柱色谱法批量分离N-甲基-2-(3-硝基苯基)吡咯烷[3’,4’:1,2][60]富勒烯研究

经C60、N-甲基甘氨酸和间硝基苯甲醛反应得到N-甲基-2-(3-硝基苯基)吡咯烷[3′,4′∶1,2][60]富勒烯(MNPF)反应液,旋转蒸发干燥得质量分数为23%的MNPF粗品,采用柱色谱法批量分离其中的MNPF。确定了柱色谱法批量分离MNPF的最佳工艺条件:二硫化碳为流动相,柱层析用硅胶(37~48μm)为固定相,色谱柱直径5cm,高径比为6∶1,最大上样量为23 g。此时分离所得MNPF纯度达99%,回收率为92.3%。     

山东景津环保设备有限公司

山东景津环保设备有限公司(原景津压滤机集团有限公司)是规格全、产量大的压滤机专业制造商、销售商和服务商,负责全国分离机械标准起草和修订工作,压滤机及滤板国家标准的主起草人,国家火炬计划重点高新技术企业。压滤机类产品被国家有关部门认定为"中国驰名商标";"景津"商标取得了马德里     

华重楼内生菌Iun35的分离及其抗菌蛋白的性质

从华重楼(Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis)块茎中分离纯化得到一株具有较强抑菌活性的内生细菌Iun35,经形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).将分离得到的Iun35菌株发酵培养,培养液上清经硫酸铵分级沉淀、Sephadex G-75凝胶柱层析和DEAE-32纤维素柱层析分离纯化出一种抗菌蛋白UD35.用该蛋白对多种植物病原菌进行拮抗测定,结果显示,UD35对玉米纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kuha)、小麦赤霉病菌[Gibberelle zeae(Schw.)]等多种菌有强烈抑制作用.测定其相对分子质量约为55 000,氨基酸分析结果表明其由17种氨基酸组成.图3表4参16     

螯合萃取分离富集原子吸收法测定海水中Cr(Ⅲ)、Cr(Ⅵ)和总铬

建立了以吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)为络合剂、甲基异丁基酮(MIBK)为萃取剂,用原子吸收光谱法测定海水中Cr(III)、Cr(VI)和总铬的方法。实验最优条件是pH 2.0~5.0,APDC浓度为2%、用量1~5 mL。研究结果显示,该方法适用的线性范围宽,根据Cr浓度可采用石墨炉或火焰原子吸收法测定;相对标准偏差5%~1 2%,回收率85%~102%。该方法操作简单,测定结果准确可靠,适合在实际应用中大力推广。     

Degradation of dichloromethane by an isolated strain Pandoraea pnomenusa and its performance in a biotrickling filter

A strain Pandoraea pnomenusa LX-1 that uses dichloromethane(DCM) as sole carbon and energy source has been isolated and identified in our laboratory. The optimum aerobic biodegradation of DCM in batch culture was evaluated by response surface methodology. Maximum biodegradation(5.35 mg/(L·hr)) was achieved under cultivation at 32.8°C, pH 7.3, and 0.66% NaCl. The growth and biodegradation processes were well fitted by Haldane's kinetic model, yielding maximum specific growth and degradation rates of 0.133 hr-1and 0.856 hr-1, respectively. The microorganism efficiently degraded a mixture of DCM and coexisting components(benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene). The carbon recovery(52.80%–94.59%) indicated that the targets were predominantly mineralized and incorporated into cell materials. Electron acceptors increased the DCM biodegradation rate in the following order: mixed oxygen iron sulfate nitrate. The highest dechlorination rate was 0.365 mg Cl-/(hr·mg biomass), obtained in the presence of mixed electron acceptors. Removal was achieved in a continuous biotrickling filter at 56%–85% efficiency, with a mineralization rate of 75.2%. Molecular biology techniques revealed the predominant strain as P. pnomenusa LX-1. These results clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of strain LX-1 in treating DCM-containing industrial effluents. As such, the strain is a strong candidate for remediation of DCM coexisting with other organic compounds.     

