以科学发展观统领高职院校内涵式发展——基于湖南环境生物职业技术学院内涵建设式样研究

科学发展观是新时期全面建设小康社会的重要战略思想,是统领中国经济社会发展的指导思想．高等职业教育要更好地持续发展,就必须坚持科学发展观,走内涵式发展道路．在高职院校内涵建设发展中,特色教育是其提高竞争力的根本;创新管理体制是激发它办学活力的关键;创新办学思路,科学定位是其持续发展的必然要求．以科学发展观为指导探讨三者在高职院校内涵建设中的具体做法,具有重要意义．参7．     

《高等职业教育专业内涵建设》评述

最近阅读了由高等教育出版社出版的舒底清先生所著《高等职业教育专业内涵建设》一书,全书大体构架包括高等职业教育专业建设概述、高职院校人才培养模式改革、职业教育课程改革与建设、高职院校师资队伍建设、高职院校实训基地建设、高职院校教学质量监控等6章,以下分为专业建设     

基于工学结合的《园林建筑施工技术》课程标准研究

工学结合人才培养模式要求高等职业院校在构建课程标准时以工作过程为导向、工作任务引领驱动，以职业综合能力培养为目的，通过课程标准的构建代替以往课程大纲的作用和地位．以湖南环境生物职业技术学院为个案，对园林工程技术专业《园林建筑施工技术》课程标准构建进行了研究和分析，突出对学生职业技能的培养，充分反映高职教育培养目标．表4，参5.     

以药学系的文化建设谈高职院校系部特色文化的打造与实践

新兴的高职教育的快速发展,迫切需要加快院系文化的建设.该文叙述了高职院校系部特色文化的概念,对国内现状进行了述评,归纳了系部特色文化的特点、科学内涵、功能和现实意义.并以湖南环境生物职业技术学院药学系为例,阐述了打造高职院校系部特色文化的实践和思考:坚持与专业特点相适应、与办学定位相协调、与社会发展相一致三项原则.采取五项措施:发挥教师导向作用,引领精神文化;把握宣传舆论作用,规范载体文化;重视学生社团作用,建设制度文化;挖掘环境育人作用,提升器物文化;强化工学结合作用,打造技能文化.实施六大工程:实施"形象策划"工程,树立品牌意识;实施"精品励志"工程,陶冶道德情操;实施"文明养成"工程,提升文化涵养;实施"课改教改"工程,创新办学理念;实施"企业对接"工程,融入企业精神;实施"平安创建"工程,建设和谐系部.参4.     

高职教育民族化探索的典型个案——读陈剑旄教授著作《高等职业教育的思考与实践》

2012年元月某天,刚汇报完工作,这时,陈院长对我说:"小廖,送你一本书".正惊诧间,一本散发着淡淡油墨香的书籍映入我的眼帘:《高等职业教育的思考与实践——基于湖南环境生物职业技术学院办学个案研究》,陈剑旄著,高等教育出版社.浅灰色的书皮,简洁大方的封面,沉甸甸的份量.利     

当前高等职业学院综合统计存在的问题与对策

由于我国高等职业技术学院组建的时间不长，在统计工作中，相对以前的统计系统与统计方法来说有很大的不同，特别是相对于本科院校、中等专业学校而言，由于职业院校自身及现行的统计系统的原因，面临一些新的变化，本文就此提出了一些建议与看法。     

党委领导下的院（校）长负责制实现机制探索

当前高校实行党委领导下的院（校）长负责制,书记、院（校）长之间的关系协调问题一直是教育界关注的重大现实问题．通过以湖南环境生物职业技术学院基层党建的成功实践为例。提出了党委领导下的院（校）长负责制体制下的高校管理实践中,党委应把主要精力放在抓方向,抓大事,抓监督保障,抓自身设建上,确保办学方向明确;建设优良高效的干部团队,为学院发展提供组织保障．同时提出了职责明确、制度完善、书记与院长各负其责是落实党委领导的核心因素,而这关键在于健全“领导”与“负责”的机制,党委支持院长依法行使职权,院长充分尊重党委集体领导,党委书记、院长在共同事业上同心协力,党委领导与院长负责在理念、目标、步骤与思路上相协调．参5．     

