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31.
32.
采用多种形式的塘和湿地组合生态工艺完善传统的生态塘和湿地系统,能实现系统处理环境的多样化,提升对氮、磷的去除效能。对山东某组合生态处理系统的研究表明,组合生态处理系统能够有效提升对氮、磷营养物的去除效果。各生态单元水环境的差异影响着氮和磷的主导去除机制,使氮、磷表现出不同的季节去除规律。其中氮的去除主要依靠生物的硝化反硝化作用。底泥中的磷按照Fe-P>OPalk>Al-P>Ca-P>OPres逐渐变为Ca-P>Fe-P>Al-P>OPalk>OPres,与磷共沉降逐渐成为的主导去除机制。 相似文献
33.
Long-Term Monitoring and Prediction for Settlement and Composition of Refuse in Shanghai Laogang Municipal Landfill 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Parameters about composition of refuse such as mass percentage of biodegradable matter, volatile solid, organic carbon, cellulose, total sugar, and settlement were monitored and analyzed in a large-scale experimental unit. The empirical formulas between composition and refuse age were established in terms of the data obtained from the experimental unit and verified by comparing with the corresponding parameters of refuse in the closed landfill units from 1991 until 1994 in the Shanghai Laogang Municipal Landfill. Furthermore, the long-term prediction for the composition of refuse was made, and it was predicted that the half-life is 7 to 11 years for biodegradable matter, 9 to 12 years for organic carbon or volatile solid, 7 to 16 years for cellulose, and 4 to 6 years for total sugar. In addition, a mathematical model, based on the mechanism of refuse biodegradation in the landfill, was developed to simulate the relationship between the settlement and the refuse age and manifests the secondary settlement potential. The mathematical model was proved not only to be reliable but also should be accurate for predicting the settlement of the landfill. The secondary settlement, which mainly results from the slow and gradual biodegradation of refuse, is linear with respect to the exponent of refuse age. Finally, according to the settlement model and empirical biodegradation formulas, it may be predicted that, 79.4% of biodegradable matter, 92.9% of total sugar, 72.7% of volatile solid and organic carbon, and 73.1% of cellulose will be biodegraded and that 79% of the maximum secondary settlement potential will occur before the Shanghai Laogang Municipal Landfill is in a high stabilization situation, i.e., approximately 21 years after final closure. 相似文献
34.
为了解决硫化砷渣对环境的污染,采用了单因素分析法,研究了飞灰、三氧化二铁、PFS、磷酸钠、硫酸亚铁和水泥对硫化砷渣的固化/稳定化效果,研究结果表明:当飞灰加入量为硫化砷渣质量的9倍、水泥的加入量为硫化砷渣质量的4倍、三氧化二铁加入量为硫化砷渣质量的20%、磷酸钠加入量为硫化砷渣质量的10%时,对处理后的样品使用HJ/T 299—2007《固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法硫酸硝酸法》浸出,浸出液中砷的质量浓度为1.12 mg/L,浸取液的p H值为11.5,达到了危险废物填埋污染控制标准。 相似文献
35.
Sanne Skov NIELSEN Peter KJELDSEN Rasmus JAKOBSEN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(4):3
Iron water treatment residues are a free by-product with high concentration of iron oxides
Iron water treatment residues has a large potential for arsenic sorption
Soils are highly contaminated by arsenic at wood preservation sites
Iron water treatment residues were added to hot spots contaminated with arsenic
The addition led to significant decrease in leaching of arsenic from the contaminated soil
Iron water treatment residues (Fe-WTR) are a free by-product of the treatment of drinking water with high concentration of iron oxides and potential for arsenic sorption. This paper aims at applying Fe-WTR to a contaminated site, measuring the reduction in contaminant leaching, and discussing the design of delivery and mixing strategy for soil stabilization at field scale and present a cost-effective method of soil mixing by common contractor machinery. Soil contaminated by As, Cr, and Cu at an abandoned wood impregnation site was amended with 0.22% (dw) Fe-WTR. To evaluate the full scale amendment a 100 m2 test site and a control site (without amendment) were monitored for 14 months. Also soil analysis of Fe to evaluate the degree of soil and Fe-WTR mixing was done. Stabilization with Fe-WTR had a significant effect on leachable contaminants, reducing pore water As by 93%, Cu by 91% and Cr by 95% in the upper samplers. Dosage and mixing of Fe-WTR in the soil proved to be difficult in the deeper part of the field, and pore water concentrations of arsenic was generally higher. Despite water logged conditions no increase in dissolved iron or arsenic was observed in the amended soil. Our field scale amendment of contaminated soil was overall successful in decreasing leaching of As, Cr and Cu. With minor improvements in the mixing and delivery strategy, this stabilization method is suggested for use in cases, where leaching of Cu, Cr and As constitutes a risk for groundwater and freshwater. 相似文献
36.
Yunxue Xia Dong Qiu Zhong Lyv Jianshuai Zhang Narendra Singh Kaimin Shih Yuanyuan Tang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(5):61
37.
38.
阐述了温度试验中产品达到温度稳定的重要性,以及温度稳定的概念和确定方法。指出了直接测量法是最直观、最有效的方法,并对如何实施直接测量法提出了见解。另外还对影响产品温度稳定的外部因素进行了一些研究。 相似文献
39.
Use of GIS in siting stabilization pond facilities for domestic wastewater treatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gemitzi A Tsihrintzis VA Christou O Petalas C 《Journal of environmental management》2007,82(2):155-166
Geographic information systems (GIS) use is presented in the problem of sitting areas for construction of natural systems such as stabilization ponds (SPs) for domestic wastewater treatment. For this purpose, several variables, such as topography, land use, type of geological formation, distance to major rivers or lakes, distance to existing cities and villages, existence of environmentally protected areas, mean minimum monthly temperatures and required wastewater effluent characteristics were analyzed with the GIS, in order to accept or reject a particular area within a region. The method is applied in the region of Thrace (Northeast Greece) at the municipal level. The required area for SP systems was calculated in each of the 36 municipalities of Thrace (including two islands, Thassos and Samothraki) as a function of the population of each municipality, temperature and local wastewater effluent discharge criteria. Based on the GIS analysis, suitable locations were identified in each municipality first, and then the total required surface area of these systems was compared to the available surface area of each municipality, in order to decide whether SP systems could be a viable solution to the wastewater management problem in the particular region. In that way the present methodology offers a fast and simple method to check the suitability of new areas for construction of such systems. 相似文献
40.
介绍了垃圾填埋场开采回用的目的、稳定化条件和开采工艺,并结合盐田垃圾场清场处置工程实例,探讨了开采工艺中斜面分层作业和垃圾造堆工艺,得出结论:斜面分层作业和垃圾造堆,可以大大降低垃圾的密度,提高松散度,更有利于保障开挖作业安全。 相似文献