水环境中的碘化X-射线造影剂及其去除工艺研究进展

碘化X-射线造影剂(Iodinated X-ray contrast media,ICM)在水环境中被广泛检出,因其近期被发现是碘化消毒副产物的前体物而受到越来越多的关注.本文总结了ICM在污水、地表水和饮用水等水环境中的污染现状;分析了ICM的转化产物及转化机制;重点介绍了ICM的去除工艺,包括高级氧化技术、辐射技术以及生物降解转化技术;讨论了ICM及其降解转化产物可能对环境造成的生态风险.最后,本文对未来ICM的研究前景进行了展望.     

袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在电厂除尘系统中运用的性能对比分析

针对目前火电厂除尘系统应用现状和当前环保要求,通过对袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在火电厂燃煤锅炉除尘系统中的应用,对袋式除尘器和静电除尘器在技术性能上的差异作了简单的对比分析,以指导除尘器在目前火电厂燃煤锅炉除尘系统中的具体应用。     

鄂尔多斯市与昌吉州在等量GDP条件下主要污染物总量指标对比情况分析

昌吉州和鄂尔多斯市的国土面积、人口总数及自然资源类型比较类似,在经济发展的基础条件上都具备煤炭开采及延伸产业开发的良好条件。通过对比2个地区在等量GDP条件下,不同污染物排放水平及排放总量指标的差异,分析两地污染物总量指标时间和空间分配的差距,可以为今后昌吉州在煤电、煤化工产业建设项目的环境保护管理方面提供技术参考和经验借鉴,为昌吉州争取更大的污染物排放总量指标和昌吉州今后经济跨越式发展做好有力的技术保障,为昌吉州煤电、煤化工及相关产业的合理发展提供更大的空间。     

突发事件应急预案的评估研究

对突发事件应急预案进行有效地评估,是提高应急预案实效性,保证预案能够发挥其理想效果的关键环节。目前国内应急预案的评估多为模板式评估研究,评估的依据和内容有待完善,文章探究对照法在应急预案评估中的应用,以提升应急准备能力为目的,重点对预案的充分性、可行性、完整性、可接受性、符合性这5方面进行评估,提出预案修订建议,并以真实应急预案为例具体描述评估过程。     

TEOM法与实验室称重法监测大气中TSP的对比研究

用数理统计的方法计算出TEOM法与称重法监测结果的偏差，用F检验法检验TEOM法与称重法监测结果之间的致性，用r检测法检验TEOM法与称重法监测结果之间的相关性，用t检验法检验TEOM法与称重法监测结果之间的差异，通过对比研究，找出TEOM法与称重法之间的相互关系和规律。     

‘A powerful alternative to Williams’ test with application to toxicological dose-response relationships of normally distributed data

The comparison of increasing doses of a treatment to a negative control is frequently part of toxicological studies. For normally distributed data Williams (1971, 1972) introduced a maximum likelihood test under total order restriction. But until now there seems to have been no solution for the arbitrary unbalanced case. According to the idea proposed by Robertson et al. (1988) we will apply in this article the basic concept of Williams on the class of multiple contrast tests for the general unbalanced parametric set-up. Simulation results for size and power and two examples for estimating the minimal toxic dose (MTD) are given.     

重庆市建设工程从业人员现状调查与对比分析

对重庆市106家工程建设单位的从业人员的现状的调查情况进行了分析,发现其在年龄结构、学历结构、职称结构等方面存在的问题,并针对出现的问题提出了改进的建议.     

Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation

Experimental evidence shows that cadmium （Cd） could induce oxidative stress and then causes DNA damage in animal cells, however, whether such effect exists in plants is still unclear. In the present study, Vicia faba plants was exposed to 5 and 10 mg/L Cd for 4 d to investigate the distribution of Cd in plant, the metal effects on the cell lipids, antioxidative enzymes and DNA damages in leaves. Cd induced an increase in Cd concentrations in plants. An enhanced level of lipid peroxidation in leaves and an enhanced concentration of H2O2 in root tissues suggested that Cd caused oxidative stress in Vicia faba. Compared with control, Cd-induced enhancement in superoxide dismutase activity was significant at 5 mg/L than at 10 mg/kg in leaves, by contrast, catalase and peroxidaseactivities were significantly suppressed by Cd addition. DNA damage was detected by neutral/neutral, alkaline/neutral and alkaline/alkaline Comet assay. Increased levels of DNA damages induced by Cd occurred with reference to oxidative stress in leaves, therefore, oxidative stress induced by Cd accumulation in plants contributed to DNA damages and was possibly an important mechanism of Cd-phytotoxicity in Vicia faba plants.     

GA优化的湖泊富营养化评价的普适公式探讨

在适当设定富营养化指标的“本底值”情况下,当指标值用于对应“本底值”的相对值表示时,可采用S型曲线描述湖泊富营养化的发展程度,公式中的参数可视为与指标特性无关,采用遗传算法对公式参数优化,得到对多项指标均适用的富营养化程度的指数公式,并提出用广义模糊对比因子赋权新方法计算富营养化综合指数。该评价方法物理意义明确,计算简单,使用方便,具有普适性、可比性和实用性。     

PH玻璃电极对比观测及误差研究

经过对PH玻璃电极对比观测实验，总结其在日常观测中衰减变化规律，以及PH电极失效前所具有的特征；讨论了对现有PH观测数据进行修正的方法，并编著相关修正程序；分析日常存在的测量误差，提出提高观测精度的措施。