基于锂电池环境试验设备的安全性试验研究

结合锂电池燃烧爆炸特性,对带有压力释放装置、电池温度监测预警模块、以快速降温为原理的灭火装置的锂电池环境试验设备设计了压力释放装置动作测试、灭火装置灭火、电池爆炸试验等多项安全性试验方法,并给出了结果判定。可为锂电池环境试验设备等防爆泄压型设备的研发测试提供参考。     

VR眼镜电磁兼容和安全测试方法研究

介绍了VR眼镜产品的特点。将现有的电磁兼容、锂电池、听力安全等国内外标准应用于VR眼镜产品的测试中,评估目前VR眼镜产品存在的质量安全风险。     

不确定度评定对电动自行车用锂电池放电容量判定结果影响研究

放电容量是评估电动自行车用锂电池电性能的重要指标。本文根据相关国家标准对电动自行车用锂电池放电容量进行测试，分析检测过程中可能因设备、电流、时间等因素产生的测量不确定度，并建立测量不确定度与实际应用相结合的符合性判定模型，分析不确定度评定对电动自行车锂电池放电容量符合性判定的影响。更好地保障检测结果的可靠性、准确性。     

振动试验在包装测试中的应用

主要通过对产品包装和运输包装测试的介绍,引出振动试验在包装测试中的应用,并对其重要作用、试验方法和参数确定等相关问题进行了探讨。     

中国电器院牵头研讨民航业标准《锂电池航空运输测试规划》

近日，南中国电器科学研究院有限公司承办的民航业标准《锂电池航空运输测试规划》研讨会在广州隆重召开。会议重点围绕依据联合国UN38，3最新标准制定的我国铎电池航空运输测试方法及锂电池货物航空运输条件鉴定要素等内容进行了深入的探讨。     

新闻资讯

正重庆建成动力锂电池可靠性测试评价基地近日,在重庆市应用开发计划项目的支持下,重庆市汽车检测中心有限公司建成动力锂电池系统环境可靠性测试评价基地。据了解,该基地可开展高低温环境、湿度环境、振动环境等单项或复合试验,振动最大推力达10 t,振动频率范围在2~2 500 Hz,温湿度范围为-60℃~150℃、10%~98%RH,可满足开发新能源汽车所需的零部件可     

设备运输振动试验方法探讨

本文详细介绍了设备运输试验的情况与方法要求和方法，提出了对我国运输试验的建议和意见，可以作为设计和安排运输试验的参考与借鉴。     

制定室内模拟运输试验条件的一种方法

介绍了制定室内模拟运输试验条件的一种技术方法。以运输距离、运输速度及路面等级给出的运输环境条件可以采用空间频率功率谱密度（PSD）描述，进而获得以时间频率PSD描述的室内模拟运输试验条件。文中还分析了确定的路面等级的空间频率PSD的波动以及运输速度对于室内模拟运输试验条件量级的影响，结果表明：相同的运输环境条件，其室内模拟运输试验条件振动量级可以具有的波动范围；相同的路面等级，运输速度与试验条件振动量级成正比。工程应用中可以针对不同产品的设计要求来剪裁使用。     

双台振动技术在运输试验中的应用

为考核航天器在运输环境下的环境适应性，依据双台振动控制原理，设计并搭建了双台振动试验系统。以大尺寸、大质量产品为试验对象，开展了双台运输振动试验技术研究。研究了不同相干系数、相位参数设置对试验结果的影响，并对比分析了各工况下的加速度时间历程曲线。研究结果对大型航天器运输振动试验的实施具有参考意义。     

基于二项分布的测试性试验方案优化设计与评估

测试性验证试验的目的是验证产品是否满足设计指标要求，以故障注入为手段，模拟相应的故障模式，通过规定的故障注入方法进行实际测试，并对产生的结果进行判断是否满足设计指标的要求。为提高测试性试验的一次通过率，降低测试性试验经费和试验时间，提出了基于二项分布的测试性试验方案优化设计与评估方法。实现了已知置信度、单侧置信下限、不能检测的故障个数条件下，求解测试性试验中的“最小样本量”的问题。可以对测试性试验进行提前预判，解决了一定约束条件下测试性试验最小样本量的求解及单侧置信下限评估问题。通过GUIDE人机对话框，不仅交互界面直观，而且极大提高了测试性验证评估的效率和准确性。     

Packaged dangerous goods washed on to beaches of england and wales

Summary The safety hazards arising from accidental losses of packaged dangerous goods from ships have been identified by government departments and inter-governmental organizations. In the last decade at least 80 people in southern England have been advised to seek precautionary medical examination or treatment following exposure to the contents of packages washed ashore.A questionnaire survey in which coastal local authorities participated, collected data showing the types and quantities of packaged dangerous goods recovered on beaches in England and Wales. A total of 254 packages was reported; 131 containing dangerous goods listed in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. Only 8 percent of these packages carried both hazard warning and substance identification markings in accordance with the Code. The most dangerous substances included 842l of ether and a small quantity of acetaldehyde. The local authorities concerned had received very few advance warnings of dangerous deck cargo losses, although an International Maritime Organization (IMO) cargo loss reporting scheme was in operation during the survey period.A revision of existing regulations governing the carriage of packaged dangerous goods by sea is recommended including improvements in marking and labelling standards, mandatory reporting of losses at sea and the establishment of a convention on liability and compensation arrangements.Trevor Dixon is Senior Lecturer in Environmental Studies at Buckinghamshire College of Higher Education and Director of the Keep Britain Tidy Group, Marine Litter Research Programme. Tim' Dixon, the second author, is employed by The Nature Conservancy Council at 17, Rubislaw Terrace, Aberdeen AB1 1XE, UK.     

