棉纺印染类项目环境影响评价工作要点探析

总结了棉纺印染类项目常规生产工艺、产污环节及其特性,并剖析其项目环境影响评价工作中的常见问题与不足,从污染防治、清洁生产、循环经济及环境管理等方面出发,介绍了搞好棉纺印染类项目环境影响评价工作的要点。     

宝应县乡镇工业集中区环境影响评价

通过对宝应县乡镇工业集中区的具体情况分析，论述了对该区进行环境影响评价的特殊意义，并阐明环境影响评价应重视的要点，主要就乡镇工业集中区环境影响评价的特点、意义、评价要点及相应技术方法的选用，作一些探讨。     

某市广电发射塔搬迁的辐射环境影响分析与评价

以某县级市广播电视发射塔的搬迁项目为环境影响评价内容提供典型的案例依据,分析其在环评过程中所遇到的特点与技术要点,以为同类型项目的评价提供参考。     

汽车制造项目环境影响评价技术要点分析

本文在实际开展汽车制造项目环境影响评价的基础上,对汽车制造项目生产工艺及产污环节进行梳理,重点对废气、废水、固废、噪声源强核算过程和方法进行解析,对污染防治措施论证内容进行探讨,同时从清洁生产水平分析、政策相符性分析等方面的技术要点进行总结整理,梳理了目前汽车制造项目环评文件编制的要点核心,指出汽车整车制造项目环境影响评价中应关注的重点问题,主要在于挥发性有机废气源强和含氮、磷及重金属废水源强核算、物料平衡等,为下阶段汽车制造项目建设和环境管理提供参考。     

环境影响评价中清洁生产分析要点及方法

概述了清洁生产的内涵,清洁生产的环境影响评价要点,重点列举了清洁生产环境影响评价的各个指标,最后指出了环评中的清洁生产评价方法。     

规划环评和区域环评审查要点之比较研究

从《环评法》对规划环评对象的界定来看,区域环评隶属于规划环评范畴,但在实际工作过程中,区域环评较之其他类型的规划环评有着较为明显的差异。如在编制环境影响评价报告书时,区域开发环评遵守《开发区区域开发环境影响评价技术导则》,其他类型的规划环评则依照《规划环境影响评价技术（试行）》,同时两类环境影响评价报告书在审查目的及要点上也各有侧重。笔者从环评审查角度,分析规划环评和区域环评的差异,并在此基础上,提出两类环境影响评价报告书在编制过程中需关注的要点。     

危险废物焚烧处置项目环评应重点关注的几个问题

根据危险废物焚烧处置项目的特点,归纳并阐述了该项目环境影响评价中应重点关注的几个问题,从而为这类项目的环境影响评价工作提供参考,也为环境保护行政主管部门的审批提供充分依据。     

建设项目环评中的清洁生产水平分析

建设项目环境影响评价中开展清洁生产分析，可促使企业调整投资结构，实现从末端治理到全过程控制的战略转移。文中从原辅材料和能源、技术工艺与设备、产品特性、管理水平与员工意识、废物处理与利用等5个方面阐述了清洁生产水平分析的要点。     

建设项目环境影响评价的管理

在借鉴国外经验的基础上,我国的环境影响评价工作逐步发展起来,并且已自成体系。目前,环境影响评价工作已遍布全国,环境影响评价制度日趋完善,评价技术日臻成熟,评价队伍日益壮大,它已成为我国环境管理的重要内容。１环境影响评价的法律依据中华人民共和国环境保护法第十三条提供了建设项目需提交环境影响报告书的法律依据。第十三条中规定：“建设污染环境的项目,必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。建设项目的环境影响报告书,必须对建设项目产生的污染和对环境的影响作出评价,规定防治措施,经项目主管部门预审并依照…     

战略环境影响评价与可持续发展探讨

概述了战略环境影响评价的概念、发展由来，及可持续发展的内涵和指标体系，分析了两者之间的相互关系，强调了战略环境影响评价是达到可持续发展的中心环节，以及可持续发展对战略环境影响评价的指导作用。     

Optimization of Height of Release of Air Pollutants

A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO₂ removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion     

Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds

This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies).     

Estimation of uncertainty of sampling for analysis of pesticide residues

Abstract

A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits.     

扬中生态环境建设的思考与实践

结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足，进行了具体分析，对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实施

在实施ISO／IEC17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节，提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法，对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。     

次氯酸钠发生器的研制

介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠     

An application of the theory of kinematics of mixing to the study of tropospheric dispersion

The most common technique used for numerical simulations of tracer mixing is that of the numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation with the unresolved fluxes parameterized using the similarity theory. Despite correct predictions of the overall directions of transport, models based on a numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation lack sufficient accuracy to correctly reproduce the coupling of mixing with small scale processes which are sensitive to the microstructure of the tracer distribution. The objective of this paper is to revisit the basic formalism employed in numerical models used to investigate atmospheric tracers. The main mathematical method proposed here is the theory of kinematics of mixing which could be applied effectively for simulations of atmospheric transport processes. At the beginning of the paper, we introduce simple mathematical transformations in order to demonstrate how complex topological structures are created by mixing processes. These idealistic flow systems are essential to explain transport properties of much more complex three-dimensional geophysical flows. An example of the application of the kinematics of mixing to the analysis of tracer transport on a planetary scale is presented in the following sections. The complex filamentary structures simulated in the numerical experiment are evaluated using some commonly applied statistical measures in order to compare the results with the data published in the literature. The results of the experiment are also analysed with the help of simple conceptual models of fluid filaments. The microstructure of the tracer distribution introduced in the paper is essential to increase our understanding of atmospheric transport and to develop more realistic parameterizations of small-scale mixing. The presented results could also be used to improve calculations of the coupling between microphysical processes and tracer mixing.     

Impact of overexploitation of shellfish: northeastern coast of India

India has a very extensive coastline of about 7515 km, rich in diverse living resources. These resources continue to deteriorate with rampant harvesting or are altered for other uses such as aquaculture and fisheries. The present paper deals with degrading coastal habitats in northeastern India, and projects the intensity of the stress arising from the collection of tiger prawn seeds (Penaeus monodon) for aquacultural farms and molluskan shells for poultry feed and edible lime. Indiscriminate exploitation of these resources leads to a heavy reduction of the species concerned and other associated marine communities. The magnitude of such destruction has been quantified. The impacts of biodiversity loss and their after-effects on the ecobalance of this coastal system have become a matter of great concern to ecologists to maintain security and sustainability. The authors propose a public awareness program on themes relating to the importance of biodiversity for human livelihoods.     

Comparison of methods for evaluation of activity of photocatalytic films

Objective

This work aims to investigate the correlation between the photocatalytic activity determined by methylene blue bleaching (DIN 52980), stearic acid degradation, and degradation of acetone in gas phase.

Method

The photocatalytic TiO₂ coatings included in this investigation ranged from thin commercially available coatings (Activ^TM and BioClean^TM) and ready to use suspensions (Nano-X PK1245) to lab-produced PVD and sol?Cgel coatings. XRD analysis of the photocatalytic coatings showed that all the coatings consisted of nanocrystalline anatase, although the thickness and porosity varied considerably.

Results

The study showed that the reproducibility of the activity measurements was good. However, more importantly, the investigation showed that there is a good correlation between the activities determined by the different methods even though the characteristics of the photocatalytic coatings and the organic probe molecules varied considerably.

Conclusion

The overall findings of this work suggest that there is a good correlation between the investigated methods. These results are promising for the future work concerning standardization of methods for determination of the activity of photocatalytic films.