Polystyrene nanoplastics affect growth and microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa

Nanoplastics are widely distributed in freshwater environments, but few studies have addressed their effects on freshwater algae, especially on harmful algae. In this study, the effects of polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics on Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) growth, as well as microcystin (MC) production and release, were investigated over the whole growth period. The results show that PS nanoplastics caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa growth and a dose-dependent increase in the aggregation rate peaking at 60.16% and 46.34%, respectively, when the PS nanoplastic concentration was 100 mg/L. This caused significant growth of M. aeruginosa with a specific growth rate up to 0.41 d^?1 (50 mg/L PS nanoplastics). After a brief period of rapid growth, the tested algal cells steadily grew. In addition, the increase in PS nanoplastics concentration promoted the production and release of MC. When the PS nanoplastic concentration was 100 mg/L, the content of the intracellular (intra-) and extracellular (extra-) MC increased to 199.1 and 166.5 μg/L, respectively, on day 26, which was 31.4% and 31.1% higher, respectively, than the control. Our results provide insights into the action mechanism of nanoplastics on harmful algae and the potential risks to freshwater environments.

     

Soil-plant nitrogen isotope composition and nitrogen cycling after biochar applications

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biochar has strong potential to improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in both agricultural and horticultural systems. Biochar is usually co-applied with...     

Pseudomonas sp. ZXY-1, a newly isolated and highly efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium, and optimization of biodegradation using response surface methodology

Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, is increasing the agricultural production effectively, while also causing great environmental concern. Efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium is necessary to removal atrazine rapidly to keep a safe environment. In the present study, a new atrazine-degrading strain ZXY-1, identified as Pseudomonas, was isolated. This new isolated strain has a strong ability to biodegrade atrazine with a high efficiency of 9.09 mg/L/hr.Temperature, p H, inoculum size and initial atrazine concentration were examined to further optimize the degradation of atrazine, and the synthetic effect of these factors were investigated by the response surface methodology. With a high quadratic polynomial mathematical model(R~2= 0.9821) being obtained, the highest biodegradation efficiency of 19.03 mg/L/hr was reached compared to previous reports under the optimal conditions(30.71°C, pH 7.14, 4.23%(V/V) inoculum size and 157.1 mg/L initial atrazine concentration).Overall, this study provided an efficient bacterium and approach that could be potentially useful for the bioremediation of wastewater containing atrazine.     

75t/h燃煤锅炉汞迁移转化规律研究

通过对2台75 t/h循环流化床锅炉烟气中汞排放浓度、燃煤和其他固体副产物中的汞含量进行测试,分析了燃煤大气汞的排放因子,并建立了燃煤汞的质量平衡。结果表明:燃煤锅炉中,大部分汞主要存在于烟气和脱硫副产物中,燃烧后进入炉渣、飞灰中的汞含量较少,低于5%。燃煤汞排放去向与脱硫除尘控制技术有关,不同控制技术协同除汞的效果差异较大,而单质汞是燃煤锅炉汞污染防治的重点和难点。     

Quantifying public health benefits of environmental strategy of PM2.5 air quality management in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

In 2013,China issued "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(Action Plan)" to improve air quality.To assess the benefits of this program in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region,where the density of population and emissions vary greatly,we simulated the air quality benefit based on Ben MAP to satisfy the Action Plan.In this study,we estimate PM_(2.5) concentration using Voronoi spatial interpolation method on a grid with a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km~2.Combined with the exposure-response function between PM_(2.5) concentration and health endpoints,health effects of PM_(2.5) exposure are analyzed.The economic loss is assessed by using the willingness to pay(WTP) method and human capital(HC) method.When the PM_(2.5) concentration falls by 25% in BTH and reached 60 μg/m~3 in Beijing,the avoiding deaths will be in the range of 3175 to 14051 based on different functions each year.Of the estimated mortality attributable to all causes,3117 annual deaths were due to lung cancer,1924 – 6318 annual deaths were due to cardiovascular,and343 – 1697 annual deaths were due to respiratory.Based on WTP,the estimated monetary values for the avoided cases of all cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,respiratory mortality and lung cancer ranged from 1110 to 29632,673 to 13325,120 to 3579,1091 to 6574 million yuan,respectively.Based on HC,the corresponding values for the avoided cases of these four mortalities were 267 to 1178,161 to 529,29 to 143 and 261 million yuan,respectively.     

