厦门西港和九龙江口浮游植物生化组成及其环境因子效应

厦门西港和九龙江口浮游植物碳水化合物与光强、盐度和叶绿素ａ均显著正相关，蛋白质与光强有负相关关系，脂类受光强的影响较小，蛋白质与碳水化合物之比与氮磷比显正相关。１０月该海域浮游植物叶绿素ａ与生化组分含量都比４月高，与１０月海水温度和海面辐照度较高有关     

湖泊沉积物－水界面的HCO_3~－地球化学研究

为了解沉积物－水界面作为水体ＨＣＯ_３~－的源还是汇，选择云南洱海和泸沽湖两个湖泊，通过界面精细剖面和平衡计算，揭示了ＨＣＯ_３~－在界面的地球化学行为。结果表明，界面作为ＨＣＯ_３~－的源，并非汇，通过沉积物和水相互作用可以影响上覆水体的酸碱平衡关系。     

活性碳纤维吸附CS2蒸气的热力学研究

通过吸附热力学研究,计算出CS_2蒸气在活性碳纤维(ACF)上的吸附热、吸附功和吸附熵.结果表明,吸附属物理吸附范畴,所用吸附剂样品表面是不均匀的.     

Status of air pollution in Beijing

A study has been made on elements organic constituents, TSP, SO2,NO2 of atmospheric pollutants in Beijing. 17 elements, and some PAHs, e. g. B(a)P, B(b, j, k)P, and B(g, h, i)P, in airborne particles by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and HPLC, GC/MS, have been determined respectively. It has been shown that the elements Pb, Zn, S and Cu were more enriched in fine particles and different valence states of sulfur at various sites. It was found that the concentrations of S6+ and S2-were more than 85% and less than 15% of the total sulfur respectively. Concentrations of major PAHs and sulfur-containing compounds increased in winter and in urban area. High values for Pb and Zn in city, Fe and Mn at industrial area and Cu, Al rural sites were obtained respectively. This implies the functions of different elemental sources of various sites. Thus, elements can be from distingushed anthropogenic and natural sources.The main contribution of SO2 was found of to have same seasonal variation as the anthropogenic el     

浙江中西部氟的丰度与有关矿产的关系

对区内11个地层系,45个地层组(群)及岩性,岩类分别进行氟丰度和区域地球化学背景研究。全区地层平均含氟。062％,略高于克拉克值,浙西北0.052％,相当克拉克值,浙东南的陈蔡窿起区为0.067％,是一高氟背景区。陈蔡窿起带的Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn相应背景含量也高,特别是黑云斜长片麻岩,可为矿源层。     

热带假丝酵母314号固定化细胞分解苯酚的研究

1.比较了三种生长培养基对热带假丝酵母314号细胞分解苯酚活力的影响。在以苯酚为碳源的培养基中生长的细胞酶活力较高,125mg湿细胞一小时可分解苯酚5425.8μg。用3.0%的琼脂固定化后,固定化细胞酶的相对活力为44.4%。诱导能显著地提高固定化细胞的酶活力,最适的诱导时间为12—18个小时。 2.比较了固定化细胞和自然细胞的某些性质。两种细胞反应的最适温度均为37℃;反应的pH范围均在3.5—11之间;固定化细胞热稳定性稍差;Cu~(2 )和Zn~(2 )对自然细胞的活性有一定抑制作用;CN-明显抑制两种细胞酶活力。 3.固定化细胞装柱后连续处理浓度约为150ppm的苯酚溶液,20天内的出水酚浓度平均为0.29ppm,在此条件下固定化细胞的半衰期为11天。 4.连续处理苯酚过程中,固定化细胞所丧失的酶活力可以通过再培养得到恢复。     

结合优势菌处理分散式小区污水

采用分散式小区污水处理装置并结合优势菌,处理天津市某小区的生活污水,出水回用于该小区居民楼冲厕.整个装置埋于地下,不占地表面积,运行管理简单;优势菌的投加强化了厌氧处理,为后继好氧处理减轻负荷.结果表明,在原水水质CODCr为350～550,NH3-N为100～180,浊度为34～87,pH在6～9之间,出水水质在HRT=5h时,CODCr＜50mg/L,NH3-N＜10mg/L,浊度＜3,且出水无色无味,达到了《城市杂用水水质标准》(GB/T18920-2002)的相关要求.     

中国北方大米草属植被中大型底栖动物群落的初步研究

根据2004年8月底到9月初的调查结果,对长江以北沿海滩涂大米草属植物中大型底栖动物群落结构进行了研究。在采样中共发现大型底栖动物20种,其中以甲壳类和软体动物占优势,分别为8种和7种,占40%和35%,环节动物为4种,其他的1种,其中以绯泥沼螺分布最为广泛。在种类数和多样性方面:日照最高分别为9种和2.03;最低的是塘沽,分别为2种和1.00。在密度方面:崇明东滩最高为607个·m-2;最低的是丹东鸭绿江口75个·m-2;生物量最高的是盐城射阳为92.5g·m-2,最低的是塘沽为8.1g·m-2。最北的丹东和塘沽在各指标上都是最低的。通过聚类可以发现生境相似的2组丹东与塘沽,潍坊与日照。环境因素如污染及气候的不同也导致地表动物群落组成的差别。日照底栖动物群落多样性指数最高,这与当地环境地质量较高有关。     

An assessment of how distance and diesel oxidation catalyst will impact thermal decomposition behaviors of particles

Decomposition mass loss and pyrolysis products analyses of particles sampled at various locations along the tailpipe of a Euro-IV diesel engine were performed using a thermogravimetry in conjunction with Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry-mass spectrum. Diesel particles were collected at the same location with and without diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) mounted on the test engine separately. The three poles in thermal gravity-differential thermal gravity images suggested that the decomposition process of diesel particles could be divided into three stages which correspond to the decompositions of lower boiling substances, higher boiling substances and soot respectively. It is noticed that no matter whether DOC was mounted or not, the further the particles were sampled away from the engine block, the lower the peak temperatures and the heavier the mass losses within the first two stages, which indicated that the soluble organic fraction in the particle samples increased and therefore lowering the activation energy of thermal decomposition. Hydroxyl, ammonia, C_xH_y fragments, benzene, toluene, and phenol were found to be the primary products of particle decomposition, which didn't change with the location of particle sample point. The employment of DOC increased the activation energy for particle oxidation and resulted in a higher peak temperature and lower mass loss within the first-stage. Moreover, the CO stretching bands of aldehyde and ketone at 1771 cm^?1 was only detected without a DOC, while the NO₂ peak at 1634 cm^?1 was solely noticed with the presence of DOC. Compared to the first-stage pyrolysis products, more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and less C_xH_y fragments were seen in the second-stage.     

工业废气污染状况与脱硫除尘技术

对工业废气污染状况进行分析讨论,综述了工业废气的多种脱硫除尘技术。并指出应选择脱硫除尘效率高,运转可靠,不产生二次污染的方法。