一株高效微生物絮凝剂产生菌的筛选与絮凝条件优化

从江西南昌赣江底泥中初筛分离出3株产絮凝剂的微生物菌株,复筛得到1株具有较高絮凝活性的絮凝剂产生菌,将其命名为A2。经过生理生化特征分析,初步将菌株A2鉴定为杆状细菌。试验结果表明,菌株A2对高岭土悬浮液的最佳絮凝生长条件是:碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为硫酸铵,pH值为7.5,温度为32℃左右。在最佳絮凝条件下,1%絮凝剂投加量对4%高岭土悬浮液的絮凝率达到88.7%。菌株A2具有较好的生物絮凝研究价值和应用前景。     

A comparative study of biopolymers and alum in the separation and recovery of pulp fibres from paper mill effluent by flocculation

Recovery of cellulose fibres from paper mill effluent has been studied using common polysacchatides or biopolymers such as Guar gum, Xanthan gum and Locust bean gum as flocculent. Guar gum is commonly used in sizing paper and routinely used in paper making. The results have been compared with the performance of alum, which is a common coagulant and a key ingredient of the paper industry. Guar gum recovered about 3.86 mg/L of fibre and was most effective among the biopolyrners. Settling velocity distribution curves demonstrated that Guar gum was able to settle the fibres faster than the other biopolymers; however, alum displayed the highest particle removal rate than all the biopolymers at any of the settling velocities. Alum, Guar gum, Xanthan gum and Locust bean gum removed 97.46%, 94.68%, 92.39% and 92.46% turbidity of raw effluent at a settling velocity of 0.5 cm/min, respectively. The conditions for obtaining the lowest sludge volume index such as pH, dose and mixing speed were optimised for guar gum which was the most effective among the biopolymers. Response surface methodology was used to design all experiments, and an optimum operational setting was proposed. The test results indicate similar performance of alum and Guar gum in terms of fioc settling velocities and sludge volume index. Since Guar gum is a plant derived natural substance, it is environmentally benign and offers a green treatment option to the paper mills for pulp recycling.     

餐厨油水垃圾无害分离系统的设计及实验研究

设计了一种新型的一体化餐厨垃圾分离回收利用系统连续压缩餐厨垃圾、回收潲水油脂。餐厨垃圾挤出的残余潲水经过管式超滤膜组件分离系统循环浓缩,固体小颗粒聚集沉底,乳化油滴逐渐破乳团聚后经导油轮汇集进入导油槽,分离出的水澄清。经过该系统处理后的餐厨垃圾体积压缩70%以上,排出水质达到排放标准,没有异味,深度回收潲水残油。该系统的推广应用对改善我国垃圾堆积如山、异味污染环境具有十分重要的作用。     

可移动式土壤淋洗机研制

目前,土壤污染日益严重,影响了土壤的生态结构性和功能稳定性。污染的土壤会对周围的农作物及地下水造成一定的污染,直接影响人类的健康。因此急需对污染的土壤进行净化处理。介绍了一种可以处理污染土壤的机械设备,能够快速移动,并且集淋洗与固液分离于一体。针对大规模污染土壤处理前期的实验装置,可以同时对小面积污染土壤进行及时处理,针对这种功能做了具体设计,并对于离心固液分离用工业滤布的选择做了具体实验与分析。     

一株酸性大红3R脱色菌的分离、鉴定及其脱色性能研究

通过浓度梯度驯化,从厌氧污泥中分离到一株酸性大红3R脱色菌M3,根据其形态学特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析,鉴定该厌氧菌株为阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae).同时,研究了该菌株在厌氧静置条件下对酸性大红3R的最适脱色条件.结果表明,菌株脱色的最佳营养源为酵母粉,最适宜脱色条件为酵母粉浓度1％、pH =6.5、温度35 ℃、盐度小于4％,在此条件下,对浓度为100 mg·L-1酸性大红3R溶液厌氧静置培养72 h,脱色率达到98％以上.菌株耐盐性良好,在6％ ～8％的盐度下具有较好的脱色效果.分光光谱表明,菌株脱色机制主要为生物降解脱色.毒性试验表明,脱色后的酸性大红3R毒性明显降低.