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夏慧慧 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2019,(4)
环境信用评价是环保部门对企业环境行为作出的信用评价,是环境信用体系的基础,能为绿色金融发展提供支持。目前我国环境信用评价制度存在法律体系不健全、信用评价的参与主体单一、信用评价结果运用不充分等问题。在法律法规、国家政策、技术标准三个层面优化法治环境,并且调整环境信用评价范围,以及明确环境信用评价在绿色金融发展中的基础性地位,有助于推进环境信用评价制度的实施,实现环境保护与经济发展并轨发展。 相似文献
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生态补偿政策效果的发挥有赖于科学、合理的制度设计,制度设计不仅仅指制度建立之初的设计,还包括制度实施过程中的实施评估及其优化调整,本文选择在生态补偿政策实施一个阶段后,利用逻辑框架法从宏观目标、直接目的、政策产出和政策投入四个层次分析生态补偿政策的实施过程及其效果,进而利用成功度评价法,设计生态补偿成功度评价指标体系,并利用该指标体系评估出中山市生态补偿政策实施的成功度综合等级为0.866,属完全成功。基于前述研究,提出下一阶段中山市生态补偿政策调整的重点。 相似文献
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对建设项目进行认真的环境影响评价是我国环保工作中一项极其重要的制度,我国自实行这项制度以来,在控制新的污染源产生,保护生态环境方面起到了关键性作用。但是,在一些地方,环境影响评价普遍存在着松、乱、假等不良现象,导致这项制度在一些地方不能很好实施,“预防为主”方针失灵、“三同时”落空,从而使环保工作处于被动地位。正如全国人大环委会主任曲格平在总结环保执法大检查时所说:“在检查中发现一些突出问题,主要表现在一些地方在新建项目时,没有严格执行环境影响评价和‘三同时’制度,盲目上马,违章建设,致使老污染… 相似文献
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《"十三五"全国环境保护法规和环境经济政策建设规划》(以下简称《规划》)绘制了"十三五"时期我国环境保护法规和环境经济政策的创新与改革蓝图。"十三五"以来,《规划》实施推动了环境经济政策在生态文明建设生态环境保护工作中的地位快速上升,在筹集环保资金、调控环境行为、激励企业减排等方面发挥了重要作用。为了更好推进环境经济政策改革与创新,本研究采用逻辑框架法对《规划》中期实施进展进行了系统评价,结果表明:在28项《规划》任务中,绿色信贷、环境信息披露制度、环境污染强制责任险等13项任务进展良好,生态环境损害赔偿制度等11项任务进展较好;环境信用建设"入法"等4项规划任务进展较小或者进展一般。研究表明《规划》总体实施顺利,评估工作也为完成2020年《规划》目标提供了重要技术支撑。 相似文献
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环境影响评价是指在进行开发建设活动时,事先对该项目可能会造成的环境影响进行调查研究,作出科学预测和评价。环境影响评价制度则是对环境影响评价的内容、程序等做法律上规定。最早确立这项制度的是1969年美国的《国家环境政策法》,我国引进这项制度时间不长,研究不够,特别是当时处于计划经济体制,强调建设与环保的一致性,因而使环境影响评价未能收到实效,往往成为既成事实的说明或对污染环境的解释;同时,长期以来我国立法技术上“宜粗不宜细”的主张又严重妨碍了立法的完备,起不到法律应有的强制性规范作用。我国环境影响评价立法的完善应从以下几方面着手: 相似文献
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本年度国家环境经济政策进展评估报告采用实地调研法和政策分析法,对2020年我国环境经济政策进展进行了系统评估,总体结论认为环境经济政策在污染防治攻坚战和生态环境质量改善中发挥了积极作用,有效支撑服务了高质量发展。绿色财政、环境资源价格、绿色税收、生态补偿、绿色金融等政策推进取得了积极进展,但是环境经济政策体系仍不够完善,服务于生态文明建设的环境经济政策仍然存在结构性短缺,需要积极推进环保投融资、生态补偿等环境经济政策的创新运用,着力构建支撑高质量发展和高水平生态环境保护的长效机制。 相似文献
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"十三五"时期环境经济政策对建立我国生态文明建设长效机制发挥了重要作用,"十四五"时期需要通过进一步深化环境经济政策改革与创新以适应新时代生态文明建设需要。本文研究提出了我国"十四五"时期环境经济政策改革思路、框架与重点,认为我国"十四五"时期环境经济政策改革要深入贯彻习近平生态文明思想,系统考虑政策改革创新面临的新形势和新要求,推进建立"两山"转化和环境质量达标的长效激励机制,突出环境质量持续改善激励、突出经济过程全链条调控,突出政策手段的系统优化与协同增效,突出政策执行能力保障。继续推进生态环境财政制度改革,深化绿色价格税费机制创新,推进建立多元化、市场化生态补偿制度,健全生态环境权益交易机制,完善绿色金融体系,并同步推进完善生态环境价值核算、环境信息公开和信用体系、资源环境名录、政策绩效评估等政策实施配套能力建设,构建全面支撑生态文明建设的环境经济政策体系,推进环境治理体系和治理能力现代化。 相似文献
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Ching-Ho Chen Ray-Shyan Wu Wei-Lin Liu Wen-Ray Su Yu-Min Chang 《Environmental management》2009,43(1):166-188
Some countries, including Taiwan, have adopted strategic environmental assessment (SEA) to assess and modify proposed policies,
plans, and programs (PPPs) in the planning phase for pursuing sustainable development. However, there were only some sketchy
steps focusing on policy assessment in the system of Taiwan. This study aims to develop a methodology for SEA in Taiwan to
enhance the effectiveness associated with PPPs. The proposed methodology comprises an SEA procedure involving PPP management
and assessment in various phases, a sustainable assessment framework, and an SEA management system. The SEA procedure is devised
based on the theoretical considerations by systems thinking and the regulative requirements in Taiwan. The positive and negative
impacts on ecology, society, and economy are simultaneously considered in the planning (including policy generation and evaluation),
implementation, and control phases of the procedure. This study used the analytic hierarchy process, Delphi technique, and
systems analysis to develop a sustainable assessment framework. An SEA management system was built based on geographic information
system software to process spatial, attribute, and satellite image data during the assessment procedure. The proposed methodology
was applied in the SEA of golf course installation policy in 2001 as a case study, which was the first SEA in Taiwan. Most
of the 82 existing golf courses in 2001 were installed on slope lands and caused a serious ecological impact. Assessment results
indicated that 15 future golf courses installed on marginal lands (including buffer zones, remedied lands, and wastelands)
were acceptable because the comprehensive environmental (ecological, social, and economic) assessment value was better based
on environmental characteristics and management regulations of Taiwan. The SEA procedure in the planning phase for this policy
was completed but the implementation phase of this policy was not begun because the related legislation procedure could not
be arranged due to a few senators’ resistance. A self-review of the control phase was carried out in 2006 using this methodology.
