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排序方式: 共有630条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Helena Wedin Ellinor Niit Zaheer Ahmad Mansoor Anna Rúna Kristinsdottir Hanna de la Motte Christina Jönsson Åsa Östlund Christofer Lindgren 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(9):3603-3612
The chemical recycling of cellulosic fibres may represent a next-generation fibre–fibre recycling system for cotton textiles, though remaining challenges include how to accommodate fibre blends, dyes, wrinkle-free finishes, and other impurities from finishing. These challenges may disrupt the regeneration process steps and reduce the fibre quality. This study examines the impact on regenerated viscose fibre properties of a novel alkaline/acid bleaching sequence to strip reactive dyes and dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneureas (DMDHEU) wrinkle-free finish from cotton textiles. Potentially, such a bleaching sequence could advantageously be integrated into the viscose process, reducing the costs and environmental impact of the product. The study investigates the spinning performance and mechanical properties (e.g., tenacity and elongation) of the regenerated viscose fibres. The alkaline/acid bleaching sequence was found to strip the reactive dye and DMDHEU wrinkle-free finish from the cotton fabric, so the resulting pulp could successfully be spun into viscose fibres, though the mechanical properties of these fibres were worse than those of commercial viscose fibres. This study finds that reactive dyes and DMDHEU wrinkle-free finish affect the viscose dope quality and the regeneration performance. The results might lead to progress in overcoming quality challenges in cellulosic chemical recycling. 相似文献
2.
Thi Binh Minh Nguyen A.T.M. Nurul Amin 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2002,4(3):279-297
In recent years flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing countries have rapidly been increasing. It is now an important contributor to the national economy and urban growth in scores of developing countries. Rapid urbanization in these countries is leading to many problems in the cities. Existing urban infrastructure and municipal services have been unable to cope with the increased demand arising from growing population and rapid economic growth. Consequently, the environment in these cities has deteriorated alarmingly. This paper assesses the role of FDI in urban environmental management (UEM) by analyzing the linkages between them for Hanoi City in Vietnam. The paper's analysis and findings are presented under three main themes: one, FDI, employment and income; two, FDI and environmental degradation; and three, potential of utilizing FDI for the provision of urban environmental infrastructure and services (UEI&S) in order to improve the urban environment. Both primary and secondary source data have been used. Policy implications of the research findings are drawn from the perspective of sustainable development. 相似文献
3.
Le Nguyen Truc Thinh Nguyen An Ha Nguyen Thi Vinh Tien Nguyen Dinh Lam Nguyen Duc Hong Nguyen Van Tuan Nguyen Tat Hanh Ta Van Khanh Nguyen Ngoc Thanh Nguyen Ngoc Hens Luc 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(10):12427-12445
Environment, Development and Sustainability - The recent growth of agriculture, industry and urban areas in Vietnam requires a large amount of water consumption as a production factor. This paper... 相似文献
4.
Son Ngo Thanh Le Huong Hoang Loc Nguyen Duc Phuong Tran Trong 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(3):3091-3109
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Land use and land cover (LULC) changes, climate variability and climate change (CC) contribute hydrological response in tropical catchments, but their... 相似文献
5.
Bass B Economou V Lee CK Perks T Smith SA Yip Q 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,85(2):199-219
Indoor environmental health is now recognized as an important factor in preventing respiratory health problems in the United States. It is also a concern in Canada due to the amount of time that Canadians spend indoors because of cold weather and the potential for increased time indoors during the summer if theclimate warms. The negative health effects are often labeled assick building syndrome, but diagnosing a building or itsoccupants as sick is complicated by the variety of symptoms, thepresence of chronic versus acute symptoms and social andpsychological (socio-psychological) factors that may reduce theeffectiveness of an engineering solution. As a case study, thecontribution of various factors to indoor environmental health,in three buildings at the University of Toronto, was examinedusing five different methods. The results indicate that theinhabitants of the buildings consider features other than airquality in considering building health such as design,maintenance, funding cuts and socio-psychological factors. 相似文献
6.
