HP6890色谱柱用于环境空气中微量恶臭硫化物的检测

利用HP6890型气相色谱仪进行环境空气中微量恶臭硫化物分析,实验结果表明:分离效果、峰形都很好,实验采用4种柱箱初始温度及升温程序,分别由初始温度70℃升温至90℃、120℃、130℃及由初始温度150℃,最后升温至190℃,相应分析一个样品的时间依次为:130.515min、63.419min、56.359min及11.116min,样品分析时间大大缩短,可提高分析效率。     

火场中纸面石膏板显微结构的SEM分析

运用SEM(扫描电子显微镜),对经历不同火场温度的纸面石膏板试块的显微结构进行观察和分析.结果表明:纸面石膏板在受热时,其组成、结构将发生改变.当受热温度达到300℃时,护面纸与石膏芯材的结合松动,护面纸发生热分解、炭化,以及石膏芯材网状晶体骨架结构疏松、断裂、破碎,完整性遭到破坏,强度基本丧失;受热温度越高,纸面石膏板显微结构的破坏越严重.     

建筑火灾增长阶段室内温度的时间特性研究

为研究建筑火灾增长阶段室内温度的时间变化规律,提出了高温烟气的主要几种热损失的计算方法,发展了受火室与未受火室及环境的热平衡方程,并采用牛顿-拉菲尔森法迭代得到受火室的温度变化.计算了慢速、中速、快速、超快速四种火灾增长速率下,受火室气相温度及烟气热损失随时间的变化.本文的研究方法及有关结果可以为建筑防火及安全疏散提供有力依据.     

重庆长寿地区垂直温度结构特征分析

本文根据在长寿地区进行的一系列大气边界层探空试验资料,分析了大气温度垂直结构特征以及与逆温有关的大气扩散条件。     

海水热扩散研究进展与新问题分析

从实际的工程背景出发，较为详细地介绍了国内外关于热扩散问题的研究进展。还针对海水源热泵系统应用分析了当前研究存在的不足，指出了今后在该问题方面的研究方向。     

Influence of carbon source and temperature on the denitrifying phosphorus removal process

To supply the valuable operating parameters for the popular usage of the new denitrifying phosphors removal process, it is essential to study the dominant biochemical reactions and the characteristics of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB). Thus, parallel batch experiments using DPB sludge were carried out to assess the effect of substrates (sewage, HAc, and endogenous carbon source) on denitrifying dephosphorus removal efficiency in this study. The results showed that the initial specific phosphorus release rate increased with the high concentration of the short-chain volatile fatty acids ratio in the influent, and sufficient phosphorus was released by DPB. This improved the subsequent denitrification and phosphorus uptake efficiency. The specific endogenous denitrification mainly relies on the internal carbon source (PHB) stored by poly-P bacteria. Denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria were very hungry when the internal PHB was consumed. Consequently, the specific endogenous denitrification rate was low and the phosphorus uptake did not happen. On the other hand, in the experiment, the denitrifying phosphorus removal performance under two temperature conditions (8–10°C and 25–26°C) was also investigated and analyzed. It was found that the lower temperature decreased the specific phosphorus release and uptake rate, but did not inhibit the denitrifying phosphorus removal completely. Therefore, the negative influence of the low temperature on the overall phosphorus removal was not significant. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26 (2): 186–192 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

温度循环-应变作用下聚醚推进剂老化机理研究

目的 掌握聚醚推进剂在温度循环与应变耦合作用下的老化机理.方法 开展65～75℃温度循环和3％预应变耦合作用下的老化试验,针对不同老化时间的聚醚推进剂,分析抗拉强度、伸长率等力学性能的变化规律,以及表面微观损伤、分子官能团、反应热等微观损伤演变情况,综合推断聚醚推进剂宏观-微观关联老化机理.结果 随着老化时间延长,最大抗拉强度波动下降,最大伸长率先增大、后减小;高氯酸铵和聚醚粘合剂的分解峰温均向低温方向移动,位于1410 cm?1的高氯酸铵吸收峰增强,而位于1565、1725 cm?1的聚醚粘合剂中氨基甲酸酯、酰胺基团吸收峰下降;嵌在聚醚粘合剂内部的高氯酸铵逐渐暴露,且部分高氯酸铵颗粒与周围界面明显分离,并出现小孔洞.结论 在长期温度循环和预应变作用下,聚醚推进剂分子主链中酰胺基团的C—N键由于分子间结合力较弱而分解断链,破坏了分子主链网状交联结构,使得分散其中的AP粒子逐渐露出表面,并呈现部分断裂损伤特征,引起抗拉强度下降.     

Numerical parametric study of a new earth-air heat exchanger configuration designed for hot and arid climates

ABSTRACT

Thermal potential for cooling and heating can be achieved by new configuration of earth–air heat exchanger (EAHE). This paper presents a numerical investigation of thermal performance of a spiral-shaped configuration of EAHE intended for the summer cooling in hot and arid regions of Algeria. A commercial finite volume software (ANSYS FLUENT) has been used to carry out the transient three-dimensional simulations and the obtained results have been validated using the experimental and numerical data obtained from the literature. The agreement between our simulation results and those from literature is very satisfactory. A parametric analysis of the new geometry of (EAHE) has been performed to investigate the effect of pitch, depth, pipe length and of the flow velocity on the outlet air temperature and the EAHE’s mean efficiency as well as its coefficient of performance (COP). It has been shown that when the pitch space varies between 0.2 and 2 m the difference of outlet air temperature increases by 6 ^°C. When the air velocity increases from 2 to 5 m/s the mean efficiency decreases from 60 % to 33 % and the COP of the EAHE decreases from 2.84 to 0.46.     

江津润湿时间的温度分布研究

采用直接读取、4点统计、24点统计三种方法研究了江津试验站1998年的润湿时间的温度分布,研究表明,可以利用全年每天2、8、14、20点的4个数据统计年润湿时间的温度分布;江津地区润湿时间的温度分布特征主要为：(1)99％的年润湿时间是在5℃至30℃温度范围,每月润湿时间的温度波动一般为15℃;(2)在(0～5)℃、(5～10)℃、(10～15)℃、(15～20)℃、(20～25)℃、(25～30)℃、(30～35)℃区间内,4点统计法各区间润湿时间的百分比分别为0.34％、13．4％、24．5％、18．3％、26．0％、17．4％、0．0％。     

Specificity of Life Conditions for Commercial Invertebrates on Artificial Substrates in the Eutrophicated Amur Bay,the Sea of Japan

The consequences of anthropogenic impact on the water area of Amur Bay (the Sea of Japan) near Vladivostok include the eutrophication of coastal waters and littering with various objects used as artificial substrates, which protect sedentary animals from predators and contribute to the survival of their larvae. An indicator of eutrophication, the diatom Skeletonema costatum accounting for 81–96% of the total abundance of phytoplankton (Stonik and Selina, 1995), is consumed mainly by barnacles and the Pacific oyster. Thus, these animals gain an advantage in the colonization of artificial substrates. The results of the study suggest that eutrophication will lead to changes in the structure of the marine community.