英国职业技术教育的特点

职业技术教育资格证书体系分为普通教育证书(OCE)、国家职业资格证书和国家普通职业资格证书,三者之间具有相互联系的等价关系．英国高等教育由双重制走向于单一制,这反映了世界高等教育发展的三大主要趋势,即强化市场意识,加强与社会的联系,重视提高质量．继续教育是指学生在16岁后所接受的教育和培训,包括普通中等教育证书考试高级水平课程、普通中等教育证书考试补充高级水平课程、国家通用职业资格和预科课程(亦称为基础课程)．多科技术学院主要承担高等职业教育任务,由中央政府委托组合社团(或协会)作为学校的社会管理机构,普遍实行“三明治”教育模式．职业技术教育理念是以学生为中心,提倡个性化教育．1944年颁布的《教育法》是教育改革的基本法,对英国的职业教育具有划时代的意义;1976年制定的《综合中学设置促进法》促进综合中学迅速发展;1988年《教育法》确定职业教育必须为当地工商企业培养应用型技术人才,办学模式、管理方式、课程设置均注重与企业的结合,突出技术教育,成为英国职业技术教育的新型类型．     

论在职教集团中充分发挥示范性高职院校的主导作用——以衡阳农林职业教育集团为个案

以衡阳农林职业教育集团为案例,分析了在职教集团中充分发挥示范性高职院校主导作用的必要性和途径,在职教集团中发挥示范性高职院校主导作用一方面发挥示范性高职院校师资、科研及专业等方面优势,辐射、服务区域经济;另一方面通过产学研结合,使教学面向市场,提高教学质量,实现高职院校高就业率．参3．     

美国高等职业教育的特点

美国职业教育立法具有阶段性、可操作性、科学性和先行性;高中后为非义务大学教育,包括综合性或研究型大学、普通本科大学和社区学院．社区学院主要承担高等职业教育,实行联邦政府引导、州政府和地方政府分级管理,重心是地方管理;职业教育改革的基本理论主要有人力资本理论和批判理论;形成了形式多样、多维交叉的办学格局,培养目标明确,强调技艺和操作技能,培养中级技术员;人才规格是“5种能力和3种素质”;课程体系包括普通课程、职业课程与学术课程,课程设置具有高度灵活多样和应用性;课程改革主要形式有合作学习、课程整合和STW课程框架;教师任职资格的标准很高,对教师管理非常严格,实行教师资格证书制;产教合作又称为“合作职业教育”,包括以雇主为基础的模式、收办学校模式和学习与就业连结模式;经费来源渠道主要是当地财产税、州政府拨款、联邦政府资助和学生学费．     

Observations on the function of the glands of the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis during settlement

The use during settlement of secretions of the 9 different types of gland in the foot of the pediveliger of Ostrea edulis L. was examined experimentally. During settlement, there is a progressive decrease in the crawling speed of the larva and a strengthening of its bond with the substratum. Both changes are related to (a) a change from ciliary to muscular pedal locomotion; (b) the increasing acidity and viscosity of the mucoid secretions used; (c) the secretion of a byssus thread by the glands of the byssus duet; (d) changes in the form and composition of this byssus. At the termination of settlement, the entire contents of 2 types of gland are discharged. Their secretions give rise to the cement which permanently fixes the larva to the substratum. The 9 types of gland are utilised sequentially in a manner closely related to the 6 phases recognised in settlement behaviour.     

On the behaviour of the residence time at the bottom of the mixed layer

To understand why the findings of Deleersnijder et al. [(2006), Environ Fluid Mech 6: 25–42]—the residence time in the mixed layer in not necessarily zero at the pycnocline—are consistent with those of Delhez and Deleersnijder [(2006), Ocean Dyn 56:139–150]—the residence time in a control domain vanishes at the open boundaries of this control domain—, it is necessary to consider a control domain that includes part of the pycnocline, in which the eddy diffusivity is assumed to be zero. Then, depending on the behaviour of the eddy diffusivity near the bottom of the mixed layer, the residence time may be seen to exhibit a discontinuity at the interface between the mixed layer and the pycnocline. If such a discontinuity exists, the residence time is non-zero in the former and zero in the latter. This is illustrated by analytical solutions obtained under the assumption that the eddy diffusivity is constant in the mixed layer.     