Louis Lebel Nguyen Hoang Tri Amnuay Saengnoree Suparb Pasong Urasa Buatama Le Kim Thoa 《Ambio-人类环境杂志》2002,31(4):311-323
越南的养虾业正处在对生产体系的基础改造,使其转变成一个重要产业的过程中.该地区其他国家的经验,特别是高投入生产体系占主导地位的泰国的经验表明,现在正是通过干预使养虾业改道进入在生态、社会和经济上更可持续的道路.在泰国,实施强化的体系和复杂的产业组织的多年经验并没有获得可持续的解决办法.这里所面临的任务是使社会重新赢得控制并沿着更有效和良性发展的道路改变改革的发展方向.我们的分析结果表明,这两个国家的现行方法不可能使养虾业可持续的发展,需要对整个对虾的生产、喂养、加工、供销及管理的方式进行全面改革. 相似文献
7.
Farideh Z. Bischoff PhD Dorothy E. Lewis Joe Leigh Simpson Dianne D. Nguyen Jeffrey Scott Wendy Schober Sarah Murrell Sherman Elias 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(12):1182-1184
Recovering and analysing fetal erythrocytes from maternal blood is being pursued for non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis. We report the observation of 46, XY/47, XXY mosaicism in fetal cells from a woman whose first-trimester chorionic villus sampling (CVS) initially showed only 46, XY. Only after exhaustive (500 cells) analysis were four XXY cells found in cultured villi. 相似文献
8.
Scott Murtishaw Jayant Sathaye Christina Galitsky Kristel Dorion 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(3):645-665
The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the Center for Sustainable Development in the Americas (CSDA)
conducted technical studies and organized two training workshops to develop capacity in Central America for the evaluation
of climate change projects. This paper describes the results of two baseline case studies conducted for these workshops, one
for the power sector and one for the cement industry, that were devised to illustrate certain approaches to baseline setting.
Multiproject baseline emission rates (BERs) for the main Guatemalan electricity grid were calculated from 2001 data. In recent
years, the Guatemalan power sector has experienced rapid growth; thus, a sufficient number of new plants have been built to
estimate viable BERs. We found that BERs for baseload plants offsetting additional baseload capacity ranged from 0.702 kgCO2/kWh
(using a weighted average stringency) to 0.507 kgCO2/kWh (using a 10th percentile stringency), while the baseline for plants
offsetting load-following capacity is lower at 0.567 kgCO2/kWh. For power displaced from existing load-following plants, the
rate is higher, 0.735 kgCO2/kWh, as a result of the age of some plants used for meeting peak loads and the infrequency of
their use. The approved consolidated methodology for the Clean Development Mechanism yields a single rate of 0.753 kgCO2/kWh.
Due to the relatively small number of cement plants in the region and the regional nature of the cement market, all of Central
America was chosen as the geographic boundary for setting cement industry BERs. Unfortunately, actual operations and output
data were unobtainable for most of the plants in the region, and many data were estimated. Cement industry BERs ranged from
205 kgCO2 to 225 kgCO2 per metric ton of cement. 相似文献
9.
The diagram constructed for selection of sampling methods indicates that, for a systematic error, E ≤ 13%, grab sampling (GS) may be used to characterize effluents with variation coefficient of flow ≤ 120% and of contaminant concentrations ≤ 10%. For the whole studied range of variation coefficient of contaminant concentrations (2–82%), time-proportional compositing (TC) method may be applied with E ≤ 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients in flow < 90%. The more complicated flow-proportional compositing (FC) method is required only for effluents with larger variation coefficients or to produce more precise results. The diagram constructed for selection of sampling frequencies indicates that sequential sampling at intervals of approximately 60 min may be applied with E ≤ 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients ≤ 30%. Practical application of the diagrams, constructed using normal series, was checked against monitoring data from two pulp and paper mills in Vietnam. The two diagrams provided results on sampling methods and frequencies in good agreement with those obtained from actual monitoring data with percentages of agreement cases of 80 and 75%, respectively. The approach was applied in design of a monitoring program at the Bai Bang integrated pulp and paper mill in Vietnam. 相似文献
10.
Dung Tran Thi Thu Vassilieva Elvira Golreihan Asefeh Phung Nguyen Ky Swennen Rudy Cappuyns Valérie 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(3):1194-1203
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Understanding the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of bottom ash (BA) containing Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs, e.g., As, Cd, Co, Cu,... 相似文献