城市生态保护红线划定技术研究——以宜昌市为例

划定生态保护红线,是生态文明建设的一项重要任务,对维护国家和区域生态安全及经济社会可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。目前,城市化发展中面临着突出生态环境问题,在城市层面开展生态保护红线的划定工作显得更加紧迫。但现阶段生态保护红线的划分技术上仍处于不断探索与完善阶段。基于此,文章以湖北省宜昌市为例,利用RS和GIS技术,采用"识-评-落-融-分"的技术流程,提出了一套城市生态保护红线体系与划分方法。结果表明:宜昌市生态保护红线体系划分为3个层级:生态保护红线区、生态保护黄线区和生态保护绿线区;生态保护红线区、黄线区和绿线区分别占全市面积的48.83%、31.50%和19.67%。     

我国环境空间规划制度的研究进展

建立严格的环境空间管控制度,可以破解现阶段城市出现的一系列复合型、区域性和格局性环境问题,对从源头促进"人-城市-自然"和谐发展具有重要意义。为全面梳理环境空间规划制度和弥补其研究发展中的不足,对以环境功能区划、城市环境总体规划和生态保护红线制度为代表的环境空间规划制度的理论、技术与实践进行了较为全面的分析,对现有研究和未来探索提出展望,以期为以环境质量改善和风险防范为指导的环境空间规划制度提供理论依据和实践管理经验,从而全面引导城市的健康可持续发展。     

清洁生产审核中咨询机构的作用及能力建设

阐述了清洁生产审核的有效性、创新性和规范性,分析了清洁生产咨询机构在清洁生产审核中应发挥的作用,并结合我国实际情况提出了咨询机构急需在人才配置等方面加强能力建设。     

结合《安全生产法》的颁布与实施探析我国职业安全健康管理体系认证认可工作

结合安全生产法的相关规定 ,对新形势下如何科学、规范、系统地做好OSHMS认证认可工作以及建立规范有效的认证认可机制进行了分析和探讨 ;提出了OSHMS认证过程中应引起关注的一些问题以及认证市场准入机制、机构认可和监督管理机制。     

单要素环境质量评价数学模式分析与探讨

本文以沈阳市地下水环境质量评价为例,在对综合指数法和模糊综合评判法进行理论阐述和模式分析的基础上,探讨两种方法的理论和实用价值及存在问题.     

环境污染与住房价格的计量经济分析模式

对人的生活环境如何评价进行定量化的探讨，即城市住房价格如何引入计量经济模式，给出一个定量回归分析方法，得出比较科学可靠和准确的结果．     

The function of hatching asynchrony in the blue-footed booby

The blue-footed booby (Sula nebouxii) commonly hatches two eggs 4 days apart; then the senior (first-hatched) chick aggressively dominates the other and sometimes kills it. Two hypotheses explaining the function of the hatching interval were tested by creating broods with synchronous hatching: the facultative brood reduction hypothesis of Lack (1954) and the sibling rivalry reduction hypothesis of Hahn (1981). The results contradicted most predictions of both hypotheses: synchronous broods formed an aggressive hierarchy similarly to asynchronous broods (controls), and subordinate chicks grew poorly (Fig. 1) and died frequently, similarly to junior chicks in control broods. However, compared with synchronous broods, asynchronous broods showed less aggression (Fig. 2), diminished food allocation to subordinate chicks (Fig. 3) and less total food consumption (30% fewer feeds at age 0–10 days). These behavioral comparisons took into account the different ages of chicks in different treatments. The results suggest that natural asynchrony makes brood reduction more efficient and decreases the costs of sibling aggression to parents, in terms of their future survival or fecundity, as proposed by Mock and Ploger (1987). Further, in exaggeratedly asynchronous broods (8-day hatch interval) junior chicks suffered more aggression (Fig. 4) and grew more slowly than junior chicks in control broods. This result supports the hypothesis of optimal hatch asynchrony of Mock and Ploger (1987).     

Application of function analysis to bathing areas in the Maltese Islands

On a small island such as Malta where many developers and policy makers place a large emphasis on social use and develoment values, which encourages recreational/industrial development, it is often hard to promote the monetary value of coastal conservation due to strong competition with the large tourism industry. An assessment of the ecological (conservation) and economic (use/development) values of four popular Maltese bathing areas (Mellieha, St. George’s, Ramla and Ghajn Tuffieha Bay) was carried out by evaluating their ability to provide a number of functions. This is dependent on the environments’ inherent characteristics within the context of locally applicable time and space functions. Function Analysis is an innovative technique able to provide a means for assessing changes in environmental quality of an area and evaluating the sustainability of applied management regimes. This paper is a first example of an application of the Functional Analysis approach in Malta. Local application of this technique indicates a need for additional refinement in application to coastal areas. Analysis showed that St. George’s, had the lowest conservation value, Ramla and Ghajn Tuffieha bay had the highest conservation values, Mellieha Bay had high conservation value and use/development potential. In this context, conservation value is understood to reflect values of biodiversity, information/knowledge and environmental quality.     

物元分析在水质污染综合评价中的应用

本文首次提出一种用物元分析进行水质污染综合评价的新方法．该方法将水质级别、评价项目及其特征值作为物元，根据水质分级标准建立关联函数，通过计算综合关联度判断水质级别．用实例与其它方法进行了对比，结果完全一致．该方法计算简便，评价合理，实用性强，具有推广价值．     

WASP—5系统及其述评

WASP5（The water quality analysis simulation program-5，水质分析模拟程序5），是EPA推荐使用的水质模型软件。该文介绍了WASP5的组成、功能、原理、应用步骤、适用范围、输入输出，并对其优缺点进行了评论，最后还介绍了WASP5在浦西河网水质模拟中的应用。