野外环境教育基地的功能与建设策略

讨论了发展野外环境教育基地的必要性，并以天童生态实验站为例，指出野外环境教育基地含有传承和发展两方面的功能，探讨了野外建设野外环境教育基地的策略。     

平原河网地区地表水环境保护功能区划分的研究

从地表水环境保护功能区划分工作的实践出发 ,针对复杂的水文、水质条件 ,探讨平原河网地区地表水环境保护功能区划分的工作方法和实现区划目标的对策措施。     

基于地理国情普查的主体功能区规划实施监测与评估研究

主体功能区规划作为全国国土空间开发的战略性、基础性和约束性规划,目前已进入有序实施阶段,根据规划要求,需要对其实施进行持续监测和评估。地理国情普查所获取的海量地理国情信息正为主体功能区规划实施监测与评估提供了支撑。系统论证了应用地理国情普查成果开展规划监测与评估的可行性,并指出"边普查边应用"项目在机制上提供了保障。分析了主体功能区规划和地理国情普查对规划实施监测评估的要求,兼顾地理国情普查的数据成果,同时考虑指标的代表性和数据的可获取性,确立了优化开发区、重点开发区、农产品主产区和重点生态功能区的规划实施监测与评估指标体系,并以随州市曾都区为例,探讨了利用地理国情普查数据开展主体功能区规划的指标选取和技术过程等关键问题。     

济南南部山区水源涵养生态功能保护区生态环境评价指标体系研究

根据国家相关的生态考核指标,结合南部山区生态功能保护区实际情况,建立了该区域的评价指标体系,选取多层次权重分析决策法(AHP法),对区域的生态环境质量现状及可持续发展情况做出了定量评价。     

湿地--连接陆地和水的纽带

从各方面综合论述了湿地的定义及其功能和价值 ,强调了保护湿地的重要意义。     

青海省生态功能区划与建设研究——以互助土族自治县为例

以青海省互助土族自治县为典型研究案例,根据互助县自然条件、地貌类型、资源状况、生态区位、主导生态系统服务功能以及社会经济发展等情况,按照地域连片、主导功能相对一致的原则,对全县进行生态功能区划,在此基础上再进行全县主体功能区划,在研究区域范围4个生态功能区及4个主体功能区合理划分的基础上,提出了促进区域生态建设的对策和建议。研究结果可为构建互助县国土生态安全格局,保护生态环境、促进当地社会经济发展以及生态文明建设提供参考和安全保障。     

Unignited High-Pressure Methane Jet Impinging a Pipe Rack: Practical Tools for Risk Assessment

Although the diffusion of its storage and transport under liquefied conditions, nowadays it is common to have methane in gaseous form in several industrial applications. This leads to safety implications to be considered: hazards are linked to both the high-pressure at which the gas is kept and to its flammability. Scenarios where flammable jets impact an obstacle are of paramount importance because of their possible occurrence. Following a numerical approach, literature shows up that their assessment can be reliably performed by means of only Computational Fluid Dynamics tools. However, despite the improvements of computing power, Computational Fluid Dynamics costs still limit its use in daily risk analysts’ activities. Therefore, considering an accidental jet-obstacle scenario of industrial interest, the present work investigates how a pipe rack can influence the development of a high-pressure methane jet. Based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis, main achievements of this work are a simple criterion able to identify the situations where the pipe rack does not influence the high-pressure methane jet behavior, therefore allowing to identify the scenarios where simpler models can be used (i.e., analytical correlations known for the free jet situation), and, if present, a simple analytical relationship that roughly predicts the influence of the pipe rack without the need of performing complex Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations.     

汉江水华水文因素作用机理--基于藻类生长动力学的研究

在相关文献的基础上总结影响汉江水华的水文因素包括流量、流速和水面比降,根据河流动力学理论,讨论了它们之间的内在联系。在此基础上,从生物生长动力学的角度,将连续流反应器原理应用于汉江水华现象,提出了汉江连续流生物反应器模型,并根据Monod方程分析,认为汉江中的藻类浓度与水流速度应成指数关系。由此,建立了汉江藻类浓度与水流速度关系数学模型a = m exp(k/ν)。利用汉江1992年至2000年实测资料,通过回归分析进一步确定了汉江的藻类浓度与水流速度函数关系中的常数m=8.9759、k=0.9054,相关系数r=0.924 4。最后,对流速、流量和长江水位对汉江水华的作用机理进行了分析,揭示了水文因素影响汉江水华的作用机理。     

Functional gene expression of oil-degrading bacteria resistant to hexadecane toxicity

Contamination with oil poses a threat to the environment and to human health worldwide. Biological methodologies have proved to be economical, versatile and efficient for the remediation of pollutants. In this paper, a highly efficient oil-degrading bacterial strain USTB-2 was isolated from an oil production well of Dagang oil field in Tianjin, China. The 16S rRNA sequence of USTB-2 showed 100% similarity with that of Bacillus subtilis BSn5. Hexadecane is one of the most important components in petroleum. The half inhibitory ratio (IC₅₀) of hexadecane inhibited organisms, determined by microcalorimetry, was lower in USTB-2 than in B. BSn5. The results indicate that the strain USTB-2 degrades hexadecane to make it less toxic compared with the normal strain. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of oil-degrading enzymes, specifically 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase genes (HPMO). A sharp increase in the expression of HPMO genes was observed for USTB-2, while the expression of HPMO genes in reference strain B. BSn5 remained relatively stable. These methods can be used to study the metabolic potential of microorganisms for in situ oil decontamination.     

环境监测管理的基本职能

以价值取向的观点,论述了环境监测管理在环境管理中的地位、作用和功能,提出了环境监测管理职能的核心是规划与控制,并依赖组织与协调职能的发挥,为环境保护的总目标服务。