刍议医院资产管理的现状及其对策

医院的固定资产和流动资产是医院赖以生存和发展的基础,是一项非经营性国有资产．目前公立医院固定资产、流动资产管理现状不容乐观,针对这种状况,首先分析问题形成的原因,然后提出管理的措施或建议,从而使资产管理工作规范化、制度化、科学化,使有限的卫生资源发挥出最大的社会效益和经济效益．参3．     

豪猪消化系统的解剖研究

为了了解豪猪的消化生理,为豪猪的人工饲养技术研究提供基础依据,以达到高效饲养豪猪的目的,笔者对豪猪的消化器官进行了系统解剖研究.结果表明:豪猪的胃为单室胃.盲肠很发达,这与其能够消化植物纤维有关.豪猪肝脏很发达,其重量为402 g,是其体重的4.59%,肝脏分叶多而明显.     

Mining of the forest and the time path of the price of timber

The paper analyzes the effect of transportation (site specific) costs and the effect of mining (depletion) of the forest on the time path of the price and of the net price of timber in two forestry models. The models differ in that one has zero costs and the other has positive costs. The analyses yield the standard mining theory results for certain cases. They also yield extentions of these results for cases with growth of the harvested trees and/or regeneration on the harvested land. The paper concludes, as one would expect, that the theory of the mine is useful in analyzing the time path of the price of timber.     

Adjusting the economy to the new energy realities of the second half of the age of oil

Our research indicates that, due to the depletion of conventional, and hence cheap, crude oil supplies (i.e. peak oil), increasing the supply of oil in the future would require exploiting lower quality resources (i.e. expensive), and thus will most likely occur only at high prices. This situation creates a system of feedbacks where economic growth, which requires more oil, would require high oil prices that will undermine that economic growth. We conclude that the economic growth of the past 40 years is unlikely to continue unless there is some remarkable change in how we manage our economy.     

Splitting the tail of the displacement kernel shows the unimportance of kurtosis

Animals disperse in space through different movement behaviors, resulting in different displacement distances. This is often described with a displacement kernel where the long-distance dispersers are within the tail of the kernel. A displacement with a large proportion of long-distance dispersers may have impact on different aspects of spatial ecology such as invasion speed, population persistence, and distribution. It is, however, unclear whether the kurtosis of the kernel plays a major role since a fatter tail also influences the variance of the kernel. We modeled displacement in landscapes with different amounts and configurations of habitats and handled kurtosis and variance separately to study how these affected population distribution and transition time. We conclude that kurtosis is not important for any of these aspects of spatial ecology. The variance of the kernel, on the other hand, was of great importance to both population distribution and transition time. We argue that separating variance and kurtosis can cast new light on the way in which long-distance dispersers are important in ecological processes. Consequences for empirical studies are discussed.     

Stimulation of fat-body production in the polyps of the coralPocillopora damicornis by the presence of mutualistic crabs of the genusTrapezia

A mutualism exists between the xanthid crabs of the genusTrapezia and their host corals,Pocillopora damicornis. It has previously been established that these obligate coral residents benefit the coral hosts by defending them against echinoderm predators and by increasing the survival of polyps located deep between the coral branches. In turn, the corals apparently benefit the crabs by producing lipid-filled structures on which the trapezid crabs feed; these fat bodies may contain some of the lipid which in previous studies of coral metabolism has been termed excess. It was determined by experiments conducted at the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology that the presence of crabs in colonies ofP. damicornis stimulates the polyps to produce the lipid-filled fat bodies; removal of crabs causes corals to cease producing fat bodies. A structure very similar to the fat bodies ofP. damicornis has been reported inAcropora durvillei. Both of these coral genera ordinarily possess xanthid-crab mutualists. This association between branching corals and crustaceans may have evolved because corals of these genera provide shelter among their branches and because these shallow-water corals are evidently capable of releasing lipid which is excess to the corals' metabolic needs, but which can be utilized by the crabs.     

三峡库区消落带土壤中铅污染调查

报道了三峡库区长江干流及小江支流消落带土壤中重金属铅含量背景值的调查结果。结果表明，目前土壤未被重金属铅污染。