工业废渣在新型干法水泥生产中应用

依据废渣特性的理论分析,通过对废渣成分以及采用废渣配料前后生料、熟料的成分分析及性能测试,调整生料配比和改变水泥窑操作工艺,通过生产实践数据分析,说明了利用钢渣和粉煤灰作为铁质和铝质校正材料生产普通硅酸盐水泥熟料,不仅可以提高水泥熟料产量和质量,而且可以有效地降低熟料生产成本和产品综合能耗。促进了企业节能减排和资源综合利用的可持续发展。     

工业园区TVOC和恶臭的电子鼻检测技术研究

根据工业园区中TVOC和恶臭可能存在的主要气体组分,筛选传感器阵列,构建用于检测工业园区内TVOC和恶臭的电子鼻系统.本研究设计了TVOC污染指数（TPI）和恶臭污染指数（OPI）及基于电子鼻的现场检测方法.在此基础上,结合嘉兴市乍浦港区内化工园区污染情况分析,选择6个检测点进行现场检测,各传感器响应值经PCA分析,提取了2个主成分即可将8个传感器分为2类：TVOC型（S1）和恶臭型（S2～S8）.将现场采集的气体样品用GC/MS进行定性分析,各采样点TVOC物质积分面积百分比在10%以上的累积起来大多都占总面积的90%以上,而恶臭类物质则大多都在10%以下.结果表明：①选用合适的传感器阵列,结合PCA分析,可以初步反映工业园区内TVOC和恶臭的污染情况;②结合电子鼻测得的污染指数与GC/MS定性分析结果,可以大体得出工业园区TVOC和恶臭总体污染情况及各种污染物分布情况;③电子鼻和GIS技术综合应用到工业园区TVOC和恶臭的检测,能初步用于评估工业园区空间污染情况.     

不同制备温度的水稻生物炭电子交换能力研究

为探究不同热解温度下生物炭的电子交换能力,通过限氧升温炭化法,利用水稻秸秆在不同热解温度条件下制备生物炭,与氧气、铁氰化钾氧化剂和柠檬酸钛还原剂进行氧化还原反应,对生物炭的得电子能力（EAC）和失电子能力（EDC）进行定量分析.结果显示,热解温度对生物炭的电子交换能力有较大影响,随热解温度升高至500℃时,生物炭的EAC和EDC达到最大,分别为3.86,1.72mmol/g高于500℃后,随着温度的增加,EAC和EDC逐渐减小,这是由于生物炭的醌类和酚类官能团的结构改变以及持久性自由基强度变化的联合作用.此外,柠檬酸钛和连二硫酸钠两种氧化还原电位不同的还原剂进一步证实了还原剂电位对生物炭EAC的影响.且生物炭具有氧化还原的可逆性,可逆的EAC与EDC之和近似等于生物炭的电子储存能力.     

氯化石蜡产品中短链和中链同系物的指纹分布

使用气相色谱-电子捕获负化学电离质谱（GC-ECNI-MS）,对包含CP-42、CP-52和CP-70三种常见氯含量的22个CPs产品进行了测定,分析了不同氯含量的CPs产品中短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs）和中链氯化石蜡（MCCPs）同系物的分布模式.SCCPs同系物呈现5种分布特征,分别是CP-42型、三类CP-52型和CP-70型,MCCPs同系物呈现4种分布特征,分别是CP-42型和三类CP-52型,CP-70产品中MCCPs同系物未呈现出一致的分布规律.CPs生产原料石蜡中烷烃的成分组成和CPs生产工艺的不同,是造成产品同系物分布模式不一致的原因.通过统计学分析,得到CPs产品中SCCPs和MCCPs同系物的指纹分布,这是开展环境中CPs的源解析、迁移转化、归趋和毒性风险评价等研究的有利工具.     

