酒店服务业生命周期评价体系研究

生命周期评价被认为是解决环境污染问题,实现可持续性发展的重要工具。初步建立了酒店服务业生命周期评价模型,并详细地分析了酒店服务业生命周期评价的框架结构,讨论了生命周期评价在酒店服务业中的应用前景。酒店服务业生命周期评价体系必将成为未来酒店服务业实现可持续发展的主要工具。     

物元可拓法的改进及在城市环境可持续发展综合评价中的应用

根据函数单调性特点及模糊识别中最大贴近度原则,分别从距离函数和关联函数两方面对物元可拓法在城市环境可持续发展综合评价过程中存在的不足进行了改进。距离函数改进后,能够真实地反应变量与区间的关系;关联函数改为贴近度函数后,评价结果中不再出现负值,易于级别的判定。采用改进后的物元可拓法建立了城市环境可持续发展综合评价的多级物元模型,对城市环境可持续发展现状进行了综合评价,结果表明该方法更快捷,评价结果能更客观地反映城市环境可持续发展现状。     

浅谈浙江省环境服务业的发展

环境服务业是浙江省环境保护及相关产业中发展最迅速的行业之一,是服务业中的朝阳产业。文章介绍了浙江省环境服务业的现状,分析了环境服务业发展的制约因素,提出了促进环境服务业发展的措施。     

积极推进环境咨询服务业的发展

本文根据环境咨询服务业的内涵,分析了国内外环境咨询服务业的发展现状和我国环境咨询服务业面临的发展机遇,提出了我国环境咨询服务业发展的重点和对策。     

我国环境服务业的发展现状及问题和对策

我国环境服务业正在逐步确认其在环保产业中的主导地位。文章基于2012年、2013年和2014年三次环保服务业财务统计调查数据,分析了环境服务业的发展现状,指出行业发展中存在的主要问题,并提出进一步推动我国环境服务业发展的对策和建议。     

基于熵权法和灰色综合评价法的内蒙古科技服务业发展研究

通过建立指标体系,对科技服务业在区域发展的水平进行科学评价。以此为基础,研究设计了一种基于熵权法和灰色综合评价法的科技服务业发展水平综合评价模型,利用2007—2014年的相关数据实证评价与分析了内蒙古的科技服务业水平。研究结果显示,科技服务业发展综合水平在内蒙古有逐年上升的趋势,但仍存在科技资源配置能力不足、科技服务业经济效益不高、科技服务业学术成果不足等问题。针对这些问题与不足,对内蒙古科技服务业的发展提出了对策建议。     

中国与国际环境咨询服务业的发展现状及趋势

近年来,国际环境咨询服务业得到迅速发展,在环保产业中的占比越来越高。本文对国际环境咨询服务业进行了定义,阐述了其包含的主要服务内容,并在分析国际环境咨询服务业发展现状和面临机遇的基础上,提出了发展我国国际环境咨询服务业的具体建议,包括提供服务的主要行业和目的国家,以及发展模式和产业方向。     

环境服务业市场需求及发展

文章分析了“十五”计划期间我间环境服务业市场各种需求，对我国环境服务业目前的供需能力作了评价，并提出了发展对策。     

高校校园整体声环境现状评价方法研究

为了能更精确地对高校校园整体声环境现状进行评价,首先对高校校园进行了功能区划分,然后使用判断矩阵法确定了每个功能区的权重,最后使用通过GB3096-2008中规定的普查监测法测量得到的网格噪声数据具体演示了采用模糊综合评判法对一所大学的声环境现状进行评价的方法。此方法比单纯地把校园全部网格噪声数据进行算术平均运算后得到的值来反映高校校园的声环境现状更符合客观实际。     

