Sorption of biodegradation end products of nonylphenol polyethoxylates onto activated sludge

IntroductionRecently ,nonylphenolpolyethoxylates (NPnEO (n :numberofethoxyunits(EOs) )havebecomeaproblematicissueforthereasonthatthesecompounds,animportantgroupofnonionicsurfactants ,havebeenusedwidelyinvariousindustriesasflocculants,dispersants,emulsifie…     

地震科技创新

2011年6月8—9日,中国地震局2011年地震科技工作会议在京召开。这次会议是在“十二五”开局之年召开的一次重要会议,也是学习贯彻温家宝总理在中国科协第八次全国代表大会上的重要讲话精神,深入落实全国防震减灾工作会议和《国务院关于进一步加强防震减灾工作的意见》精神的一次重要会议。     

Lead adsorption capacities of different components in natural surface coatings

Pb adsorption capacities of Fe oxide, Mn oxide and organic materials in natural surface coatings (biofilms and associated minerals) collected in three lakes, two ponds and a river in Jilin Province, China and Cayuga Lake in US were studied. A novel extraction technique was employed to remove one or more component(s) from the surface coatings. Pb adsorption to surface coatings before and after extraction was performed to determine the adsorptive properties of the extracted component(s). The statistical analysis of observed Pb adsorption was carried out using nonlinear least squares fitting (NLSF) to estimate the Pb adsorption capacity of each component of surface coatings. For each body of water, the estimated Pb adsorption capacity of Mn oxide( mol Pb/mol Mn) was significantly higher than that of Fe oxide( mol Pb/ mol Fe). The value of estimated adsorption capacities of organic materials with the unit mol Pb per kg COD was similar to or less than that of Fe oxides with the unit mol Pb per mol Fe. Comparison of components of surface coatings in different waters showed that the estimated Pb adsorption capacities of components in surface coatings developed in different natural waters were different,especially for Mn oxides.     

Surface microlayer enrichment of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds in drinking water source

Enrichment of volatile organic compounds(VOC) and semi-volatility organic compounds(SVOC) in surface microlayer(SM) of three ddnking water sources were studied. The enrichment factor(EFs) were 0.67 to 13.37 and 0.16 to 136, respectively. The results showed some VOC and most SVOC could enrich in SM. Some EFs of SVOC was quite high. Suspension and temperature could affect EFs of SVOC, slim wind and water movement do not destroy enrichment of organic in SM.     

不同曝气方式对人工湿地细菌多样性、代谢活性及功能的影响

细菌在人工湿地去除污染物过程中起着非常关键的作用.基于DNA和RNA高通量测序技术探讨了不同曝气强化方式影响下的人工湿地单元内细菌多样性、代谢活性和功能.结果发现:①养殖废水和人工湿地处理组共检测到细菌4 042个操作分类单元(OTUs),其中α-变形菌、γ-变形菌和拟杆菌为多样性最高的类群,且人工湿地曝气强化方式会在...     

基于奇异谱分析和极限学习机的风速多步预测

风速预测对风力发电系统具有重要的影响，为获得更高精度的风速预测结果，针对多步风速预测，成功开发了一种基于奇异谱分析和优化极限学习机的新型预测模型。首先，采用奇异谱分析将风速时间序列分解为一组相对平稳的分量，以降低风速序列的随机性对预测结果的影响；然后，对分解得到的分量分别建立极限学习机预测模型，为进一步提高预测性能，将1种新颖的活性竞争萤火虫算法用于优化极限学习机的输入权值和隐含层偏置；最后，叠加全部分量的预测值得到实际预测结果。仿真结果表明，基于奇异谱分析和活性竞争萤火虫算法优化极限学习机的模型在1步到3步风速预测中实现了较高精度的预测结果。     

(竹)香味塑料板挥发性能的研究

采用TD-GCMS法对(竹)香味塑料板不同时期的样本分析,同时和主观气味评价结果相结合,来研究(竹)香味塑料板随时间推移其挥发特性变化情况。试验结果表明:不同时期的(竹)香味塑料板共检测出33种挥发性有机物,其中有不饱和烯烃12种,烷烃类3种,醇类6种,醛类3种,酯类3种,酚类3种,硅氧烷类2种,其他类1种;通过相关性分析得出气味等级和烷烃类、酚类物质呈显著负相关(P0.05),和α-松油醇、别罗勒烯、香茅醇呈显著负相关(P0.05);同时利用主成分分析(PCA)提取出2个对(竹)香味塑料板挥发性性能影响较大的主成分。通过本文的研究能够掌握(竹)香味塑料板下线后的挥发特性变化,为新产品研发提供理论依据。     

活性红M-3BE在多级臭氧气浮工艺中的迁移转化特性

针对传统污泥法对印染废水中有机物去除效果有限的问题,利用多级臭氧气浮中试实验系统(DOIF)对活性红M-3BE印染废水进行深度处理,研究不同操作参数对DOIF工艺处理效果的影响,优化DOIF工艺。为进一步确定印染废水中有机物的迁移转化过程,采用紫外可见分光光度计、三维荧光(3D-EEM)和液相色谱等方法进行了分析。结果表明,臭氧气浮氧化脱色效果良好,臭氧投加量、PAC投加量和回流比分别为21 mg?L~(-1)、9 mg?L~(-1)和40%的情况下,废水脱色率和DOC去除率分别达到99.1%和25.2%。臭氧气浮降解活性红M-3BE的工艺中,臭氧催化氧化过程中的矿化起主要作用。其作用机理推测为,首先活性红M-3BE非对称断键为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ,其次Ⅰ分解为2种中间产物,并随后分解为萘和萘酚,Ⅱ分解为均三嗪,Ⅲ分解为苯环。多级臭氧气浮工艺对活性红M-3BE印染废水去除效果明显,为后续臭氧气浮技术工程化应用提供了参考依据。     

烧结机头烟气脱硫脱硝技术比较分析

本文提出了目前常见的两种烧结机头烟气脱硫脱硝超低排放工艺技术:CFB脱硫+SCR脱硝工艺和活性焦脱硫脱硝一体化工艺,并对两种脱硫脱硝技术的工艺过程和工艺特点进行了比较和分析。