农产品环境安全评价及对策--以江苏省为例

在界定农产品环境安全含义的基础上，构建了由农产品环境安全压力、状况和保障能力组成的江苏农产品环境安全评价指标体系，采用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对全省13个市进行实证分析，并进一步对造成显著区域差异的原因进行了分析。提出了相应的对策建议。     

O3/H2O2去除水中硝基苯效果与机理

以硝基苯为目标反应物,对O₃/H₂O₂体系氧化去除水中硝基苯的效果和机理进行了研究,考察了pH值、H₂O₂剂量、自由基抑制剂或促进剂对硝基苯的去除效果的影响.研究发现,在pH≤7时,H₂O₂促进臭氧化去除硝基苯的效果较为明显,当H₂O₂投加量从1.0 mg/L增加到4.0 mg/L时,在氧化5 min内,硝基苯     

无排泥运行MBR处理不同浓度氨氮废水及其生物特性

考察了水力停留时间(HRT)为10 h时无排泥运行下膜-生物反应器(MBR)处理不同浓度氨氮无机废水的运行性能及微生物特性.结果表明,在处理NH₄⁺-N≤500 mg/L的废水时,氨氮转化率可达99%且反应器内微生物增长缓慢,比硝化速率从0.2kg/(kg·d)升至0.52 kg/(kg·d);当NH₄⁺-N≥700 mg/L时,出水亚硝酸氮和氨氮相继出现明显累积,比硝化速率随之下降至0.4kg/(kg·d)以下,反应器内生物量从3 200 mg/L上升至6 700 mg/L.反应器中的氨氧化菌维持在10⁷CFU/mL,亚硝酸盐氧化菌从10⁶CFU/mL下降至10³CFU/mL.系统内的溶解性微生物产物(以TOC表示)升至65 mg/L后保持稳定,出水TOC一直维持在3～4mg/L;细胞外分泌物(EPS)在膜的截流作用下随运行时间的延长积累至600 mg/L.     

成品油管道地下水环境风险评价研究

应用环境风险评价理论,以石家庄-太原成品油管道为例,通过对工程与环境特性进行分析,识别出其主要的地下水环境风险。根据FEMWATER模型软件,结合当地的水文地质条件,模拟在设定的假想事故状态下,对地下水环境风险进行了评价研究。并提出了有针对性的工程防范措施和监测、管理对策,为工程建设环境风险管理和水资源保护提供了参考依据,也为其他成品油管道的环境风险评价提供了参考。     

Are older drivers’ driving patterns during an on-road driving task representative of their real-world driving patterns?

Abstract

Objective: The current study investigated whether older drivers’ driving patterns during a customized on-road driving task were representative of their real-world driving patterns.

Methods: Two hundred and eight participants (male: 68.80%; mean age?=?81.52 years, SD?=?3.37 years, range?=?76.00–96.00 years) completed a customized on-road driving task that commenced from their home and was conducted in their own vehicle. Participants’ real-world driving patterns for the preceding 4-month period were also collected via an in-car recording device (ICRD) that was installed in each participant’s vehicle.

Results: During the 4-month period prior to completing the on-road driving task, participants’ median real-world driving trip distance was 2.66?km (interquartile range [IQR]?=?1.14–5.79?km) and their median on-road driving task trip distance was 4.41?km (IQR?=?2.83–6.35?km). Most participants’ on-road driving task trip distances were classified as representative of their real-world driving trip distances (95.2%, n?=?198).

Conclusions: These findings suggest that most older drivers were able to devise a driving route that was representative of their real-world driving trip distance. Future research will examine whether additional aspects of the on-road driving task (e.g., average speed, proportion of trips in different speed zones) are representative of participants’ real-world driving patterns.     

Investigation of biocatalytic potential of garbage enzyme and its influence on stabilization of industrial waste activated sludge

The decomposable waste thrown into the environment can be used to produce value added bio-product which in turn reduces the production of greenhouse gas. Garbage enzyme is one such value added product produced by fermentation of organic solid waste. In the present study enzyme activity and disinfectant potential of garbage enzyme was evaluated and its influence on reduction of total solids, suspended solids and pathogens in dairy waste activated sludge were studied. The result showed the garbage enzyme possesses protease, amylase and lipase activity and reduced 37.2% of total solids, 38.6% of suspended solids and 99% of pathogens in dairy waste activated sludge. This significant result may be helpful for researchers to compare the effectiveness of earth-friendly garbage enzyme treatment of industrial sludge with various physical and chemical pre-treatment methods to improve the biogas production from the sludge digestion unit.