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11.
A continuously expanding group of commodities are being priced on commodity exchanges. This paper explains the causes to the increasing preference of exchanges as pricing instruments. It also provides the detail of the shift in the 1970s and 1980s from producer determined prices to prices set by commodity exchanges for three major commodities—aluminum, nickel and petroleum. 相似文献
12.
高分子重金属絮凝剂的性能及作用机理研究 总被引:28,自引:5,他引:23
以含Ni^2 废水作为处理对象,主要研究了几个影响高分子重金属絮凝剂去除废水中Ni^2 的因素,从而进一步了解高分子重金属絮凝剂的结构和性能.实验结果表明:(1)某些离子存在时,pH值对Ni^2 的最高去除率影响不大;(2)水中某些二价阳离子的存在不仅不会消耗高分子重金属絮凝剂的用量,而且会促进Ni^2 絮凝沉淀,Ni^2 的去除率均在95%以上;(3)水中Fe^3 会与Ni^2 竞争高分子重金属絮凝剂分子中二硫代羧基上的配位基,若高分子重金属絮凝剂投加量不足,Fe^3 的存在将影响螯合体MHMF-Ni^2 的生成;(4)Ni^2 和致浊物质会互相促进彼此的去除,浊度的去除率在97%以上.(5)高分子重金属絮凝剂对重金属离子具有选择性,可将部分重金属离子从其它离子中分离开、回收再利用. 相似文献
13.
Henrieta Arpasova Marcela Capcarova Anna Kalafova Norbert Lukac Jaroslav Kovacik Grzegorz Formicki 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):913-918
In this study the effects of nickel (NiCl2) administered in drinking water (0.02; 0.2 and 2.0 mg NiCl2/L for 28 days) on laying hen body weight, egg production and egg quality is reported. Growth parameters during the experiment were significantly decreased mainly in the group with the highest nickel concentration. In total egg production dose–dependent decrease in all experimental groups was found. Egg weight was mainly affected in the group with the highest nickel concentration. Specific egg weight was not altered. Albumen weight and albumen content was significantly decreased in groups with the highest nickel concentration in comparison with the control group. Egg yolk analysis detected significantly decreased yolk weight in the group with the highest nickel experimental level. In yolk color a significant difference was detected between the group receiving 0.02 and 0.2 mg NiCl2/mL. Eggshell compactness was increased in all experimental groups what could be induced by altered mineralization of eggshell. Results of this study clearly report a negative effect of nickel as an environmental pollutant on laying hen body weight, egg production as well as egg quality. 相似文献
14.
The antimicrobial activity of Cu2O, ZnO and NiO nanoparticles supported onto natural clinoptilolite was investigated in the secondary effluent under dark conditions. After 24 h of contact the Cu2O and ZnO nanoparticles reduced the numbers of viable bacterial cells of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in pure culture for four to six orders of magnitude and showed consistent 100% of antibacterial activity against native E. coli after 1 h of contact during 48 exposures. The antibacterial activity of NiO nanoparticles was less efficient. The Cu2O and NiO nanoparticles showed 100% of antiprotozoan activity against Paramecium caudatum and Euplotes affinis after 1 h of contact, while ZnO nanoparticles were less efficient. The morphology and crystallinity of the nanoparticles were not affected by microorganisms. The metal oxide nanoparticles could find a novel application in the disinfection of secondary effluent and removal of pathogenic microorganisms in the tertiary stage of wastewater treatment. 相似文献
15.
Ramachandraiah C Rajesh Kumar J Janardhan Reddy K Lakshmi Narayana S Varada Reddy A 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(4):729-736
Nickel(II) reacts with N-ethyl-3-carbazolecarboxaldehyde-3-thiosemicarbazone (ECCT) and forms a yellow colored complex, which was extracted into n-butanol from sodium acetate and acetic acid buffer at pH 6.0. The absorbance value of the Ni(II)-ECCT complex was measured at different intervals of time at 400nm, to ascertain the time stability of the complex. The extraction of the complex into the solvent was instantaneous and stable for more than 72h. The system obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 1.2-5.6mugml(-1) of nickel(II), with an excellent linearity and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the extracted species were found to be 1.114x10(4)Lmol(-1)cm(-1) and 5.29x10(-3)mugcm(-2) at 400nm, respectively. Hence, a detailed study of the extraction of nickel(II) with ECCT has been undertaken with a view to developing a rapid and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel(II) when present alone or in the presence of diverse ions which are usually associated with nickel(II) in environmental matrices like soil and industrial effluents. Various standard alloy samples (CM 247 LC, IN 718, BCS 233, 266, 253 and 251) have been tested for the determination of nickel for the purpose of validation of the present method. The results of the proposed method are comparable with those from atomic absorption spectrometry and were found to be in good agreement. 相似文献
16.
应用D412螯合树脂治理含镍电镀废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了D412螯合树脂对Ni(Ⅱ)离子静态和动态的吸收性能,并且研究了使用D412树脂除去和回收电镀废水中镍的最佳条件。 相似文献
17.
18.
纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus sp.)对镍的吸附、吸收作用及镍对其细胞形态结构影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
纤维藻(Ankistrodesmussp.)对镍毒作用反应敏感,对Ni 相似文献
19.
The feasibility of using a chemical reaction-based approach for evaluating and modelling the role of adsorption reactions in determining the geochernical confinement capacity of natural geological barriers is being studied as part of an on-going R & D programme. The confined superficial aquifer underlying the Centre de Stockage de l'Aube facility, a geological barrier for this site, has been used as a case study with the following aims. First, development of a site characterisation protocol and demonstration of its use to determine the principal geochemical characteristics of aquifer materials using batch experiments and to represent the information obtained in terms of a chemical model. The experimental results obtained for Ni2+ partitioning as a function of total Ni, pH, total Ca and total solid can be satisfactorily represented in terms of reactions with an ion exchange site and a single amphoteric surface hydroxyl site with ferrihydrite reaction constants. A second objective is the incorporation of the reactions in a coupled geochemistry/transport code, and to verify the applicability of the coupled code predictions for Ni2+ mass transfer by comparison with the results obtained during column tracer experiments. The breakthrough curve and equilibrium solid phase Ni loading, predicted by a one-dimensional coupled model for a column tracer experiment, agree closely with observed data.Additional studies are underway to reduce model conditionality, to extend the adsorption model to other analogue cations and anions, to incorporate the effect of natural organic matter and to take into consideration precipitation/dissolution of amorphous Fe surface phases. 相似文献
20.