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91.
两种钝化剂对土壤Pb、Cd、As复合污染的菜地修复效果 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
通过辣椒种植田间试验,研究了硫酸铁和碳酸钙对土壤Pb、Cd和As复合污染的生物有效性以及对辣椒中Pb、Cd、As迁移与累积的影响.结果表明:(1)硫酸铁和碳酸钙都能显著降低土壤中Pb、Cd的TCLP提取态含量,使土壤中As的TCLP提取态含量显著升高.(2)硫酸铁使辣椒果实中Pb和Cd含量分别降低7.2%~22.9%和2.3%~2.9%,而对As含量没有影响;碳酸钙使辣椒果实中Pb、Cd、As的含量分别降低15.8%~16.3%、11.8%~15.0%、0.03%~53.2%.(3)硫酸铁使辣椒茎到果实中Pb、Cd、As的转运系数分别最大降低16.7%、68.0%、10.2%;碳酸钙使辣椒茎到果实中Pb、Cd、As的转运系数分别最大降低16.7%、51.5%、45.6%.硫酸铁和碳酸钙都能有效降低旱地中Pb、Cd、As向辣椒中迁移,且碳酸钙效果比硫酸铁好. 相似文献
92.
93.
浅层平铺炭质吸附剂治理多氯联苯污染底泥的有效性评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以颗粒活性炭和粉末活性炭为修复剂,并对其表面性质进行了表征.同时,应用三维荧光光谱、半透膜被动采样装置(SPMDs)和低密度聚乙烯膜(LDPEs)被动采样3种方法评价其治理多氯联苯污染底泥的效果.三维荧光实验结果表明,到第3个月,底泥修复开始显现了比较明显的效果,溶解性污染物明显减少.SPMDs试验结果显示,颗粒活性炭和粉末活性炭修复的底泥在修复后的第5个月,其目标污染物PCB40被摄取量的减少率分别达到88%和70%,LDPEs相应结果达到了91%和83%.试验表明,炭质吸附剂浅层平铺修复污染底泥效果显著,且颗粒炭比粉末炭修复效果更好. 相似文献
94.
选取湖南某矿区重金属和砷复合污染稻田土,以盆栽实验研究了施用组配改良剂LMF(碳酸钙+偏高岭土+钙镁磷肥)对土壤中Pb、Cd和As的生物有效性和水稻糙米中Pb、Cd和As累积效应的影响.结果表明:施用LMF能显著增加供试土壤pH值、交换性盐基总量(TEB)和阳离子交换量(CEC),对盐基饱和度(BS)和有机质(OM)含量无显著影响.施用LMF能显著降低土壤中Pb、Cd的交换态和酸可提取态含量,以及降低Pb的TCLP提取态含量,对Cd的TCLP提取态含量无明显效果.LMF施用使土壤中As的交换态和TCLP提取态含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且均在施用量为2 g·kg-1时含量最低.随着LMF施用量的增加,水稻糙米中Pb、Cd的含量分别降低了8.44%~99.6%、27.5%~74.1%,而水稻糙米中As含量呈现出先下降后上升的趋势.除Cd的TCLP提取态和酸可提取态外,Pb、Cd和As的其它提取态含量与其在水稻糙米中的含量均呈现出显著正相关关系(p0.05或p0.01). 相似文献
95.
城市污水厂污泥快速好氧堆肥技术研究 总被引:23,自引:1,他引:22
以污泥静态堆肥工艺为基础,针对上海曲阳污水处理厂的脱水污泥进行动态好氧堆肥处理工艺研究,重点研究了控制参数和评价参数(温度、含水率、pH、水溶性有机碳和发芽指数等)变化规律.结果表明:污泥堆肥过程中,含水率、物料温度、水溶性有机碳、发芽指数等指标变化规律性强,效果指示性明显,均可选作堆肥腐熟度的表征参数或评价参数.在优化工艺条件下,通过添加适量的木屑和回流物料,控制物料初始含水率在60%±2%时,堆肥处理可以实现顺利升温并在>55℃维持4d,100%杀灭了病原菌;14d反应周期结束时,物料含水率显著降低,水溶性有机质降解50%左右,出料松散且无臭味,堆肥产品腐熟,卫生学指标达到了我国标准和美国EPA污泥产品A类标准. 相似文献
96.
Naoko Takada-Oikawa Norihisa Katoh Toshio Oshida Sukeo Kawanabe Toshikazu Kaise 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2000,2(2):138-142
A potting experiment was carried out to determine the effects of soil amendments containing polysaccharides and earthworms
on a land application system for the purification of animal waste water. The following soil amendments were used: purified
Konjak powder (KP, powder containing glucomannan made from the root system of devil's tongue, Amorphophalus rivieri Dur.), crystallized cellulose (CC), and a mixture of the two (MX). These soil amendments were added to the pots, and then
Chrysanthemum corondria were planted in the earthworm pots (A pots), the nonearthworm pots (B pots), and the control pots (C pots); the first two
plots received primary-treated animal waste water, and the other one received tap water. The following items were then measured:
pH, electrical conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus, the volume of drained water from each pots, the height and dry matter weight of
plants, and the water permeability into the soil. The MX-A pots, i.e., the pots containing both soil amendments and earthworms,
gave good results, especially for water permeability, plant growth, the purification of CODMn, and TN. These results suggest that the presence of soil amendments and earthworms may enhance the improvement of water quality
in land application systems using vegetation.
Received: December 9, 1998 / Accepted: February 8, 2000 相似文献
97.
Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA. 相似文献
98.
Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils. Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator, which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb. The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues. The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was: leaf > stem > root. The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied. The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application. Compared with CK (control check), EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant. The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23–680.56 mg/kg to 29.07–1905.57 mg/kg. This research demonstrated that B. maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil, especially, combination with EDTA. 相似文献
99.
100.
以新鲜鸡、牛粪为材料 ,研究了不同堆制方法对粪便发酵温度与脱水率的影响。结果表明 :牛粪中添加 10 0g·kg-1的稻草在堆制开始 5d ,温度较高 ,但第 3 0天时脱水率反而低于添加 5 0g·kg-1稻草的处理 ;覆盖薄膜降低了粪便脱水速率 ;分批添加物料方法发酵 12d ,堆肥含水量由开始的 5 2 0g·kg-1下降到 5 0 3g·kg-1,而同期 1次添加物料方法发酵 ,堆肥水分含量为 5 5 4g·kg-1。 相似文献