共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Songwei Lin Yaobin Lu Bo Ye Cuiping Zeng Guangli Liu Jieling Li Haiping Luo Renduo Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):12
2.
Shanshan CHEN Haiping LUO Yanping HOU Guangli LIU Renduo ZHANG Bangyu QIN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(2):317
Microbial desalination cell (MDC) is a promising technology to desalinate water and generate electrical power simultaneously. The objectives of this study were to investigate the desalination performance of monovalent and divalent cations in the MDC, and discuss the effect of ion characteristics, ion concentrations, and electrical characteristics. Mixed salt solutions of NaCl, MgCl2, KCl, and CaCl2 with the same concentration were used in the desalination chamber to study removal of cations. Results showed that in the mixed salt solutions, the electrodialysis desalination rates of cations were: Ca2+ >Mg2+>Na+>K+. Higher ionic charges and smaller hydrated ionic radii resulted in higher desalination rates of the cations, in which the ionic charge was more important than the hydrated ionic radius. Mixed solutions of NaCl and MgCl2 with different concentrations were used in the desalination chamber to study the effect of ion concentrations. Results showed that when ion concentrations of Na+ were one-fifth to five times of Mg2+, ion concentration influenced the dialysis more profoundly than electrodialysis. With the current densities below a certain value, charge transfer efficiencies became very low and the dialysis was the main process responsible for the desalination. And the phosphate transfer from the anode chamber and potassium transfer from the cathode chamber could balance 1%–3% of the charge transfer in the MDC. 相似文献
3.
Chemical constituents dissolved in household water supplies can cause economic damages in the form of reduced life of water-using appliances and pipes. Technological advances in reducing desalination costs and improved measures of damages have changed the conditions under which desalination of brackish water supplies can be considered to be economically feasible. The analysis shows that estimated benefits of desalination exceed costs for some communities with high saline native waters, such as are found in the Arkansas River Valley of eastern Colorado and elsewhere in the Southwest. 相似文献
4.
Water shortage is a major problem facing the world today, although 70% of the earth is covered with water. With 95% of this water in seas and oceans, man has to find the most energy-efficient way of desalination for sustainable freshwater supply. Conventional desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis and thermal distillation involve large amounts of energy, especially for high salt rejection. In comparison, the discovery of two-dimensional materials such as graphene and its structural analogs boron nitride and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) has fostered been tremendous progress for energy-saving desalination using nanopores of these materials. This article reviews the recent developments in this technology with experimental and molecular simulation literature survey over the past few years. It explains the role of nanopores in desalination in terms of structure, energy, cost-effectiveness and process efficiency. 相似文献
5.
Raghavendra S. Hebbar Arun M. Isloor Inamuddin Abdullah M. Asiri 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(4):643-671
The development of membrane-based desalination and water purification technologies offers new alternatives to meet the global freshwater demand. Rapid advancement in carbon nanotube-based and graphene-based nanomaterials has drawn the attention of scientific investigators on various desalination technologies. These nanomaterials indeed offer advantageous structure, size, shape, porosity and mass transport behavior for membrane separation process. This article reviews theoretical and experimental investigations of carbon nanotube- and graphene-based composite materials for desalination. Special attention is given to the simulation of molecular transport through these materials. Further, recent advances in the application of functionalization of carbon nanotube- and graphene-based materials for salt rejection and hydraulic permeation properties are discussed. 相似文献
6.
As the world's freshwater resources and available energy are alarmingly decreasing, the bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a cutting-edge technology for the resolution of the resource and energy issue. Researchers have paid much attention to t he application of t he BES configuration. Based on t he brief i ntroduction of m icrobial f uel cell a nd m icrobial electrolytic cell structure, principles, and domestic and foreign research, the BES and its influencing factors are introduced, specifically including: microbial activity, electrode materials, and configuration. Three important aspects (i.e., the electrode chamber, the reaction chamber, and micro-sensor) are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of single-electrode and multi-electrode chambers are compared, based on the microbial desalination cell. Microbial electrolysis desalination cell: Microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production cell have been discussed to introduce increasing reaction chamber configuration; this review focuses on the research of BES monitoring with regards to biochemical oxygen demand. The potential applications of the research progress are explored. The results show that the configuration of multi-chamber microbial fuel cell is complex and its efficiency is low, while the single chamber configuration is advantageous. The reaction chamber added is mainly aimed at desalination, and the study of the desalination pool still needs to be focused on optimizing the cation exchange membrane to maintain the anode pH balance and reduce the air cathode dissolved oxygen. Microbial electrode sensor can be applied in more areas, and its sensitivity and long-term stability need to be further improved. However, there is relatively less research on the abundance and activity of electricigen communities; the configurations and scopes of application of BES are still the research priority. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
7.
Saikat Sinha Ray Shiao-Shing Chen Dhanaraj Sangeetha Hau-Ming Chang Cao Ngoc Dan Thanh Quang Huy Le Hong-Ming Ku 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(4):1247-1265
Membrane technology has become a common separation technology over the past decennia. Membranes are used more and more for the production of drinkable water from groundwater, surface water and wastewater. Membranes are now competitive versus conventional techniques. Desalination is predominantly used to eradicate the problem of water scarcity. The sustainability of all desalination processes depends mainly on the reduction of energy costs (production cost) and the increase in water recovery. Forward osmosis and membrane distillation are emerging technologies for sustainable desalination. Here we review membrane processes of forward osmosis and membrane distillation and the advancements in membrane material and modules. We also discuss the capability of membrane distillation in treating highly concentrated aqueous solutions derived from other desalination processes. Furthermore, the advancements in fabrication of high-performance membrane is reviewed and the performance of different membranes and optimization of membrane distillation process are summarized. 相似文献
8.
