2014—2020年河南省PM2.5-O3复合污染特征及气象成因分析

为了解河南省PM_2.5-O₃复合污染特征及气象成因,本文基于2014—2020年河南省18个地级市的空气质量国控点数据及常规地面气象观测数据,对河南省PM_2.5-O₃的复合污染时空特征及关键气象因子影响进行分析.结果表明：(1)在空间分布上,PM_2.5-O₃复合污染天数呈由河南省中北部向周围逐渐减少的特点,而O₃单污染和PM_2.5单污染高发区均主要集中于豫北地区.(2)在时间特征上,2014—2020年PM_2.5-O₃复合污染天数呈先增加后减少的特征,最多为12 d (2014年),2016—2017年未出现复合污染;PM_2.5单污染和O₃单污染天数均呈“M”型变化趋势,PM_2.5单污染天数的2个峰值分别出现在2015年和2019年,分别为174和93 d,O₃单污染天数的2个峰值分...     

河南省近地表O3污染特征及其与气象因素之间的关系

Meteorological factors have an important influence on ozone (O₃) concentration. In order to explore the characteristics and causes of near-surface O₃ pollution in Henan Province, based on the datasets of ambient air quality monitoring stations and national basic ground climate stations in Henan Province from 2014 to 2020, this study examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of O₃ pollution in Henan Province and the relationship between O₃ and precursors and meteorological factors, and the potential sources of O₃ in Henan Province were also explored. The results showed that: (1) In terms of temporal characteristics, the annual average O₃ concentration of the maximum daily 8 h average (O₃-8 h) in Henan Province generally decreased from 2014 to 2020, showing an ‘M’ type temporal evolution. For seasonality of O₃-8 h concentration, it was highest in summer and decreased sequentially in spring, autumn, and winter, while both O₃-8 h concentration and the number of days exceeding the standard peaked in June. In terms of spatial characteristics, the O₃ concentration was generally lower in northern than in southern China, and lower in western than in eastern China. The areas with high concentrations were concentrated in southern Henan Province. (2) The O₃-8 h concentration was significantly negatively correlated with the precursor NO₂ and CO concentrations. (3) From the perspective of meteorological factors, O₃-8 h concentration was positively correlated with air temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity, indicating that high temperature (≥26 ℃) and low humidity (≤40%) were favorable for the increasing of O₃-8 h concentration. Affected by the prevailing northerly winds in autumn and winter, the O₃-8 h concentration in Henan Province showed a spatial pattern of low values in the north and high values in the south in autumn and winter, and the prevailing southerly wind in summer was conducive to the formation and maintenance of O₃ in Henan Province. (4) In the summer of 2019, the main source areas of O₃ and precursors increased gradually and changed from both inside and outside the province to mainly outside the province. Affected by the boundary cities and topographic conditions, O₃ in Henan Province accumulated locally in summer. The study shows that the near-surface O₃ pollution in Henan Province has significant spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, the pollution degree is generally reduced. The precursors of O₃ and meteorological factors (temperature, relative humidity, wind) have significant effects on O₃, and O₃ transport paths and potential sources change with time in summer.      

河南省2014-2020年PM2.5浓度时空分布特征及气象成因分析

利用2014—2020年河南省18个地级城市空气质量监测资料和气象数据，运用空间自相关分析、ArcGIS制图及相关性分析等方法，从时空分布特征上揭示河南省PM_2.5污染特征，并分析其气象成因。结果表明：河南省2014—2020年PM_2.5年均浓度为40～100μg/m³,总体呈递减趋势。PM_2.5浓度季节分布特征为冬季>秋季=春季>夏季。河南省2019年和2020年PM_2.5污染空间分布存在显著自相关，污染程度严重的地区主要是中部和东北部地区。冷热点分析发现，热点城市为濮阳、安阳、济源、郑州、新乡、焦作、鹤壁，冷点城市为信阳、驻马店、周口。PM_2.5在年尺度上与气压、气温、相对湿度、风向、风速、能见度显著相关，其中，与气温相关性最高，相关系数为-0.424。当相对湿度处于90%以下时，PM_2.5浓度与相对湿度呈正相关；而在相对湿度超过90%之后，PM_2.5浓度下降至70μg/m³...