杨树沟泥石流形成环境条件及防治对策

杨树沟曾经发生过3次泥石流,威胁主沟下游村庄、道路,属于易发泥石流沟,具有局部降雨强度高的气象水文条件,主沟狭长、支沟多的地形地貌环境条件,以及山坡两侧和沟底丰富的物源条件等特点。通过分析泥石流区段冲於特征和基本参数,提出对该泥石流沟的防治对策是"上游拦挡"与"下游排导防护"相结合。上游拦挡工程主要为设置拦挡坝,下游对原有防护堤进行加高、加长,将物源进行导流处理,以防止上游来水直冲居民聚居区。     

水电站特大型弃渣场水土保持措施设计研究——以俄德西沟特大型弃渣场为例

西南土石山区水电工程的建设具有弃渣场选址困难、弃渣量大等特点,电站工程建设过程中如何防治弃渣场的水土流失是整个水电站工程水土流失治理工作的重点和难点,弃渣场区水土流失防治措施的设计直接关系到整个渣场水土流失防治工作的成败。以叶巴滩水电站俄德西沟弃渣场为例,通过分析本渣场泥石流防治工程、拦挡工程以及排洪工程防护标准和等级,对本渣场泥石流防治措施和水土保持措施进行了设计。     

茨榆山乡上窝铺泥石流灾害特征及防治对策

秦皇岛北部山区泥石流地质灾害隐患威胁着当地居民的生命财产安全,严重阻碍了乡村经济的快速发展。以青龙满族自治县茨榆山乡上窝铺泥石流为例,通过实地调查与数据分析,确定了泥石流成因、类型、活动状况、危害性、危险区范围;获取了泥石流流体重度规律、泥石流流速、泥石流流量、一次性固体冲出物主要力学参数特征;根据泥石流的特点及主要参数,提出监测预警方案及工程治理方案。     

秦皇岛市泥石流发育特征及防治措施

近年来,随着社会经济的发展,人类工程活动频繁,泥石流地质灾害在我市每年新增灾害中占有相当大的比重,严重威胁着人民的生命财产安全。秦皇岛市泥石流主要发育在北部低山丘陵区,规模小,危害大。通过对泥石流发育特征的研究,阐明其形成条件与地形、地质环境、植被和降雨等因素的关系,并据此提出了群测群防,加强采矿活动正确管理、工程治理等防治措施。     

重点项目监管如何不再“灯下黑”

正日前,一个"海南省重点建设项目"——"南山某学院及配套项目",被指未批先建严重破坏生态,媒体披露后在业内引发热议。该项目"开工一年仍未获环保手续和施工许可",涉嫌未批先建;占用国家二级公益林"先砍后批";开山毁林建造道路引发泥石流致个别景点被埋和损毁,对所在景区植被和生态产生破坏。没有纳入城市总规划(其中包括《三亚市热带海滨风景名胜总体规划》),也违反了《三亚市土地利用总体规划》和《三亚市林地保护利用     

宁夏马东山西麓泥石流及其运动特征

宁夏马东山西麓泥石流是西北干旱地区典型的山麓沟谷泥石流群，形成的泥石流群堆积物呈叠瓦状分布。采用野外调查采集数据，对泥石流动力学参数进行计算，是近年来泥石流群定量研究的方向。本文从研究泥石流形成条件人手，进而计算了泥石流的动力学参数，对引水工程的危害及防治对策进行了论述。     

油气终端环境风险潜势分析

2019年3月1日起施行的HJ 169-2018《建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》相对于原评价导则,在修订中增加了环境风险潜势初判内容,改进了评价工作等级划分方法。针对导则的新要求,以海洋油气开发工程中配建的陆上油气终端为例,划分了该建设项目环境风险潜势,对物质危险性进行识别,进行危险物质及工艺系统危险性分级,对大气、地下水、地表水环境敏感特征进行分析,得出环境敏感特征分析结果。据此,得出终端工程环境风险潜势判定结果。对此类项目的环境风险评价具有实际指导意义。     

青海省治多县地质灾害及防治措施

治多县高寒缺氧,空气稀薄,自然条件严酷,环境恶劣。受脆弱的地质环境条件,特定的地形、地貌条件和灾害性天气及人类工程活动制约,县域内以泥石流、崩塌、冻胀融沉为主的地质灾害多发、频发,对致灾区内人民生命财产安全构成严重危害。通过对治多县地质灾害发育类型与发育特征的分析,提出了对泥石流、崩塌、冻胀融沉为主的地质灾害预防及治理的各项具体措施。     

垃圾分类我先行

<正>青岛北仲路第一小学本着"绿色创城我先行"这一宗旨,率先开展了垃圾分类进校园活动,推出了"三动一建"垃圾分类创建活动。近年来,青岛北仲路第一小学本着"绿色创城我先行"这一宗旨,率先开展了垃圾分类进校园活动,推出了"三动一建"垃圾分类创建活动,即以"教育一个学生,带动一个家庭,携动一个楼座,创建一方社区",注重"垃圾分类,从娃娃抓起"。通过践行三个链接,即"垃圾分类我先行与主题活动相链接,与课程实施相链接,与     

