迭鞘石斛多糖降血糖作用研究

研究了迭鞘石斛多糖对动物血糖的调节作用.采用尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶造成高血糖动物模型,按高剂量(300mg/kg)、中剂量(100 mg/kg)和低剂量(30 mg/kg)的迭鞘石斛多糖分别灌胃给药,同时设阳性对照组和阴性对照组,测定血糖水平.结果表明,迭鞘石斛多糖能显著降低四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠空腹血糖,增强四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠的糖耐量,而对正常小鼠空腹血糖和正常大鼠糖耐量没有明显影响.研究表明,迭鞘石斛多糖具有明显的降血糖作用,是一种值得开发利用的降糖植物多糖.表6参10     

微生物絮凝剂SC06的化学组成和特性

纤维堆囊菌（Sorangium cellulosum NUST 06）产生一种胞外多糖絮凝剂。用乙醇沉淀和Sepharose 4B凝胶层析纯化得到纯品SC06，通过气相色谱和红外光谱分析，SC06由葡萄糖、甘露糖和葡萄糖醛酸组成，其比较约为5∶3∶1，SC06的絮凝活性依赖于阳离子的存在，在pH2-9范围内絮凝活性稳定。     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌KJ-10的絮凝性能及絮凝成分分析

从炼厂含油污泥中分离筛选出一株高效微生物絮凝剂产生菌KJ-10,初步鉴定为芽孢杆菌.为进一步探讨该菌株的絮凝性能和絮凝成分,实验考察了该菌株对高岭土悬液和含油废水的处理效果,研究了所产絮凝剂的热稳定性,并通过紫外光谱、红外光谱、GC-MS技术及多糖含量测定等途径对其絮凝成分进行了深入分析.结果表明,该菌株对高岭土悬液的...     

Liquid crystallinity of levan/water/starch solutions

Transmitted light measurements performed with a UV-visible spectrophotometer were used to characterize how starch affects the position of boundaries on the phase diagram for dilute aqueous solutions of levan (a branched polymer of fructose). Data were collected in the range 15 to 70°C; the minimum concentrations required for separation of a nematic phase and the minimum concentration required for a fully nematic solution were identified within this range. While hard interactions (repulsion between rod-like molecular segments) dictate the formation of a liquid crystalline phase at and above ambient temperature in the absence of starch, soft interactions become more significant as solutions are cooled toward ambient when starch is present. Small amounts of starch might be used as a filler to modify the mechanical properties (while retaining the process-related benefits) of levan films cast from liquid crystalline solution.     

GA-g-PAMPS/AA/ST凝胶的制备及对亚甲基蓝吸附性能

采用微波辐射技术,通过接枝共聚反应制备了阿拉伯胶（GA）-g-2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）/丙烯酸（AA）/海泡石黏土（ST）（GA-g-PAMPS/AA/ST）复合水凝胶,利用FTIR、XRD、SEM对复合水凝胶进行了表征,研究了水凝胶对水溶液中亚甲基蓝（MB）染料的吸附性能.结果显示：GA、ST和AA与AMPS发生了接枝共聚反应,形成具有均匀三维网络结构的复合水凝胶.0.025g水凝胶可以使体积为50mL、pH值为6.4、浓度为600mg/L的MB溶液的吸附量和吸附率分别达1146mg/g和95.5%,水凝胶具有较好的重复利用性能.Freundlich等温模型和准二级动力学模型能更好地描述吸附过程.热力学研究表明水凝胶对亚甲基蓝吸附是自发、吸热和不可逆的过程.该水凝胶可用作阳离子染料和阳离子型污染物的潜在候选生物质吸附剂.     

长梗黄精主根与须根多糖的提取工艺研究

对长梗黄精主根与须根多糖的提取工艺进行了研究.在对乙醇浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间和粉碎粒度等进行单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验确定了长梗黄精主根与须根多糖提取的最佳工艺条件,即对长梗黄精主根多糖的提取最佳条件为乙醇浓度80％、浸提温度80℃、浸提时间50min、颗粒大小40目,此时多糖提取率为18.754％;而对长梗黄精须根多糖的提取最佳条件为乙醇浓度70％、浸提温度60℃、浸提时间30min、颗粒大小80目,此时多糖提取率为16.652％.须根多糖含量与主根含量差异性不显著,故须根的利用价值也很高,有待开发利用.     

