重金属吸附性能,为开发新型矿物吸附剂提供了新思路.     

吸附法去除水中抗生素研究进展

随着社会经济的快速发展,抗生素被越来越多地应用于生产生活中,抗生素污染已成为亟须解决的环境问题。吸附法是一种去除抗生素简单、高效、经济的方法。综述了环境领域应用较为广泛的抗生素吸附材料,主要包括碳材料、矿物材料、金属骨架材料及水凝胶、气凝胶、磁性纳米材料、分子印迹材料等新型材料等,并比较了这些吸附材料各自的优缺点。同时,对利用吸附法去除抗生素的机理和吸附动力学行为进行了讨论。综合评价吸附材料的二次污染及环境风险,开发吸附材料的回收利用和安全处置方法,是未来吸附材料研发的重点。     

Pb(Ⅱ) biosorption using chitosan and chitosan derivatives beads: Equilibrium,ion exchange and mechanism studies

The study examined the adsorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads. Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of Pb(II) ions such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage and different initial concentration of Pb(II) ions were evaluated. The mechanism involved during the adsorption process was explored based on ion exchange study and using spectroscopic techniques. The adsorption capacities obtained based on non-linear Langmuir isotherm for ch...     

吸附法处理重金属废水研究进展

对吸附法处理重金属废水的研究进展进行了综述,包括吸附机理、影响吸附的相关因素和常用吸附剂及其应用,同时展望了吸附法处理重金属废水的发展方向。     

针铁矿改性生物炭的制备及对Cr (Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

在不同热解温度及原料配比条件下,采用水解共沉淀方法制备针铁矿改性生物炭材料（GMB）,借助SEM-EDS、XRD、FTIR、XPS进行表征,并进行Cr （Ⅵ）吸附实验,探究吸附性能和机理。结果表明:1）经改性后生物炭表面生成了羟基氧化铁（FeOOH）,吸附能力有大幅提升;2）热解温度为600℃,生物炭与Fe （NO₃）₃·9H₂O的质量比为1:12时制备的GMB600-12表现出最佳吸附性能,最大吸附容量为20.67 mg/g;3）准二级动力学揭示Cr （Ⅵ）的吸附以化学吸附为主,Langmuir和Freundlich模型都能很好地描述GMB对Cr （Ⅵ）的吸附特征;4） XPS的结果进一步表明GMB去除水溶液中Cr （Ⅵ）是氧化还原和表面吸附协同作用的结果。     

Insight into the adsorption of tetracycline onto amino and amino–Fe functionalized mesoporous silica: Effect of functionalized groups

In order to study the influences of functionalized groups onto the adsorption of tetracycline (TC), we prepared a series of amino and amino–Fe^3 + complex mesoporous silica adsorbents with diverse content of amino and Fe^3 + groups (named N,N-SBA15 and Fe-N,N-SBA15). The resulting mesoporous silica adsorbents were fully characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms. Furthermore, the effects of functionalized groups on the removal of TC were investigated. The results showed that the periodic ordered structure of SBA-15 was maintained after modification of amino/Fe^3 + groups. The functionalized amino groups decreased the adsorption capacity while the coordinated Fe^3 + increased the adsorption capacity. The adsorption kinetics of TC fitted pseudo-second-order model well and the equilibrium was achieved quickly. The adsorption isotherms fitted the Langmuir model well and with the Fe^3 + content increased from 3.93% to 8.26%, the Q_max of the adsorbents increased from 102 to 188 mmol/kg. The solution pH affected the adsorption of TC onto amino complex adsorbents slightly while influenced the adsorption onto Fe-amine complex adsorbents greatly. The adsorption of TC on SBA15 and N,N-SBA15 may be related to the formation of outer-sphere surface complexes, while the adsorption of TC onto Fe-N,N-SBA15 was mainly attributed to the inner-sphere surface complexes. This study could offer potential materials that have excellent adsorption behavior for environmental remediation and suggested useful information for the preparing other adsorbents in environmental applications.     