玛沁县大武镇北山血陇沟泥石流灾害发育特征及其防治建议

青海省玛沁县大武镇北山血陇沟于2010年7月发生泥石流灾害,造成下游河源新村、日进村近150户家庭出现不同程度的损失,部分单位房屋围墙倒塌,泥石流灾害造成的直接经济损失达320余万元,危害性较大。在此背景下,文章在对泥石流形成的地质环境进行详细调查的基础上,分析了其发育特征,取得了其动力学参数,提出了相应的防治建议,为泥石流治理提供一定的参考。     

EFFECT OF WOODY DEBRIS ENTRAPMENT ON FLOW RESISTANCE1

ABSTRACT: Recent environmental concerns in floodplain management have stimulated research of the effect vegetation and debris have on flow conveyance, and their function in a productive riparian ecosystem. Although the effect of stable, in-channel woody debris formations on flow resistance has been noted by several authors, studies concerning entrapment of detrital debris in vegetation are lacking. Logs, limbs, branches, leaves and other debris transported during flooding often become lodged against bridges, hydraulic structures, trees and vegetation, and other obstacles, particularly in and near the overbank areas. Hydraulic measurements obtained in a channel prior to and following the removal of woody debris indicated that the average Manning's n value was 39 percent greater when woody debris was present. An examination of the drag-velocity relation for vegetation indicated that an increase in the frontal area of debris and/or vegetation results in a nearly proportional increase in Manning's n. The influence of debris on flow resistance decreased as flow depth increased.     

Empirical assessment of debris flow risk on a regional scale in Yunnan province,southwestern China

Adopting the definition suggested by the United Nations, a risk model for regional debris flow assessment is presented. Risk is defined as the product of hazard and vulnerability, both of which are necessary for evaluation. A Multiple-Factor Composite Assessment Model is developed for quantifying regional debris flow hazard by taking into account eight variables that contribute to debris flow magnitude and its frequency of occurrence. Vulnerability is a measure of the potential total losses. On a regional scale, it can be measured by the fixed asset, gross domestic product, land resources, population density, as well as the age, education, and wealth of the inhabitants. A nonlinear power-function assessment model that accounts for these indexes is developed. As a case study, the model is applied to compute the hazard, vulnerability and risk for each prefecture of the Yunnan province in southwestern China.     

DEBRIS FLOWS THROUGH DIFFERENT FOREST AGE CLASSES IN THE CENTRAL OREGON COAST RANGE1

ABSTRACT: Debris flows in the Pacific Northwest can play a major role in routing sediment and wood stored on hillslopes and in first‐through third‐order channels and delivering it to higher‐order channels. Field surveys following a large regional storm event investigated 53 debris flows in the central Oregon Coast Range to determine relationships among debris flow characteristics and the age class of the surrounding forest. The volume of sediment and wood delivered by debris flows was strongly correlated with runout length. Debris flows that initiated at roads were significantly longer than nonroad related failures, and road related landslides were an order of magnitude larger than nonroad related landslides. Clearcuts and roads tended to have more numerous contributing landslides relative to second growth and mature forests. No statistically significant difference in the average debris flow runout length was detected among the forest age classes, although debris flows initiating in clearcuts and mixed forest and at roads occasionally supported extremely long runout lengths that were outside the range of variability observed in completely forested basins. The size of wood in deposits was not correlated with the size of trees on the adjacent slopes, suggesting that the majority of wood in debris flow deposits was from remobilization of wood previously stored in low order channels.     

北戴河历史风貌建筑的保护与利用

结合北戴河近代建筑保护规划研究,从建筑特点、街区布局特色、建筑生存环境、保护性利用实施策略等几方面,探讨了历史风貌建筑的保护规划与更新利用的基本思路和方法。     

绿色管理在榆林气田的实践和应用

作为一种全新的管理理念和模式,绿色管理已成为现代企业管理的重要组成部分。多年来,中国石油长庆油田公司第二采气厂以实现"科技、绿色、和谐"大气田为目标,在气田建设生产过程中始终坚持"保护环境、创造和谐"的环境保护方针,通过学习先进环境管理经验,实施和推行绿色管理,并不断探索和创新,环境保护工作取得了良好的绩效。     

震后某工号建渣及土壤样品中铀的分析测定

采用激光荧光法对"5.12"地震后某工号建筑垃圾和土壤样品进行了铀的测定。方法检出下限D.L≤3×10-11g/mL,相对标准偏差RSD为7.4%,回收率达到86%~109%。对实验数据进行了分析和初步评价,结果表明,该工号所测样品铀含量基本处于天然本底水平。     

突发事件对西藏入境旅游影响评估与响应机制研究

突发事件对入境旅游的影响成已为旅游业界和学术界重点关注。通过构建BP神经网络模型,利用西藏2005—2010年月入境旅游人次统计数据,评估了2008年拉萨＂3.14＂突发事件对西藏入境旅游的影响。根据突发事件发展经历爆发期、持续期、扩展期和消退期四个阶段,构建突发事件响应机制,为西藏建设世界重要旅游目的地提供重要参考。