Production and application of a novel bioflocculant by multiple-microorganism consortia using brewery wastewater as carbon source

The flocculating activity of a novel bioflocculant MMF1 produced by multiple-microorganism consortia MM1 was investigated. MM1 was composed of strain BAFRT4 identified as Staphylococcus sp. and strain CYGS1 identified as Pseudomonas sp. The flocculating activity of MMF1 isolated from the screening medium was 82.9%, which is remarkably higher than that of the bioflocculant produced by either of the strains under the same condition. Brewery wastewater was also used as the carbon source for MM1, and the cost-effective production medium for MM1 mainly comprised 1.0 L brewery water （chemical oxygen demand （COD） 5000 mg/L）, 0.5 g/L urea, 0.5 g/L yeast extract, and 0.2 g/L （NH4）2SO4. The optimal conditions for the production of MMF1 was inoculum size 2%, initial pH 6.0, cultivating temperature 30℃, and shaking speed 160 r/min, under which the flocculating activity of the MMF1 reached 96.8%. Fifteen grams of purified bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of fermentation broth. MMF1 was identified as a macromolecular substance containing both protein and polysaccharide. It showed good flocculating performance in treating indigotin printing and dyeing wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiencies of COD and chroma were 79.2% and 86.5%, respectively.     

好氧污泥颗粒化过程中Zeta电位与EPS的变化特性

研究了好氧颗粒污泥在形成过程中Zeta电位、胞外多聚物的变化以及两者之间的关系.通过对污泥调控生长,形成完全颗粒化的好氧污泥.在好氧颗粒形成过程中,污泥的Zeta电位由接种时的-19.1 mV逐渐降至-10.1 mV.完全颗粒化以后,成熟后的好氧颗粒污泥Zeta电位稳定维持在-10 mV左右,说明维持污泥较低的Zeta电位是好氧颗粒污泥形成的重要条件.颗粒化过程中污泥EPS中多糖含量基本不变,蛋白含量增加明显,从13.65 mg.g-1增加到54.12 mg.g-1,蛋白/多糖比值从0.67增加到3.31;污泥的Zeta电位与蛋白/多糖的比值呈正相关,相关系数为0.849,这些结果说明蛋白质对降低污泥表面电位,促进污泥聚集以及好氧颗粒污泥的形成生长等可能起着重要作用.     

黄精多糖乳膏治疗单纯疱疹性豚鼠阴道炎的疗效研究

三种浓度(0．5％，1．5％，5％)的黄精多糖乳膏能明显治疗单纯疱疹病毒性豚鼠阴道炎，用药组豚鼠的外阴病变积分值显著低于模型对照组，这三种浓度的黄精多糖乳膏能治疗单纯疱疹病毒引发的豚鼠外阴红肿、溃破等病变，并能降低患病豚鼠的死亡率，其中以1．5％浓度乳膏的疗效相对较好．各浓度试验组黄精多糖乳膏并能显著降低感染HSV—2 Sav strain病毒的豚鼠阴道分泌物中病毒的毒力．临床预试验表明，1．5％黄精多糖乳膏与3％无环鸟苷乳膏疗效相近．图1表3参19     

仙人掌多糖的提取分离与性质测定

仙人掌多糖具有降血糖、抗炎、免疫、抗溃疡等作用．经热水提取、乙醇沉淀、DEAE Sepharose fastflow离子交换色谱和SephadexG系列凝胶滤过色谱纯化得到5种仙人掌多糖纽分．采用醋酸纤维薄膜电泳检测多糖纯度,凝胶色谱测定相对分子质量,高效液相色谱测定糖的组成．经测定,它们的相对分子质量依次为2．0×10^3、1．0×10^6、4．0×10^3、9．2×10^5、5．0×10^3．ODP1由鼠李糖组成,ODP2可能由鼠李缚和葡萄糖组成,ODP4可能由鼠李糖和D-半乳糖组成．ODP3和ODP5分别由鼠李糖和一未知糖组分组成．表3,参12．