改性水稻生物炭对水体中Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附

采用铁、锰对水稻秸秆生物质碳（BC）进行改性,将制备所得的锰改性生物碳（Mn-BC）和铁锰改性生物碳（Fe-Mn-BC）作为吸附剂,用于对水中Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附实验.通过全自动比表面积及孔隙度分析仪（BET）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对吸附剂的表面性质进行研究,在吸附最佳pH值和投加量条件下开展等温吸附、动力学吸附及体系共存阴离子影响实验,探究改性生物炭的再生吸附能力,最后利用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）探究Mn-BC和Fe-Mn-BC对Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附机理.结果表明：改性生物炭具有更大的比表面积及总孔容积.BC在pH值为2,Mn-BC和Fe-Mn-BC在pH值为4,投加量为2.5g/L,25℃条件下,BC、Mn-BC和Fe-Mn-BC的最大吸附量分别为5.08,11.45,29.45mg/g.BC对Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附主要为物理吸附,Mn-BC和Fe-Mn-BC对Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附为化学兼具物理吸附.Mn-BC吸附Sb （Ⅲ）受F^-、HCO₃^-和H₂PO₄^-的影响较大,Fe-Mn-BC对Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附基本不受离子类型和离子强度的干扰.Fe-Mn-BC较Mn-BC具有更突出的吸附再生能力和重复利用性.Mn-BC和Fe-Mn-BC对Sb （Ⅲ）的吸附过程,先是氧化反应将大部分的Sb （Ⅲ）氧化为Sb （Ⅴ）,再通过酸性条件下明显的静电作用,Sb （Ⅴ）与负载于Mn-BC上的Mn和Fe-Mn-BC上的Fe/Mn分别形成较为稳定的内层络合物Mn-O-Sb和Fe-O-Sb-Mn.此外,改性生物炭的官能基团-OH、C=O、N-H在吸附作用中也发挥着重要作用.     

制备方法对铁钛复合氧化物磷吸附性能的影响:共沉淀法与机械物理混合法

为了研究制备方法对金属复合氧化物表面性质与吸附性能的影响,本文分别采用共沉淀法与机械物理混合法制备了铁钛复合氧化物CFe-Ti与MFe-Ti.采用SEM、BET、XRD与FTIR等表征技术,研究了两种铁钛复合氧化物CFe-Ti与MFe-Ti的形貌结构、比表面积、表面羟基浓度等表面特性;通过批式吸附实验,考察了其磷吸附性能.结果表明,与纯的氧化物Fe OOH及TiO_2相比,共沉淀法制备的CFe-Ti纳米颗粒更疏松,孔结构更发达,表面羟基浓度更高,CFe-Ti的最大磷吸附容量达40.6mg·g~(-1),高于纯Fe OOH(27.2 mg·g~(-1))与TiO_2(16.7 mg·g~(-1)),分别为其1.5倍和2.4倍,展示了显著的协同效应.而MFe-Ti的形貌结构和表面性质与Fe OOH及TiO_2相比变化不大,其磷最大吸附容量为22.7 mg·g~(-1),不仅明显低于CFe-Ti,且低于纯Fe OOH,表明未产生协同效应.研究也表明,磷在CFe-Ti与MFe-Ti表面的吸附性质未发生变化,均通过形成内层表面络合物而发生了化学吸附.因此,金属复合氧化物的表面性质和吸附性能与其制备方法密切相关,与机械物理混合法相比,共沉淀法是一种更为简单经济制备高效能铁钛复合氧化物磷吸附剂的方法.     

Development of metal organic fromwork-199 immobilized zeolite foam for adsorption of common indoor VOCs

Reticulated foam shaped adsorbents are more efficient for the removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs),particularly from low VOC-concentration indoor air streams. In this study composite structure of zeolite and metal organic frameworks(MOFs),referred as ZMF,has been fabricated by immobilization of fine MOF-199 powder on foam shaped Zeolite Socony Mobil-5(ZSM-5)Zeolitic structure,referred as ZF. The ZMF possess a uniform and well-dispersed coating of MOF-199 on the porous framework of ZF. It shows higher surface area,pore volume,and VOCs adsorption capacity,as compared to ZF-structure.Post-fabrication changes in selective adsorption properties of ZMF were studied with three common indoor VOCs(benzene,n-hexane,and cyclohexane),using gravimetric adsorption technique. The adsorption capacity of ZMF with different VOCs follow the order of benzene n-hexane cyclohexane. In comparison with MOF-199 and ZF,the composite structure ZMF shows improvement in selectivity for benzene from other two VOCs. Further,improvement in efficiency and stability of prepared ZMF was found to be associated with its high MOF loading capacity and unique morphological and structural properties. The developed composite structure with improved VOCs removal and recyclability could be a promising material for small to limited scale air pollution treatment units.     

Asenic removal from groundwater using granular chitosan-titanium adsorbent

Arsenic(As) contamination poses an urgent environmental risk, and its removal from groundwater remains a challenge due to the lack of efficient adsorbents. Herein, a novel granular chitosan-titanium(CS-Ti) adsorbent was fabricated by the sol-gel method. Batch experiments show that As(V) adsorption on CS-Ti followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Freundlich model with the correlation coefficient of 0.99. In situ FTIR spectra revealed that the C...     