基于SBM-Malmquist指数模型的区域环境效率研究——以福建省2004—2013年的面板数据为例

利用福建省9个设区市2004—2013年的环境效率评价指标,运用SBM模型对环境效率的静态水平进行分析和评价,在此基础上运用Malmquist指数模型分析其动态变化趋势,并综合经济发展水平、环境效率和典型区域特征,将9个设区市的环境效率划分为三个等级。在深入实施生态省战略和加快城镇化建设的背景下,福建省要坚持综合平均、区域协调的发展方向,在维护良好自然环境质量的同时进一步优化产业结构,降低能源消耗量,改善能源利用效率,着力发展轻工业和服务业,提升环境效率。     

面向管理的海洋修复工程生态绩效考核指标体系构建研究

目前国内关于海洋修复工程的考核研究多为修复工程的生态效果考核,极少包含成本效益考核,以致无法比较和分析不同类型、不同规模的海洋修复工程的生态绩效,不利于海洋修复工程的考核和验收管理。根据当前自然资源部实施“蓝色海湾”等整治修复工程的检查验收管理的新需求,本文构建了基于海洋生态系统健康恢复、生态系统服务价值增长和单位成本生态效益等理论的海洋修复工程生态绩效考核指标体系。此外,本文以温州海域2014—2016年海洋修复的生态绩效的考核为例,结合考核结果以及直接相关性、独立性、可测量性和业务化等指标选取原则,对指标体系进行了改进。结果表明本指标体系可以在海洋修复工程的检查验收中被用于生态绩效考核,管理部门可根据海洋修复工程的类型和管理需求,有选择性地采纳部分或全部指标进行考核。     

Hotel water consumption at a seasonal mass tourist destination. The case of the island of Mallorca

While it is true that tourism is one of the main driving forces behind economic growth in several world regions, it is also true that tourism can have serious negative environmental impacts, especially with regard to water resources. The tourist water demand can generate big problems of sustainability, mainly in those regions where water is scarce, as occurs in most coastal and small island destinations where a large part of world tourism is concentrated. Given the shortage of literature on the subject, further research into the tourist water demand is required, with particular attention to the hotel sector, since hotels are the most popular option for tourists, displaying higher levels of water consumption. The main purpose of this study is to develop a model to analyse hotel water consumption at a mature sun and sand destination with a strong seasonal pattern and scarcity of water; characteristics shared by some of the world's main tourist destinations. Our model includes a set of different hotel variables associated with physical, seasonal and management-related factors and it improves on the capacity to explain water consumption at such destinations. Following a hierarchical regression methodology, the model is empirically tested through a survey distributed to managers of a representative sample of hotels on the island of Mallorca. From the obtained results, interesting recommendations can be made for both hotel managers and policy makers. Among these, it should be highlighted that the strategic move contemplated by many mature destinations towards a higher quality, low-season model could have significant negative effects in terms of the sustainability of water resources. Our results also conclude that managerial decisions, like the system of accommodation that is offered (i.e. the proliferation of the "all-inclusive" formula, both at mature and new destinations), could give rise to the same negative effect. Development of water saving initiatives (usually introduced in response to demand-based factors), also reveals significant effects over water consumption. Finally, other key factor in explaining hotel water consumption is the management system under which the hotel is run.     

北京市生态涵养区生态服务价值评估与生态补偿机制探讨

在分析北京市生态涵养区在生态补偿制度建设困境的基础上,本文将国内外区域生态系统价值评估模型相结合,运用修正的生态服务价值评估模型,对北京市生态涵养区2016年的生态服务价值进行了估算,并分析了2009-2016年生态服务价值的变动及其影响因素,从科学评估生态服务价值、完善生态补偿标准方法的制定、健全生态保护补偿制度、将绿色GDP纳入生态涵养区绩效考核指标评价体系几个方面探讨了完善生态补偿机制的政策措施。一方面更加直观地揭示了生态涵养区生态服务的重要经济价值,另一方面为建立更加科学的生态补偿机制提供了可参考的依据。     

旅游景区游客满意度的测评指标体系研究——以连云港花果山风景区为例

旅游景区的竞争力来自于游客的满意度,游客满意度的高低深刻影响着旅游景区的发展潜力与能力.旅游景区游客满意度评价是当前旅游景区管理的研究重点和难点之一.在文献综述的基础上,从旅游景观、价格感知、餐饮服务、交通状况、住宿、娱乐、购物、游览、经营管理9个方面构建了旅游景区游客满意度测评指标体系,运用因素重要性推导模型对连云港花果山风景区进行了实证研究,得出连云港花果山风景区的急需改进因素、次要改进因素、锦上添花因素和竞争优势因素,针对急需改进因素提出了连云港花果山风景区的发展建议.     

