46例上消化道出血患者的临床护理分析

目的:总结46例上消化道出血患者的临床护理,探讨消化道出血患者的有效临床护理方法.方法:对上消化道出血患者在出血期间进行临床观察,实施急救护理、一般护理,输血期间护理、饮食护理、心理护理。结果:抢救成功44例,成功率为96%,44例患者匀取得良好的护理和治疗效果.结论:做好出血期观察与护理,注意出院的健康指导,密切配合医生积极进行抢救,能够明显提高护理质量及抢救成功率.参6.     

78例上消化道大出血患者的护理体会

目的:通过总结78例上消化道出血患者的临床观察,为抢救上消化道上消化道出血患者护理提供参考.方法:回顾2010年6月至2013年3月在南华大学附属南华医院消化内科78例上消化道出血临床观察及护理.结果:59例治愈,15例好转出院.结论:上消化道出血患者起病急,变化快,如通过积极有效的治疗和护理,提高抢救的成功率和预后.参4.     

颅内动脉瘤夹闭术围手术期的护理

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤夹闭术围手术期的护理要点.方法:对我科2011年1月～2012年5月收治的100例动脉瘤夹闭术患者进行细致的围手术期护理,严密观察病情,术前预防动脉瘤再破裂出血,积极做好术前准备,术后做好引流管、并发症及康复等护理.结果:100例动脉瘤夹闭术患者,80例无任何并发症治愈出院,15例出现一侧肢体偏瘫,经术后康复治疗,随访3～6个月均恢复,5例死亡.结论:精心细致的围手术期护理,可有效提高手术成功率及治愈率,改善患者术后生活质量.     

糖尿病肾病患者维持性血液透析的护理探讨

目的探讨糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN))血液透析患者的护理措施,以减少并发症的发生.方法回顾性分析2007年4月-2009年10月我科63例DN维持性血液透析患者的并发症.结果透析中发生低血糖12例,低血压24例,16例发生高血压,9例发生不同程度的出血现象,2例穿刺处轻度感染,经过积极的对症治疗护理后,患者病情好转.结论良好的饮食护理、心理护理、皮肤护理、用药护理及病情观察有助于减少DN血液透析患者的并发症发生,延长患者的生命,提高患者的生活质量.参9.     

论高职院校护理教育教学改革

高职护理教育是高等医学教育的重要组成部分,对培养高级护理人才,发展护理事业具有极其重要的作用．在以病人为中心,以护理程序为基础的整体护理的新型护理模式的指导下,根据目前我国高职护理教育的目标,分析了当前护理学教学所存在的问题,并提出了相应的改革方法．图1,参8．     

论新形势下护士长的管理工作

护士长担负着病房业务管理,组织管理,护理教学和经济管理等多项任务.在新形势下做好护士长的管理工作,对深化医疗卫生事业的改革有重要意义.本文从新形势护理工作特点,怎样提高护理质量、护士的管理及如何提高管理效果进行论述.     

循证护理在手术室的应用

为解决手术过程遇到的护理问题,利用进行循征和实施护理干预,通过与未实施循证护理同期比较,护理问题发生率明显下降或消除,得出循证护理能有效解决手术中的护理问题,提高护理质量的结论.     

合作学习理论在高职护理医用化学实验的应用

为培养高职护理学生综合素质,采用合作学习理论的4个模式即小组效率模式、小组教学模式、表现判断模式、明确态度模式,对高职护理学生医用化学实验进行训练.结果表时:合作学习方法是一次民主室用灵活的学习,培养和提高了高职护理专业学生和老师的素质,教学相长;促进理论与实践相结合.合作学习是通过小组学习形式,帮助高职护理学生学习各类专科知识,提高技能、明确学习态度,是一项民主、实用、灵活的学习.     

重症急性胰腺炎手术治疗的护理进展

本文对重症急性胰腺炎患者手术治疗的护理进展进行简要总结，以求对重症急性胰腺炎患者手术治疗中的护理工作提供参考．     

重症胰腺炎手术治疗的护理

本文对我院2001年以来收治的54例重症胰腺炎患者手术治疗的护理进行总结，以求对重症胰腺炎患者手术治疗中的护理工作提供参考．     

影响胃肠间质瘤预后的相关因素

胃肠间质瘤（GIST）是来源于胃肠道间叶组织最常见的一种肿瘤[1],手术切除及术后辅助治疗是目前最主要的治疗方法.由于GIST生物学行为难以预测,术后复发可能性仍较大,找到能够较准确预测CIST预后的相关指标具有重要意义.现我们就胃肠道间质瘤预后相关因素做一综述,为评估术后复发提供更准确的参考.参50.     