黄、东海海域浒苔时空分布变化特征研究

选取黄海、东海海域为研究区域,以MODIS遥感影像数据为数据源,计算了研究区的比值植被指数,利用动态阈值分割和ArcGIS空间分析方法获取了2008~2015年浒苔发生初期空间分布特点、漂移路径、空间分布和聚集度变化特征等信息。结果表明:1）浒苔最初于五月中旬到六月上旬期间出现在江苏盐城市北部和长江口附近海域。2）随着浒苔的生长和爆发,浒苔均会先向西北漂移至苏北外海海域,然后再进入黄海。其漂移路径具有明显的年际变化特征。3）在生长过程中,浒苔斑块空间分布状态整体由南向北生长、汇聚和扩张,少部分年份会出现整体漂移现象。4）进入治理期后,覆盖密度不断减小直至浒苔完全消失。通过该研究可以更好地了解浒苔灾害发生和发展规律,为其有效治理提供技术支持。     

机场飞行区员工无礼行为和工作投入与安全绩效的关系研究

为探讨无礼行为对机场工作人员安全工作的影响,以机场飞行区员工为研究对象,论证了工作场所无礼行为和工作投入与安全绩效之间的关系。统计分析结果表明:无礼行为对安全绩效有显著负向影响,其中孤立疏远和闲言碎语维度对安全情景绩效有显著负向影响,隐私侵犯和孤立疏远维度对安全任务绩效有显著负向影响;工作投入对安全绩效有显著正向影响,其中活力和奉献维度对安全情景绩效有显著正向影响,活力和专注维度对安全任务绩效有显著影响;工作投入在无礼行为与安全绩效之间起到部分中介作用。基于研究结论,对机场安全管理提出了一些可行建议,对于优化机场管理具有一定的启示。     

酸性水储罐安全性研究

为预防酸性水储罐气相空间闪爆事故的发生,取样分析了某炼厂酸性水罐气相空间组成,根据气相组成配制了3种混合可燃气体,利用5 L爆炸极限测试仪测定了混合可燃气体在不同氧含量条件下的爆炸极限,根据爆炸极限数据计算出3种混合可燃气体的极限氧含量。结果表明:随着体系中氧含量增加,爆炸上限明显升高,爆炸下限无明显变化;烃类物质含量高时,混合可燃气体的爆炸上下限均降低,爆炸极限宽度变小;硫化氢和氢气含量高时,混合可燃气体爆炸上下限均升高,爆炸极限宽度变大;3种气相组成的极限氧含量分别为:8.1%、9.9%和10.3%,为防止罐顶气相组成发生闪爆,建议氧含量浓度控制在4%以内,当氧含量浓度到达5%时建议启动氮气联锁进行惰化和稀释。     

兰州市废旧手机产生量预测分析研究

手机普及率日益提高,随之产生的废弃量也日益增多,分别采用时间梯度模型、市场供给A模型、斯坦福(stanford)模型对兰州市2013年-2022年废旧手机的产生量进行了预测.结果显示,不同模型预测结果之间存在较大差异,市场供给A模型和斯坦福(Stanford)模型的预测结果比较接近,均大于时间梯度模型的预测结果,三种模型预测的兰州市2022年废旧手机的产生量分别为40.40万、46.67万和21.04万部.总体上看,兰州市废旧手机的产生量增长趋势较快.     

综合水质标识指数法在海拉尔河水质评价中的应用研究

水质评价是水环境治理的重要基础性工作.水质综合标识指数法涵盖了综合水质类别、定量污染程度、水环境功能区达标等信息,是将定性与定量评价相结合,能够对综合水质做出合理的解释,不会因个别指标导致过分评价.研究将海拉尔河划分为3个控制单元,根据2003年-2012年水质监测数据,采用综合水质标识指数法识别各控制单元主要污染因子,并分析海拉尔河水质时空变化规律.研究结果表明海拉尔河从上游至下游综合水质标识指数逐渐升高,上游水质较好,中游和下游主要污染指标为高锰酸盐指数和COD.2003年-2012年,海拉尔河高锰酸钾指数、BOD5、氨氮和总磷的污染减轻,化学需氧量污染略微减轻但仍存在超标风险.