Microbial biodegradation of microcystin-RR by bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05

A strain,USTB-05,isolated from Lake Dianchi,China,degraded the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-RR(MC-RR) at the rate of 16.7 mg/L per day.Analysis of 16S rDNA sequence showed that the strain was Sphingopyxis sp.Enzymatic degradation pathways for MC-RR by Sphingopyxis sp.USTB-05 were identified.Adda-Arg peptide bond of MC-RR was cleaved and then a hydrogen and a hydroxyl were combined onto the NH 2 group of Adda and the carboxyl group of arginine to form a linear molecule as intermediate product within the ...     

Selective removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from water by molecularly-imprinted amino-functionalized silica gel sorbent

A molecularly-imprinted amino-functionalized sorbent for selective removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D) was prepared by a surface imprinting technique in combination with a sol-gel process.The 2,4-D-imprinted amino-functionalized silica sorbent was characterized by FT-IR,nitrogen adsorption and static adsorption experiments.The selectivity of the sorbent was investigated by a batch competitive binding experiment using an aqueous 2,4-D and 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) mixture or using an aqueous 2...     

Real-time fluorescent quantitative immuno-PCR method for determination of fluoranthene in water samples with a molecular beacon

A reliable and sensitive competitive real-time fluorescent quantitative immuno-PCR (RTFQ-IPCR) assay using a molecular beacon was developed for the determination of trace fluoranthene (FL) in the environment. Under optimized assay conditions, FL can be determined in the concentration range from 1 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL, with y = 0.194x + 7.859, and a correlation coe cient of 0.967 was identified, with a detection limit of 0.6 fg/mL. Environmental water samples were successfully analyzed, recovery was between 90% and 116%, with intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) of 6.7%–12.8% and inter-day RSD of 8.4%–15.2%. The results obtained from RTFQ-IPCR were confirmed by ELISA, showing good accuracy and suitability to analyze FL in field samples. As a highly sensitive method, the molecular beacon-based RTFQ-IPCR is acceptable and promising for providing reliable test results to make environmental decisions.     

电化学发光、分子印迹技术及其结合技术分析

电化学发光是一种不需要外加激发光源,而且背景信号低,线性范围宽,不需要昂贵设备的方法.分子印迹却是一种具有高度识别性和选择性的新技术.通过结合两者,可制备出具有选择性好、灵敏度高、检测限低、易于操作等特点的分子印迹-电化学发光传感器.近年来,在有毒有害物质、残留农药、药物质量检测以及生物传感器制备等多领域具有广泛的应用.本综述简要介绍电化学发光、分子印迹技术以及分子印迹-电化学发光传感器的应用概况,为今后的检测技术提供了一种新方法.     

分子印迹硅纳米改性氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备及其对双酚A的吸附研究

制备了分子印迹硅纳米-氧化石墨烯复合吸附材料,并研究了复合材料对双酚A(Bisphenol A,BPA)的吸附性能。实验结果表明:复合吸附材料对BPA的吸附在35min内达到吸附平衡,Langmuir等温线模型得出最大吸附容量约为338.3mg/g;相对于BPA的结构类似物,对BPA具有良好的选择吸附性能;在溶液p H接近6时对BPA的去除率最高,低温条件有利于吸附的进行;该材料具有优异的循环吸附性能。     

活化分子氧降解水中典型新污染物研究进展

近年来,新污染物在水体中被频繁检出,其化学性质稳定、易生物积累,给生态环境和人类健康带来严重威胁. 为解决此问题,高级氧化技术逐渐发展为一种有前景的环境修复方法,在众多氧化剂中,分子氧(O₂)是丰富、经济、绿色的氧化剂. O₂主要经由催化促进的电子转移和能量转移途径而被活化,进而转化为活性氧物种(ROS). 活化O₂转化为ROS,有望成为清除水中新污染物富有潜力的研究方法和实用技术. 目前,研发更高效催化材料(或其他类型活化材料),以实现对O₂的高效活化和对污染物的彻底、快速降解是相关领域研究的关注焦点. 本文重点介绍了活化O₂降解水中新污染物的基本概念和最新研究进展,包括O₂可转化生成的主要ROS、O₂活化策略、活化O₂用于降解新污染物的研究成果等,并对O₂活化所遇到的核心问题和未来发展趋势进行了总结和展望.      

土壤-地下水系统中石油烃的迁移和生物降解述评

石油烃具有生物累积性,能长期留存在环境中。准确掌握环境中石油烃的行为及归宿,对有效控制石油烃污染、保护人类健康具有重要意义。生物降解是石油烃在土壤-地下水系统中归宿的主要途径。重点阐述了石油烃在土壤-地下水系统中的迁移,降解石油烃的微生物,生物降解机理,影响生物降解的因素,微生物修复技术,以及利用微生物分子生态学来监测生物降解过程的现状,并展望了未来的发展方向。     

火锅会变成“毒”锅吗

正冬季生意最火爆的餐馆是哪里?我想很多人的答案都会是火锅店。现在火锅餐饮发展很快,出现了不少品牌火锅餐饮连锁企业,以创新的服务理念取胜;但满街也有不少小的火锅店,以价格取胜。可是,火锅会有哪些食品安全方面的问题,大家真的有了解过吗?     

Cu(Ⅱ)印迹[CTS/PVP]和[CTS/PVP/C]材料的制备及表征

以壳聚糖(CTS)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、活性炭(C)为基材,Cu(Ⅱ)为印迹离子,制备了CTS/PVP共混印迹球[Cu(Ⅱ)-IICP]和CTS/PVP/C共混印迹球[Cu(Ⅱ)-IICPC].以Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附量作为评价指标,对两种共混印迹球的制备条件进行了优化.研究结果表明,当CTS/PVP的质量比为6∶4,活性炭质量分数为0.6%,Cu(Ⅱ)模板剂质量分数为0.05%,所制备的两种共混印迹球吸附性能较佳,且对Cu(Ⅱ)有较好的选择吸附性.物理吸附分析结果表明,与未印迹相比印迹材料的比表面积明显增大.FTIR谱图分析,Cu(Ⅱ)模板主要与CTS和PVP中的—NH2和—OH发生了配位作用.XRD谱图分析结果表明,CTS与PVP、C、Cu(Ⅱ)之间发生了相互作用,改变了CTS原有的晶体结构,使其结晶度降低.