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71.
Determination of 4-tert-octylphenol in surface water samples of Jinan in China by solid phase extraction coupled with GC-MS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Octylphenols, considered as xenoestrogens, mainly exist as 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) in aquatic environments. The high stability and accumulation of OP in aquatic systems have caused endocrine disruption. The OP in surface water in Jinan, China was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE). Water samples were extracted by SPE on a cartridge system containing C-18 as sorbent. To increase sensitivity and selectivity, OP was derivatized to 4-tert-octyl-phenoxy silane. With the use of phenanthrene-d10 as internal standard, the detection limit based on signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 3) was 0.06 ng/mL. The average recovery was from 84.67% to 109.7%. The precision of the method given as the relative standard deviations (RSD) was within the range 6.24%-12.96%. In the target water samples, the concentrations of OP were as follows: 15.88-71.24 ng/L for Jinxiuchuan Reservoir, 3.850-26.68 ng/L for the city moat, 6.930-41.56 ng/L for Daming Lake, 66.03-474.2 ng/L for Xiaoqing River, 14.66-17.72 ng/L for the Yellow River, and 10.60-26.43 ng/L for Queshan Reservoir. The Xiaoqing River was seriously polluted due to the discharge of wastewater from Jinan. Jinxiuchuan Reservoir had a higher concentration of OP compared with the Yellow River and Queshan Reservoir, which is ascribed to the surrounding human activities. These data are reported for the first time, providing strong support for the control of OP pollution in Jinan. 相似文献
72.
原子吸收光谱法是分析环境水样中金属离子含量的有效方法之一。在测定时往往需要对样品进行前处理,然后再进行测定。文章介绍了近些年较新的一些分离富集技术在原子吸收光谱分析环境中金属离子时的应用,分析了离子交换树脂在样品中金属离子富集分离过程中的研究近况,评述了固相萃取、析相微萃取、单滴液滴微萃取、分散液液微萃取、离子液体萃取、浊点萃取等多种萃取方式在样品预富集中的应用进展,综述了活性炭、纳米粒子、淀粉、分子筛等吸附剂在富集环境水样中金属元素的应用现状,同时还对在线富集技术与流动注射分析技术联用在金属元素分析中的应用进展进行了评述。 相似文献
73.
DNA提取方法对活性污泥微生物多样性PCR-DGGE检测的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
评价超声波法、2种基于SDS的裂解法、改进的化学裂解法、微波法和冻融 玻璃珠 溶菌酶 SDS等6种DNA提取方法对活性污泥微生物多样性PCR-DGGE检测的影响.结果表明,2种不同的DNA纯化方式(溶液和胶纯化)及PCR扩增方式(直接和巢式PCR)对DGGE结果没有明显的影响,但不同的DNA提取方法对DGGE结果有明显的影响,其中2种基于SDS裂解法的DGGE条带较多,其提取的DNA产量(14.85μg/g湿重)和纯度(OD260:OD280>1.80)也最高;改进的化学裂解法和微波法次之;超声波法、冻融 玻璃珠 溶菌酶 SDS法较少.研究表明,DNA提取方法是影响活性污泥微生物多样性PCR-DGGE检测结果的关键因素,基于SDS的裂解法是用于活性污泥微生物多样性PCR-DGGE研究的一种简便、可靠的总DNA提取方法. 相似文献
74.
TiO2 nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bochra Bejaoui Kefi Latifa Latrous El Atrache Hafedh Kochkar Abdelhamid Ghorbel 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(5):860-867
An analytical method based on TiO2 nanotubes solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography (GC) was
established for the analysis of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): acenaphtylene, acenaphthene, anthracene, fluorene,
phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene. Factors a ecting the extraction e ciency including the eluent type and its volume, adsorbent
amount, sample volume, sample pH and sample flow rate were optimized. The characteristic data of analytical performance were
determined to investigate the sensitivity and precision of the method. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed
good linearity in the range of 0.01–0.8 g/mL, repeatability of the extraction (RSD were between 6.7% and 13.5%, n = 5) and
satisfactory detection limits (0.017–0.059 ng/mL). The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of surface water
(tap, river and dam) samples. The recoveries of PAHs spiked in environmental water samples ranged from 90% to 100%. All the results
indicated the potential application of titanate nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbents to pre-treat water samples. 相似文献
75.
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78.
Xuejun Guo Kunpeng Wang Mengchang He Ziwei Liu Hailin Yang Sisi Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(7):1549-1556
A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the"World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched slag,arsenic-alkali residue, desulfurized slag and blast furnace dust. These four types of waste were enriched in a variety of heavy metals and metalloids and more specifically with As and Sb levels up to 8.6 × 104 and 3.16 × 105mg/kg, respectively, in arsenic-alkali residue. For desulfurized slag and water-quenched slag, the leaching concentration of Sb significantly exceeded the acceptable limits during the leaching tests using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure. In addition, As leaching in arsenic-alkali residue was extraordinarily hazardous, being three orders of magnitude higher than the regulatory level of As. According to the results of the extraction tests, all the tested wastes were classified as hazardous waste. 相似文献
79.
Mao Ye Mingming Sun Fredrick Orori Kengar Jingting Wang Ni Ni Li Wang Yang Song Xinglun Yang Huixin Li Feng Hu Xin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1661-1672
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)/heavy metals/fluorine(F) mixed-contaminated sites caused by abandoned metallurgic plants are receiving wide attention. To address the associated environmental problems,this study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(CMCD) and carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC) solution to enhance ex situ soil washing for extracting mixed contaminants. Further,Tenax extraction method was combined with a first-three-compartment model to evaluate the environmental risk of residual PAHs in washed soil. In addition,the redistribution of heavy metals/F after decontamination was also estimated using a sequential extraction procedure. Three successive washing cycles using50 g/L CMCD and 5 g/L CMC solution were effective to remove 94.3% of total PAHs,93.2% of Pb,85.8% of Cd,93.4% of Cr,83.2% of Ni and 97.3% of F simultaneously. After the 3rd washing,the residual PAHs mainly existed as very slowly desorbing fractions,which were in the form of well-aged,well-sequestered compounds; while the remaining Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni and F mainly existed as Fe–Mn oxide and residual fractions,which were always present in stable mineral forms or bound to non-labile soil fractions. Therefore,this combined cleanup strategy proved to be effective and environmentally friendly. 相似文献
80.
针对2-萘酚生产废水p H值低、色泽深,亚硫酸盐和萘磺酸盐高、COD浓度高的特点,采用酸化脱硫-两级络合萃取-氧化絮凝工艺处理,介绍了专利工艺的流程设计,给出了主要工艺设计参数及投资运行成本。工程运行结果表明,该工艺设计合理、技术成熟、处理效果稳定,2-萘酚生产废水经处理后达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准要求;回收的萘磺酸钠固体可返回2-萘酚生产系统套用;反萃取黑液经蒸发浓缩,合成的减水剂产品各项指标达到或超过GB 8076—2008《混凝土外加剂》高效减水剂指标要求。 相似文献