共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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砷的毒性及其环境卫生标准 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
砷广泛分布于自然界,而且是一种重要的环境污染物,国内外曾多次发生过砷中毒事件。本文主要报道了砷的毒性,特别是致癌性,致突变性和致畸性,同时介绍了各国砷的现行环境卫生标准。 相似文献
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成都地区典型土壤与农作物中砷含量研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
成都地区土壤和农作物中砷污染研究资料不多,本文以成都地区7类典型土壤和该土壤上生长的10余种常见农作物中的砷含量为研究对象,通过对监测数据的整理、分析,应用正态分布、方差分析、线性相关检验等方法对土壤和农作物中砷的分布规律以及两者的关系进行了比较详尽的分析和研究,并对比了国内相关研究结果,说明了成都地区土壤和农作物中砷污染的规律和相关性。 相似文献
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煤中砷及燃煤固砷技术研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对煤中砷的含量、分布、赋存状态等地球化学特征进行了综述,分析了煤炭燃烧过程中砷的迁移转化行为与释放特性,指出煤中砷的燃烧释放不仅与砷的物理化学性质有关,更取决于煤中的浓度、赋存状态及燃烧工况等因素。进一步讨论了天然钙基材料燃煤固砷技术及燃煤砷污染控制的研究现状。 相似文献
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文章概述了含砷废水的产生及其处理方法,重点介绍了国内外研究报道较少的活性污泥法,以引起人们对这一有效除砷方法的重视。通过总结活性污泥法除砷的研究进展,探讨了活性污泥除砷的机理和影响因素,并提出今后要从活性污泥法除砷的机理、除砷工艺、及含砷废渣处理三方面开展研究,以促进该方法的应用。 相似文献
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土壤-植物系统中磷和砷相互作用关系的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
砷元素导致的环境污染问题日益突出,施磷已成为植物修复砷污染土壤过程中必要强化措施之一。土壤-植物系统中磷和砷的相互作用关系是非常复杂的,研究表明:磷和砷在土壤中往往是共生的,但又存在竞争吸附关系;磷和砷在不同植物中的相互作用关系主要有拮抗效应和协同效应;有必要通过分子生物学手段对磷和砷表达基理进行深入研究,获得对砷具有超积累能力的植株。 相似文献
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樊智虹 《国外农业环境保护》2009,(4):76-80
介绍了连续流动-氢化物发生-原子荧光测定水中砷的方法,研究了盐酸酸度、硼氢化钾浓度、灯电流、光电倍增管负高压、泵速、载气和屏蔽气流量等对测定砷的影响,找出测定水中砷的最佳条件。本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点。 相似文献
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当前,我国矿山环境问题突出。重点分析了矿山开采环境问题的特殊性,这些特殊性包括矿业对地域区位的依赖性、破坏的大量不确定性以及不可逆性。根据特殊性,讨论了环境经济学的适用性。不确定问题转化为确定性问题或者风险问题依赖于技术层面学科(如矿山环境影响评价和矿山环境地质学等)的支撑。最后指出随着这些技术学科的发展,矿山环境问题就会更精确地纳入成本——效益分析框架,从而发挥更大的作用。 相似文献
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We examine the control of air pollution caused by households burning wood for heating and cooking in the developing world. Since the problem is one of controlling emissions from nonpoint sources, regulations are likely to be directed at household choices of wood consumption and combustion technologies. Moreover, these choices are subtractions from, or contributions to, the pure public good of air quality. Consequently, the efficient policy design is not independent of the distribution of household income. Since it is unrealistic to assume that environmental authorities can make lump sum income transfers part of control policies, efficient control of air pollution caused by wood consumption entails a higher tax on wood consumption and a higher subsidy for more efficient combustion technologies for higher income households. Among other difficulties, implementing a policy to promote the adoption of cleaner combustion technologies must overcome the seemingly paradoxical result that efficient control calls for higher technology subsidies for higher income households. 相似文献
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有机溶剂回收技术的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对有机溶剂的回收方法,如吸附法、吸收法、冷凝法和膜分离法等的研究进展与应用进行了综述。其中,吸附法在工业上的应用最为广泛,本文着重介绍了吸附法的工艺以及吸附剂的研究。而膜分离法作为最有发展前景的一种回收方法,主要问题为提高膜的通量和选择性。 相似文献
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回用锅炉的热采稠油采出水软化工艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对我国热采稠油油田所面临的采出水处理难的问题,对国内外热采稠油采出水的处理方法进行了广泛、深入、全面的调查研究。着重介绍了热采采出水作注汽锅炉给水的各种软化工艺及处理方法。 相似文献
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Tamerlan Srymbetov Albina Jetybayeva Dinara Dikhanbayeva Luis Rojas-Solórzano 《Natural resources forum》2023,47(1):87-113
Drinking water scarcity is becoming an urgent problem worldwide, and it affects developing and developed countries alike. Kazakhstan is not an exception and has its primary sources of drinking water (groundwater, rivers, and lakes) continuously depleted and polluted; moreover, the country will be close to its exploitation limits within the following decades. However, modern technologies allow us to harvest drinking water from unintegrated sources, like the atmosphere. Therefore, it is crucial to research which non-conventional technologies can be used to obtain drinking water from unintegrated sources for the country, considering the cost, viability of use through the year, and local climate conditions. Thus, the present assessment was performed for the 14 demographic regions in Kazakhstan and two city-states, and a map depicting the most feasible technology for each region is presented, including their levelized cost per liter. Seven mature technologies were found to be feasible in Kazakhstani year-round climates. However, Air AW3 technology and Artificial Glaciers (AG) were the most cost-effective for family-size and village-size solutions, respectively. The water provided via utility pipelines proved to be the most cost-effective manner, when available, to supply drinking water at a family-size scale, but found a less expensive competitor in the AG technology for village-size solutions. Moreover, the lack of utility water pipelines in some Kazakhstani regions, principally countryside rural areas, makes it vital to deploy and implement these alternative water-harvesting technologies to guarantee the future water security of these regions. 相似文献