COVID-19 and individual performance in global virtual teams: The role of self-regulation and individual cultural value orientations

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, global virtual teams (GVTs) have become increasingly important. Drawing on conservation of resources theory and self-regulation theory, we examined the mechanism and process underlying individuals' performance in GVTs in this specific situation. We posit that the local severity of the pandemic has a negative effect on individuals' performance in GVTs and that self-regulation functions as a coping mechanism in times of pandemic-related ambient stress, reducing its negative effect on performance. We suggest that three cultural value orientations, that is, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, and long-term orientation, explain different levels of self-regulation, which in turn moderates the relationship between the local severity of the pandemic and individual performance in GVTs. Based on a sample of 2727 individuals from 31 countries participating in an international business consulting project during the early stage of the unfolding pandemic, we show that (a) the local severity of the pandemic had a negative effect on individuals' performance, (b) the negative effect of the pandemic on performance is weaker for individuals with high self-regulation, and (c) uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation are positively associated with self-regulation, which mediates the moderating relationship between the cultural value orientations and the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and individual performance in GVTs.     

Changing legislative thinking in China to better protect wild animals and human health

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the inadequacy of China's legal protection of wildlife. Long-standing illegal wildlife trade in China and worldwide increases the risk of zoonotic infectious diseases. We sought to improve the understanding of China’ legal system for the protection of wildlife, which has at its core the wildlife protection law, by systematically evaluating the laws and regulations of China's Wildlife Protection Framework. We examined how existing legal documents (e.g., the Wildlife Protection Law 2018) are directly or indirectly related to wildlife conservation. The inherent defects of wildlife protection legislation include a narrow scope of protection, insufficient public participation, and inconsistent enforcement among responsible agencies. Solutions to improve China's Wildlife Protection Law include expanding the legal protection of wildlife, and improving monitoring of wildlife protection. Strengthening legislation will be the basis for effective regulation of the use of wild animals. We advocate the establishment of a sound wildlife protection legal system for resolving conflicts between humans and wild animals and preventing zoonotic disease, such a system will have a profound impact on the sustainable development of China's wildlife resources.     

基于QAR数据的中国民航飞行排放清单估计研究

近年来中国民用航空迅速发展，产生了大量的排放物，需要准确的排放清单来评估民航行业对环境的影响.针对现有的研究在估算精度与覆盖范围上存在的不足，本文利用了飞机QAR数据构建了估算单次飞行燃油消耗量与包括HC、CO、NOx、PM、SO2以及CO2在内的排放物生成量的方法，并采用自下而上的方法，对2018年1月—2021年11月在中国国内民航活动产生的排放物进行了统计.在估算时考虑了机型、起飞机场和降落机场对飞行各阶段持续时间的影响.从排放模式来看，不同机场的飞行在LTO阶段的平均排放量存在差异，总的来说，机场规模越大，单次飞行排放量越多，大多数排放物在CCD阶段排放且该阶段的排放量与飞行时间存在明显的线性关系.2018年和2019年的排放量保持了上升，CO2排放量分别为73.17 ×10⁶ t和76.85 ×10⁶ t，但自从2019年12月受到新冠疫情影响后，排放量与航班量随疫情控制情况波动，2020年和2021年1月—11月CO2排放量分别为61.51 ×10⁶ t和60.08 ×10⁶ t.为了探究新冠疫情对排放物的影响，采用差分整合移动平均自回归模型对无疫情时2019年12月之后的排放量进行了估计，结果表明新冠疫情爆发后，到2021年11月为止各种排放物的排放量减少了20%左右.     

农村公共卫生危机应急响应问题研究——以M镇新冠疫情为例

在重大公共卫生危机面前,基层农村提高公共危机应急响应能力,对于整个危机解除以及农村秩序恢复具有重要意义。本文以2019年底发生的全球性重大公共卫生危机——新冠疫情为例,以公共危机应急响应为视角,通过网络问卷调查方式,对农村在应急响应阶段的演化路径展开调研。通过调查发现,农村危机应急响应面临2个阶段困境:前期基层政府与群众反应不对等以及后期次生危机再生。基于此,结合农村特殊性分析困境存在的原因,并提出建议,以期为基层农村公共卫生危机管理提供借鉴。