Coupling of the Water Cycle with Patterns of Urban Growth in the Baltimore Metropolitan Region,United States

Regional municipal water plans typically do not recognize complex coupling patterns or that increased withdrawals in one location can result in changes in water availability in others. We investigated the interaction between urban growth and water availability in the Baltimore metropolitan region where urban growth has occurred beyond the reaches of municipal water systems into areas that rely on wells in low‐productivity Piedmont aquifers. We used the urban growth model SLEUTH and the hydrologic model ParFlow.CLM to evaluate this interaction with urban growth scenarios in 2007 and 2030. We found decreasing groundwater availability outside of the municipal water service area. Within the municipal service area we found zones of increasing storage resulting from increased urban growth, where reduced vegetation cover dominated the effect of urbanization on the hydrologic cycle. We also found areas of decreasing storage, where expanding impervious surfaces played a larger role. Although the magnitude of urban growth and change in water availability for the simulation period were generally small, there was considerable spatial heterogeneity of changes in subsurface storage. This suggests that there are locally concentrated areas of groundwater sensitivity to urban growth where water shortages could occur or where drying up of headwater streams would be more likely. The simulation approach presented here could be used to identify early warning indicators of future risk.     

How to reconcile environmental and economic performance to improve corporate sustainability: corporate environmental strategies in the European paper industry

This paper discusses the relationship between environmental and economic performance and the influence of corporate strategies with regard to sustainability and the environment. After formulating a theoretical model, results are reported from an empirical analysis of the European paper manufacturing industry. New data are used to test hypotheses derived from the theoretical model, using environmental performance indices representing different corporate environmental strategy orientations. In particular, an emissions-based index largely reflecting end-of-pipe strategies and an inputs-based index reflecting integrated pollution prevention are distinguished. For the emissions-based index, a predominantly negative relationship between environmental and economic performance is found, whereas for the inputs-based index no significant link is found. This is consistent with the theoretical model, which predicts the possibility of different relationships. The results also show that for firms with pollution prevention-oriented corporate environmental strategies, the relationship between environmental and economic performance is more positive, thus making improvements in corporate sustainability more likely. Based on this last insight, managerial implications of this are discussed with regard to strategy choices, investment decisions and operations management.     

欠发达城市人居环境评价体系构建及应用

在参阅国内城市人居环境评价指标体系研究的基础上，选择安徽省六安市为样区，提出了欠发达城市人居环境评价的原则、指标构成以及评价模式和方法。其中，指标体系共分为目标层、准则层、分类层和指标层4个层次，从居住建设、生态环境和社会经济三大系统构建了39个单项指标，依据六安市2005年的调查统计资料，对其人居环境的建设水平和满意度两方面进行了对比评价，验证结果科学可行，可为同类地区人居环境质量评价提供参考。     

基于熵值法的城市土地集约利用评价——以徐州市为例

从社会、经济和生态环境三个方面对城市土地集约利用的内涵进行了界定，构建了城市土地集约利用评价指标体系，利用熵值法确定指标权重，采用综合加权法计算城市土地利用的集约度。比徐州市为例进行了实证研究。并对评价结果进行分析，提出了针对性的建议。     

大学校园环境可持续发展评估与探讨

基于五律协同与可持续发展理论，从自然、环境、技术、社会、经济五方面出发构建大学校园环境评价指标体系。结合定量指标的现状值和问卷调查结果，采用层次分析法及综合加权建立评估模型。并通过实例分析，验证了该评价模型的科学性和可行性。该评估体系可有效降低项目决策和设计管理的盲目性，为科学合理地评价大学校园环境提供了一条崭新的思路。