Preparation of porous adsorbent via Pickering emulsion template for water treatment: A review

Porous materials as emerging potential adsorbents have received much more attention because they are capable of capturing various pollutants with fast adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and excellent reusability. In order to prepare porous materials with decent porous structure, Pickering emulsion template method has been proved to be one of the most effective technologies to create pore structure. This paper reviewed comprehensively the latest research progress on the preparation of porous materials from various Pickering emulsions and their applications in the decontamination of pollutants (e.g., heavy metal ions, organic pollutants) and in the oil/water separation. It was expected that the summaries and discussions in this review will provide insights into the design and fabrication of new efficient porous adsorbents, and also give us a better understanding of the subject.     

Pb(Ⅱ) biosorption using chitosan and chitosan derivatives beads: Equilibrium, ion exchange and mechamsm studies

The study examined the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution onto chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads.Several important parameters influencing the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage and different initial concentration of Pb(Ⅱ) ions were evaluated. The mechanism involved during the adsorption process was explored based on ion exchange study and using spectroscopic techniques. The adsorption capacities obtained based on non-linear Langmuir isotherm for chitosan, chitosan-GLA and chitosan-alginate beads in single metal system were 34.98, 14.24 and 60.27 mg/g, respectively. However,the adsorption capacity of Pb(Ⅱ) ions were reduced in the binary metal system due to the competitive adsorption between Pb(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) ions. Based on the ion exchange study, the release of Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+), K~+ and Na~+ ions played an important role in the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) ions by all three adsorbents but only at lower concentrations of Pb(Ⅱ) ions. Infrared spectra showed that the binding between Pb(Ⅱ) ions and the adsorbents involved mostly the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. All three adsorbents showed satisfactory adsorption capacities and can be considered as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solutions.     

Adsorptive removal of iron and manganese ions from aqueous solutions with microporous chitosan/polyethylene glycol blend membrane

Microporous chitosan (CS) membranes were directly prepared by extraction of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) from CS/PEG blend membrane and were examined for iron and manganese ions removal from aqueous solutions. The different variables affecting the adsorption capacity of the membranes such as contact time, pH of the sorption medium, and initial metal ion concentration in the feed solution were investigated on a batch adsorption basis. The affinity of CS/PEG blend membrane to adsorb Fe(II) ions is higher than that of Mn(II) ions, with adsorption equilibrium achieved after 60 min for Fe(II) and Mn(II) ions. By increasing CS/PEG ratio in the blend membrane the adsorption capacity of metal ions increased. Among all parameters, pH has the most significant effect on the adsorption capacity, particularly in the range of 2.9-5.9. The increase in CS/PEG ratio was found to enhance the adsorption capacity of the membranes. The effects of initial concentration of metal ions on the extent of metal ions removal were investigated in detail. The experimental data were better fitted to Freundlich equation than Langmuir. In addition, it was found that the iron and manganese ions adsorbed on the membranes can be effectively desorbed in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution (up to 98% desorption efficiency) and the blend membranes can be reused almost without loss of the adsorption capacity for iron and manganese ions.     

水合氧化镧吸附除磷的试验研究

以开发新型高效除磷吸附剂材料为目的,以金属水合氧化物MeH(metal hydrate)为试验对象,对所选材料进行了吸附除磷性能评价.通过对多种水合金属氧化物吸附除磷性能的比较研究,发现水合氧化镧LaH(lan-thanum hydrate)具有优异的除磷吸附容量,其吸附容量大约为参照物粉末活性氧化铝的十几倍.该吸附剂的吸附容量随pH值变化显著,在pH=3附近达最大值;吸附等温线较符合Langmuir方程;进行了抗无机阴离子干扰能力测试,给出了干扰离子的影响顺序;该吸附剂对正磷酸根的去除性能优越,但对聚磷酸根的去除效果不理想.试验结果表明,水合氧化镧在平衡吸附容量、pH适应范围等方面与参照物活性氧化铝相比较,具有优异的性能.     

Evaluation of zeolites synthesized from fly ash as potential adsorbents for wastewater containing heavy metals

Both pure-form zeolites (zeolites A and X) were synthesized by applying a two-stage method during hydrothermal treatment of fly ash prepared initial gel. The difference of adsorption capacity of both fly ash-synthesized zeolits was assessed under the same adsorption conditions. Copper and zinc were chosen as target heavy metal ions. It was found that adsorption capacity of zeolite A showed much higher value than that of zeolite X. Thus, attention was focused on investigating the removal performance of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution on the synthetic pure-form zeolite A from fly ash, zeolite HS (hydroxyl-solidate) prepared from the residual fly ash (after synthesis of pure-form zeolite A from fly ash) and a commercial grade zeolite A. Batch method was employed to study the influential parameters such as initial pH value, adsorbents dosage and adsorption temperature on the adsorption process. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model and showed the affinity: Cu2+ > Zn2+ (adsorbent FA-ZA). The removal mechanism of metal ions followed adsorption and ion exchange processes. Attempts were also made to recover heavy metal ions and regenerate adsorbents (adsorbent FA-ZA).