Installation permits for 12 courses on slope lands were terminated after 2001 and then 27 future courses could be installed
on marginal lands. The assessment value of this policy using the data on ecological, social, and economic conditions from
2006 was higher than that using the data from 2001. The analytical results illustrate that the proposed methodology can be
used to effectively and efficiently assist the related authorities for SEA. 相似文献
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Tracking the implementation of green credit policy in China: top-down perspective and bottom-up reform 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Chinese government has introduced the green credit policy to mitigate the environmental impact of industrialization by reining in credit loans to companies and projects with poor environmental performance. This research investigated the implementation of the green credit policy both at the national and provincial levels. Our results show that the green credit policy is not fully implemented. The wide-ranging impact on high-polluting and high energy-consuming industries, vague policy details unclear implementing standards, and lack of environmental information are the main problems in the implementation of the green credit policy in China. On the other hand, the practice at local level (Jiangsu Province) is more practical by integrating green credit policy with the environmental performance rating system. Finally, suggestions are outlined to improve China's green credit policy. 相似文献
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本年度报告采取实地调研法和政策分析法,针对2021年我国环境经济政策实践开展系统评估,总体认为2021年环境经济政策体系建设不断健全,环境经济政策改革与创新工作取得了重要进展,在深入打好污染防治攻坚战、持续改善生态环境质量、支撑服务全面绿色低碳发展转型中发挥了重要作用,成为生态文明与美丽中国建设的重要动力机制。在快速变化的宏观经济社会形势和新冠肺炎疫情的巨大冲击下,环境经济政策改革与创新需要进一步统筹国内国际发展新形势,在协同推进高质量发展和高水平生态环境保护工作中发挥更加重要作用。 相似文献
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为了实现农业政策的生态化,即农业政策以环境保护为导向,减少农业政策对环境的影响,需要对农业政策进行环境影响评价。通过深入分析农业政策的环境影响评价对法治建设和生态文明建设的意义,认为在当前我国环境影响评价制度缺少相关政策层面环评的情况下,应当先对农业政策进行环评,通过确立政策环评范围、主体,对其进行阶段性设置,从而完善环评的法律体系,实现农业政策与环境保护的统一。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe long-standing debate on environmental policy ‘leaders’ and ‘laggards’ lends itself to a new analysis following with the advent of the 2008 economic crisis. This paper, therefore, asks the question to what extent do European Union (EU) member states have the capacity and willingness to implement EU environmental policy amid austerity, budget cuts, and rising costs over the period 2008–2014. Building upon previous studies, 26 interviews with European, Greek and United Kingdom participants and records of environmental infringements, the paper provides a contemporary picture of the environmental policy ‘leader-laggard’ dynamic in Europe. The findings demonstrate that the impact of the economic crisis seems contestable and varies amongst member states, while the reduction in environmental infringements appears to have a link with the decrease in economic activity. Although environmental policy ‘leaders’ maintain patterns of strong implementation, the improved implementation performance of some ‘laggards’ reflects a shift in their implementation patterns amid a period of intense political and economic controversies. 相似文献
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一个国家的环境政策是国家保护环境的大致方针,直接关系到这个国家的环境立法和环境管理,更直接影响到这个国家的整体环境状况,不同类型的环境政策对企业也产生了各方面的影响。本文研究环境政策的不同形式、内容、具体执行手段及其对企业的环境、经济绩效产生的影响。通过研究西方发达国家的成功环境政策,探讨我国环境政策中存在的不足与缺陷。最后根据不同管理手段的可行性,有效性及最终效果,联系我国具体国情,在符合可持续发展原则的同时,提出更为有效,对企业绩效具有正面刺激的环境政策建议。 相似文献
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基于"十一五"和"十二五"期间(2006—2015)我国31个省份的面板数据,以二氧化硫排放量为研究对象,发现以环境约束性指标为抓手的环保绩效考核有效减少了地方的二氧化硫排放量,且"十二五"期间的政策驱动力比"十一五"期间更强。随着环保绩效考核的持续推进,年轻的省委书记越来越关注污染减排,但与年长的省委书记相比,环境绩效依然较差。总体来说,官员异质性对环境政策执行效果的影响正在逐渐减弱,制度化机制对地方环境治理的驱动效果正在增强。在"十四五"期间,进一步优化中央环保绩效考核制度将成为"打赢蓝天保卫战"的关键所在。 相似文献