Occurrence,source apportionment,and carcinogenic risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road dusts in Shanghai

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a class of important environmental pollutants, have received considerable concern due to their widespread...     

脱硫石膏基羟基磷灰石对Cu2+吸附性能的研究

以燃煤电厂废弃物脱硫石膏(FGD)为主要原料,利用水热合成法制备羟基磷灰石(FGD-HA),利用XRD和SEM对FGD-HA的物相组成和微观形貌进行了分析和观察.通过静态吸附实验研究了吸附动力学、吸附等温线以及吸附热力学.结果表明,伪二级动力学模型相关系数为0.9998,是描述FGD-HA吸附Cu2+的最佳动力学模型,Cu2+在FGD-HA上的吸附平衡符合Langmuir等温线模型(R2=0.9846),热力学表明此吸附是自发吸热的过程.利用响应面分析法对Cu2+的吸附条件进行优化,得出投加量3.11g/L、pH值4.96、温度22.09℃、Cu2+初始浓度24.75mg/L为最佳吸附条件,此条件下Cu2+去除率预测值为100%,相同条件下开展的验证实验结果为97.4%,与预测值相接近说明模型的选择是实际可行的.     

基于ELCOM-CAEDYM模型的太湖蓝藻水华早期预测探讨

结合太湖蓝藻水华形成的"四阶段理论", 基于澳大利亚西澳大学水研究中心开发的ELCOM-CAEDYM耦合模型框架构建了太湖水华蓝藻生态动力学模型,对蓝藻水华的形成进行模拟,分析了太湖蓝藻水华早期预测的可行性.结果表明:该模型在较长时间尺度上对春季复苏阶段及生长上浮阶段蓝藻水华的形成模拟效果较好,蓝藻生物量模拟值与站点调查值的误差变化范围在1.0%~70.4%,平均误差为28.0%,与MODIS卫星反演值的误差变化范围在3.8%~83.9%,平均误差40.5%;但越冬阶段蓝藻生物量模拟输出值与站点调查值的误差变化范围在3.0%~143.6%,平均误差为40.1%,与MODIS卫星反演值的误差变化范围在9.7%~118.4%,平均误差为48.8%,表明模型对蓝藻越冬过程模拟能力还不强,应在蓝藻越冬机制模拟计算方面进一步改进,以满足蓝藻水华早期预测的需要.     

不同水分管理模式对水稻生长及光合特性的影响

模拟不同地区、地形水资源状况的多样性，设置4个不同的水分灌溉处理，研究不同水分管理模式对水稻生长及光合特性的影响。结果如下：天灌水稻受到干旱胁迫。天灌水稻分蘖少且成穗率低，叶片短而窄，比叶面积小，叶面积指数低，光合速率低，产量低下。湿灌可基本维持水稻的正常生长。湿灌水稻的成穗率较高，叶片较大，光合速率较高，有较高的产量水平。淹灌不利于水稻生长。淹灌水稻根系活力较低，叶片披垂率较高，光合速率低于湿灌。配灌水稻的叶片长而宽，叶面积指数高，光合速率最高，产量最高。荧光诱导结果表明天灌处理和湿灌处理的水稻热耗散较高，而配灌处理和淹灌处理的水稻是通过发出更多的荧光来释放过量的光能。〖     

United membrane biological reactor in the treatment of wastewater

The united membrane biological reactor(UMBR) was studied for the treatment of some simulate and municipal wastewater. The removal efficiency for COD and turbidity are greater than 80% and 99% respectively. Effluent COD is less than 100 mg/L while turbidity less than 5. The removal of LAS in bath wastewater is greater than 70%. In treatment of dinning-hall wastewater, removal of fatty oil is greater than 90%, and its concentration in effluent is less than 5 mg/L. The match of biological reactor and the membrane separation component were calculated. The stable performance of wastewater treatment can be maintained by the optimization of operation conditions and the eleanout of membranes.     

The application of bioflocculant for the removal of humic acids from stabilized landfill leachates

The evaluation of bioflocculant, in comparison with traditional inorganic coagulants, for the removal of humic acids from landfill leachates stabilized by biological treatment, was performed using conventional jar-test coagulation experiments. The optimized conditions (pH and coagulant dosage) were identified for the treatment of synthetic solutions as well as for biologically pre-treated landfill leachates. It was found that the application of bioflocculant was quite efficient in the removal of humic acids from synthetic solutions as well as in the reduction of COD content from real landfill leachates. The optimal pH value was found to be between 7 and 7.5, while a 20 mg/l bioflocculant dosage was sufficient in providing more than 85% humic acid removal. The results were comparable with those obtained by the application of conventional coagulants such as alum or polyaluminum chloride; therefore, bioflocculant can be considered as a viable alternative in the treatment of landfill leachates applying coagulation.     

纳米铜复合材料催化还原染料废水的研究

以铜的有机金属框架为铜源前驱物,酚醛树脂为碳源,合成了多孔碳层支撑的Cu/Cu2O/C非贵金属复合材料.负载的Cu/Cu2O颗粒粒径在40nm左右,多孔碳层的高孔隙结构有利于Cu/Cu2O颗粒与目标物充分接触.将Cu/Cu2O/C作为催化剂用于水中多种染料类污染物(邻硝基苯、亚甲基蓝和罗丹明B)的催化还原反应中,材料重复利用5次后,目标物的降解率仍在99%以上,催化剂表现出了良好的催化活性和稳定性.     

浅谈城市污水回用及其优越性

通过对我国水资源短缺状况的论述，说明了我国城市污水回用的紧迫性、必要性。在介绍污水回用的主要用途和工艺技术的基础上，阐述了污水回用在经济、环境等方面的优越性，得出城市污水回用是解决水资源短缺的有效方法和社会发展的趋势。     

不同硝化负荷MBR去除类固醇雌激素的研究

以雌酮(E1)和17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)2种典型类固醇雌激素为研究对象,考察了不同硝化负荷好氧MBR对其的去除特性.结果表明,硝化负荷为6.19,0.35,10.58mg/(gMLSS·d)的MBR对E1平均去除率分别为72.33%、64.06%和71.77%,去除负荷分别为29.98,23.06,27.66mg/(gMLSS·d);对EE2平均去除率分别为55.40%、42.87%和58.90%,去除负荷分别为22.39,16.54,23.58mg/(gMLSS·d).E1去除效果均优于EE2.MBR硝化负荷与氨氧化细菌之间有较好的线性关系;而SEs去除负荷与氨氧化细菌及硝化负荷之间不满足线性关系.硝化负荷为0.35mg/(gMLSS·d)时,SEs去除负荷较低,硝化负荷达到6.19mg/(gMLSS·d)时,SEs的去除负荷显著提高,而当硝化负荷增加到10.58mg/(gMLSS·d)时,SEs去除负荷不再有效提高.