Lithium availability in the EU27 for battery-driven vehicles: The impact of recycling and substitution on the confrontation between supply and demand until2050

The adverse impacts of climate change are widely recognized as well as the importance of the mitigation of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Battery driven vehicles are expected to have a bright future, since GHG emissions can be reduced. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries appear to be the most promising, due to their high energy density. Recently, the discussion concerning adequate lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃) resources is resolved. The current challenge is the needed increase in flow rate of Li₂CO₃ into society to foresee in forecasted demand. This research determines ten factors which influence the availability of Li-ion batteries for the EU27 in the coming decades. They are used in a system dynamics analysis. The results of this research show that undersupply can be expected in the EU27 until 2045 somewhere between 0.5 Mt and 2.8 Mt. Substitution of Li₂CO₃ in other end-use markets and recycling can relieve the strain on Li₂CO₃ supply to some extent. In 2050, 20% of the vehicle fleet in the EU27 can be battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The lack of resources in the EU27 and the geographical distribution of lithium in politically sensitive areas suggest that the shares of lithium available for the EU27 will be less than assumed in this research. The increase in flow rate shows to be the bottle-neck for a transition to (partly) battery driven vehicles in the EU27, at least when Li-ion batteries are used. Focusing on large-scale application of BEVs with Li-ion batteries in order to substantially mitigate CO₂ emissions in transport is a futile campaign.     

废弃电池能否进入废弃电器电子产品处理目录(第二批)管理的筛选评估分析

2009年2月,国务院发布《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》,成为我国废弃电器电子产品回收处理的纲领性文件。在《废弃电器电子产品处理目录(第一批)》中,明确将电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机、房间空调器、微型计算机等5种产品纳入第一批目录。同时,为了为了能够及时、客观地与经济发展、技术进步以及电器电子产品行业的发展变化等相适应,《目录》管理委员会起草了《制订和调整废弃电器电子产品处理目录的若干规定》,明确随着经济发展变化及电子产品废弃形势调整电器电子产品处理目录的原则。废弃电池在近几年来在我国增长速度很大,将来的管理形势十分紧迫。本文在此分析我国几种废弃电池(铅酸电池、镍氢电池及锂电池)的产生量、再生处理处置情况及管理政策导向。并在目录一批筛选原则的基础上利用权重分析法,筛选评估废弃电池能否进入废弃电器电子产品处理目录(第二批)管理的可能,研究显示铅酸电池已具备进入管理目录的资质。     

Li-ion battery recycling and cobalt flow analysis in Japan

Batteries sometimes contain precious or toxic substances (e.g. nickel, cobalt, lead, mercury, cadmium). However, the collection and recycling rate of small batteries were low in Japan.We focus on cobalt in lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries and conduct chemical analysis, questioner survey and flow analysis in Japan.Results of chemical analysis showed that the concentration of cobalt in Li-ion batteries was around 20% regardless of the year manufactured or the manufacturer. As a result of the consumer questionnaire survey, it became clear that 70% or more of the small batteries are not being removed when small electronic products are finally disposed. The survey also revealed that recognition of the law and system for collection and recycling of small rechargeable batteries is approximately 30–40%. Substance flow analysis showed that both production and demand for Li-ion batteries (cobalt) have increased during 2002–2010. The collection rate for used Li-ion batteries was about 10% during this period; uncollected batteries were either stored or disposed through incineration and landfill as municipal solid waste.     

Implications for the carrying capacity of lithium reserve in China

China is a major supplier of rechargeable lithium batteries for the world's consumer electronics (CE) and electric vehicles (EV). Consequently, China's domestic lithium resources are being rapidly depleted, and the development of the CE and EV industries will be vulnerable to the carrying capacity of China's lithium reserves. Here we find that lithium demand in China will increase significantly due to the continuing growth of demand for CE and the briskly emerging market for EV, resulting in a short carrying duration of lithium, even with full recycling of end-of-life lithium products. With these applications increasing at an annual rate of 7%, the carrying duration of lithium reserves will oblige the end-of-life products recycling with a 90% rate. To sustain the lithium industry, one approach would be to develop the collection system and recycling technology of lithium-containing waste for closed-loop lithium recycling, and other future endeavors should include developing the low-lithium battery and optimizing lithium industrial structure.     

VRLA蓄电池和胶体密封铅酸蓄电池的运输安全性能

本文通过振动、压差、高温和跌落试验,考察VRLA蓄电池和胶体密封铅酸蓄电池(简称:胶体电池)的外形变化和电解液泄漏情况,并对VRLA蓄电池和胶体电池的运输安全性能和运输管理方式进行了分析和探讨.     

液货危险品码头的安全与防治污染管理对策

液货（液体化工）危险品码头的安全与污染防治管理水平直接关系到港口、码头、水域和周围环境的安全。本文结合日照港的实际，对日照港口安全管理状况调查和分析，找出了港口安全管理存在的主要问题是安全管理机构、法规、人员等方面存在缺陷，提出对该类码头的安全管理与污染防治对策，从而为港口安全有效管理提供决策依据。     

At the 50th anniversary of the UN

This paper describes how the design by the UN of its institutions for delivering technical assistance and advisory services in respect of mineral resources development have changed over time. UN practices in such fields as mining and minerals development are analysed, as are the gradual and subtle impacts of such practices on changes in UN perceptions of its roles not only in development but also in peace and human rights. The final section examines some of the problems that will confront the UN in the future, as it seeks to incorporate the principles of interdependence and interlinkage among development, peace and human rights into its technical assistance and advisory services in the field of mining and minerals development .     

电驱动道路车辆 动力锂离子电池的试验和要求

本文介绍了电驱动道路车辆动力锂离子电池的试验和要求.是环境试验、电性能试验、安全性试验等专题介绍的第一篇.供实验室和相关产品的供需方参考.