刍议护理临床教师理想的角色模式

通过对162名实习护生问卷调查对临床带教老师的评价,14.2%的护生认为带教老师的自身素质有待提高;19.3%的护生评价带教老师在指导护生应用护理程序方面存在不足;13.4%的护生认为临床教师对待护生态度方面很一般,缺乏耐心.从而得出树立理想的带教老师角色模式,有利于融洽师生关系,促进职业情感化,激发护生的主动性,增强自信心,提高教学效果和实习质量.以达到从护生角度探讨护理临床教师的理想角色模式得目的.     

护理干预对前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑情绪的影响

探讨护理干预对前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑情绪的影响．方法将120例拟行经尿道前列腺电切术的前列腺增生症患者随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例．对照组予以常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予护理干预,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）测量两组患者入院后（干预前）及手术前（干预后）焦虑值．结果干预组手术前SAS评分较入院后明显降低（P〈0．05）,且明显低于同期对照组（P〈0．05）．结论护理干预在缓解前列腺增生症患者术前焦虑,积极调整心理状态方面优于一般心理护理．表1,参5．     

COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者无创通气的护理体会

探讨COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭神志清楚患者无创通气的护理体会.方法:南华大学附属第一医院呼吸内科2009年1月-2012年2月收治的98例COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭应用无创正压通气治疗的清醒患者,随机分为护理干预组(观察组)与对照组各49例,其中观察组给予系统的护理干预;对照组仅采取一般护理措施.比较两组患者治疗后呼吸参数.结果:护理干预组的pH、PaO2、SaO2等参数明显高于对照组,而PaCO2明显低于对照组.表1,参5.     

Communal nursing in the evening bat,Nycticeius humeralis

Summary Nursing observations over two summers involving 76 lactating female evening bats, Nycticeius humeralis, and 128 pups in an attic in northern Missouri indicate that communal nursing occurs rarely until 2 weeks before weaning during which time over 18% of nursing bouts involve nondescendant offspring. The average relatedness among female pairs nursing non-descendant offspring, based on identity-by-descent estimates using allozyme data, was 0.04 (SE=0.12). Mitochondrial DNA d-loop sequence comparisons confirm that at most only 2 of 20 female pairs nursing non-descendant offspring came from the same matriline. Thus, females do not nurse matrilineal kin preferentially despite female natal philopatry. In addition, the average degree of relatedness within a colony (r=0.01, SE =0.03) is too low to provide any indirect benefits from communal nursing. Female error alone is insufficient to explain these observations because females tended to allow female nondescendant young to nurse but excluded nondescendant males, particularly when they had all-male litters. Furthermore, communal nursing bouts did not differ in duration from parental nursing bouts and involved 31 % of all banded females and 24% of all banded pups observed nursing. Communal nursing occurred most frequently when pups began hunting on their own and when lactating females attained their lowest average pre-fed body weight. Mortality during this period was higher for male than female pups, and relative weights implicate starvation as the cause. Time-lapse video records of four families of bats in captivity showed that the number of nursing bouts was proportional to daily weight change. I propose that these results are consistent with both immediate and delayed benefits accruing to females which experience variable hunting success. If a female with extra milk reduced her weight by dumping milk prior to her next foraging trip, she could obtain an immediate energetic benefit and maintain maximum milk production. By restricting such milk donations to nondescendant females she may also increase colony size and thereby enhance her future acquisition of information about foraging and roosting sites.     

Communal nursing in prairie dogs

Summary Within a natural population of blacktailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus), 68% of sampled juveniles received milk from foster mothers via communal nursing (Table 1). In proximate terms, communal nursing may result because prairie dog mothers seem unable to discriminate between their own and others' offspring. In ultimate terms, both indirect selection and reduced predation on juveniles resulting from the formation of multilitter groupings have probably been important in the evolution of communal nursing.     

Brood-care experience, nursing performance, and neural development in the ant Pheidole dentata

Social insect workers mature behaviorally and physiologically with increasing age, generally transitioning from or adding new tasks to their existing repertoire of within-nest nursing tasks. As adult minor workers of the ant Pheidole dentata age, they attend to brood more frequently and nurse more efficiently, perform a broader array of tasks, and undergo myological and neural development. Because these factors covary, the causal relationships among age, task experience, and neural and physiological maturation are not understood. We compared brood-care performance and efficiency by 10-day-old P. dentata minors that had acquired nursing experience to that of equal-age minors experimentally deprived of brood contact. We found the frequency and efficiency of nursing did not significantly differ between experimental and control worker groups, suggesting experience is not required for age-related improvement in nursing efficiency. Workers with and without prior nursing experience did not significantly differ macroscopically in brain anatomy or in brain serotonin content, although workers from the two treatments had slightly, but significantly, different levels of brain dopamine. These results suggest experience with brood is not required for P. dentata minor workers to develop nursing proficiency or undergo a substantial degree of the age-related neural development identifiable by our assessments, which could underscore the ontogeny of brood-care efficiency.