Jie Liu Junjun Ma Weizhang Zhong Jianrui Niu Zaixing Li Xiaoju Wang Ge Shen Chun Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(4):51
9.
10.
Li Hui Lu Jun Li Qu-Sheng He Bao-Yan Mei Xiu-Qin Yu Dan-Ping Xu Zhi-Min Guo Shi-Hong Chen Hui-Jun 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2016,38(1):99-110
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Leaching experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of desalination levels and sediment depths on potential bioavailability of heavy metal (Cd,... 相似文献
11.
Tofighian Hessam Aghajanpour Abdolreza Abessi Ozeair Ramezani Mohammadmehdi 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2022,22(5):1161-1185
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Inclined dense jets are commonly used to mitigate the environmental impacts of brine discharge in coastal desalination plants. Numerous studies have been performed... 相似文献
12.
Kolangare Irfana Moideen Isloor Arun Mohan Inamuddin Asiri Abdullah Mohamed Ismail Ahmad Fauzi 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(2):1053-1059
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Water desalination and recycling of wastewater is a key challenge to meet water shortage issues. Thin film composite polyamide membranes are widely used for... 相似文献
13.
天津市滨海地区围海新造地生态系统重建 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以生态学相关理论为理论指导,提出了一种综合生物工程技术、土壤工程技术和咸水淡化技术的生态系统重建方法及其在天津滨海地区围海新造地的应用。 相似文献
14.
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Discharged jet from desalination plants has harmful effects on the surrounding environment so that it is essential to investigate its behavior in detail. The aim of... 相似文献
15.
Hossein D. Atoufi Hasti Hasheminejad David J. Lampert 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):99
16.
Zhigang LIU Shaomin ZHU Yansheng LI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(1):45-50
A novel method for the regeneration of cation exchange resins by aluminum (Al) salts was investigated in order to improve the regeneration efficiency of resins and reduce the dosage of regenerant. The influences of Al3+ concentration and the pH of regeneration solution on resin transformation had been studied. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the Al form resins. Experimental results showed that the regeneration rate of resins was strictly dependent on Al3+ concentration and the pH of the solution. Compared to the conventional regeneration method, the Al form mixed bed exhibited the same desalination capability as the H form mixed bed (MB), and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal was up to 90%, clearly higher than that of the H form. Al salt solution could be utilized repeatedly to regenerate Al form resins. 相似文献
17.
Min Li Shuai Liang Yang Wu Meiyue Yang Xia Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):107
18.
Zhigang Liu Ying Wang Yansheng Li Hui Chang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2008,2(4):410-414
Electro-assisted regeneration (EAR) for the mixed bed of strongly acidic cation and weakly basic anion exchange resins with the Al(OH)3 suspension in a three-compartment cell was investigated. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristic of the regenerated mixed resins. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of resin regeneration was strictly dependent on the voltage, regeneration time, and feed regenerant flow rate. The amount of the effluent reached 50 times the volume of the resins bed, and the conductivity was less than 1.0 μs/cm. Compared to the conventional ER, the total effluent volume of EAR was about 1000 mL more than that of ER under the same conditions, and the outlet conductivity was significantly lower. The desalination and regeneration reaction mechanisms of the mixed resins indicated the regeneration efficiency of resin with Al(OH)3 as the regenerant was much higher than that with H2O. 相似文献
19.
Filiz Ugur Nigiz 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(2):553-559
Water scarcity arises rapidly with increasing human population, urbanization and industrialization. Therefore, water production from natural sources using efficient and environmental friendly technologies is gaining attention. Pervaporative desalination is a promising technology based upon membrane filtration. Here, we fabricated and tested a novel hybrid-composite membrane: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/(PVP)/3A zeolite. Desalination performance was evaluated in terms of flux, salt rejection, zeolite incorporation within the membrane and temperature. Results show that all membranes exhibited salt rejection higher than 99.5%. The highest flux of 2.5 kg m?2 h?1 and salt rejection of 99.9% were obtained using 10 wt% 3A incorporated PVDF/PVP membrane at 40 °C. The PVDF/PVP/3A zeolite membrane preserved its stability during 55-h desalination operating without performance decline. 相似文献
20.
为研究围垦对滨海滩涂土壤重金属的影响,采用土柱实验模拟淋洗脱盐过程,分析了滨海滩涂不同植被演替带(光滩、互花米草滩、碱蓬滩、芦苇滩)土壤在淋洗脱盐前后重金属(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn)含量的变化,评估了围垦可能导致的滩涂重金属流失量。研究表明,淋洗脱盐后,各植被演替带土壤重金属均显著降低,相比而言,Hg、Cr更易淋洗(淋洗率分别为57.2%、49.9%),而Zn不易淋洗(淋洗率18.5%);不同植被演替带土壤重金属淋洗率表现为:光滩互花米草滩碱蓬滩芦苇滩,光滩土壤重金属更易淋洗,而芦苇滩重金属不易淋洗;根据土壤容重、含水率、淋洗率及重金属含量计算重金属流失量发现,不同植被演替带重金属流失量同样表现为:光滩互花米草滩碱蓬滩芦苇滩;除互花米草滩As流失量较高外(19.26 kg·ha-1),其他重金属流失量均表现为光滩最高,光滩围垦可能会造成更多的重金属流失;在仅考虑淋洗脱盐情况下,以江苏省2010~2020年围垦规划270万亩计,仅表层20 cm滩涂土壤,通过围垦即可能导致As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn流失2 102.5、7.4、421.3、8 587.9、4 376.3、2 404.3 t,由围垦导致的滩涂重金属流失风险值得关注。 相似文献