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11.
W. H. Chan M. N. Mazlee Zainal Arifin Ahmad M. A. M. Ishak J. B. Shamsul 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(2):794-803
The porous composites of clay and fly ash have the potential to be used in many fields, such as catalyst support and gas adsorbents. In this study, various ratios of fly ash (1–2) with different percentage of suspension (50–70 wt%) were applied to produce porous clay-fly ash composites via polymeric replica technique. Fabrication process starts by mixing clay and fly ash in distilled water to form slurry. The process is followed by fully immersing polymer sponge in slurry. The excess slurry is then removed through squeezing. Finally, the sponge coated with slurry is sintered at 500 and 1250 °C for 1 h. It is found that the compressive strength of porous composites improves significantly (0.178–1.28 MPa) when the amount of clay-fly ash suspension mixture (50–70 wt%) increases. The compressive strength of porous composites is mainly attributed to the mullite, quartz and amorphous phase formations. These results are supported by X-ray diffraction analysis. On the other hand, increase in the amount of suspension reduces the apparent density (from 2.44 to 2.32 g/cm3) and porosity (from 97 to 85 %). The reduction in apparent density is believed to be caused by the presence of high fly ash content in porous composites. The melted fly ash cenospheres have closed the internal pores and increased density of samples. Higher suspension level not only reduces porosity, but also increases close pores of the porous composites. The results are justified through the observation from the structures of porous clay-fly ash composites. 相似文献
12.
Rehman Abdul Ma Hengyun Chishti Muhammad Zubair Ozturk Ilhan Irfan Muhammad Ahmad Munir 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):17319-17330
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The accelerated urbanization in China was already coupled with a steadily increasing demand for energy usage. The present study major aim was to... 相似文献
13.
Jafri Muhammad Afaq Haider Liu Huizheng Majeed Muhammad Tariq Ahmad Waheed Ullah Sana Xue Rui 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(13):16129-16139
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study explores the symmetric and asymmetric effects of physical infrastructure on energy consumption, economic growth, and air pollution of... 相似文献
14.
Ahmad Tasneem Nazar Sonaina Ahmad Kafeel Khan Zafar Iqbal Bashir Humayun Ashfaq Asma Munir Mudasra Munir Zunaira Hussain Khadim Alkahtani Jawaher Elshikh Mohamed Soliman Nadeem Muhammad Malik Ifra Saleem 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(23):29110-29116
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The instant endeavor was undertaken to monitor copper (Cu) contents in water, soil, forage, and cow’s blood impacted by heavy automobiles in... 相似文献
15.
Majeed Muhammad Tariq Yu Zhiyuan Maqbool Adnan Genie Mesfin Ullah Sana Ahmad Waheed 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):41912-41921
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This empirical study investigates the dynamic effects of economic freedom on economic growth and air quality for Pakistan over the period... 相似文献
16.
Badeenezhad Ahmad Radfard Majid Abbasi Fariba Jurado Anna Bozorginia Mehdi Jalili Mahrokh Soleimani Hamed 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(31):41937-41947
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to determine the effect of land-use changes on the non-carcinogenic health risk of nitrate ion exposure of underground drinking water... 相似文献
17.
A stress-based forming limit diagram for necking prediction which is based on the strain gradient theory of plasticity in conjunction with the M–K model has been represented and used in tube hydroforming. In this study, the finite element model for bulge forming of straight tube has been constructed and verified with published experimental data. The adaptive simulation technique is based on the ability to detect the onset and growth of defects (e.g., wrinkling, and bursting) and to promptly readjust the loading paths. Thus, a suitable load path has been obtained by applying Adaptive Simulation Method in ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). 相似文献
18.
Bottled water may not be safer, or healthier, than tap water. The present studies have proved that styrene and some other aromatic compounds leach continuously from polystyrene (PS) bottles used locally for packaging. Water sapmles in contact with PS were extracted by a preconcentration technique called as "purge and trap" and analysed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS). Eleven aromatic compounds were identified in these studies. Maximum concentration of styrene in PS bottles was 29.5 μg/L. Apart from styrene, ethyl benzene, toluene and benzene were also quantified but their concentrations were much less than WHO guide line values. All other compounds were in traces. Quality of plastic and storage time were the major factor in leaching of styrene. Concentration of styrene was increased to 69.53 μg/L after one-year storage. In Styrofoam and PS cups studies, hot water was found to be contaminated with styrene and other aromatic compounds. It was observed that temperature played a major role in the leaching of styrene monomer from Styrofoam cups. Paper cups were found to be safe for hot drinks. 相似文献
19.
N. Ahmad G. Bugueno L. Guo R. Marolt 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):829-848
Abstract A method is described for the determination of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticide residues in fruits, vegetables and sediments. The concentrated solvent extract was sealed in a polymeric membrane tube, dialysed in cyclohexane and the solvent replaced with hexane. The organophosphates were analysed on a specific thermionic detector without further clean‐up. For the organochlorine pesticides the extract was eluted through 3 g of alumina and analysed on GC/ECD. The clean‐up for sediment extract was carried out on a10 g alumina column with 100 mL hexane containing 5% acetone and the eluate was concentrated to 5 mL. The detection limit for organophosphates on a 40 g sample and a final volume of 10 mL was on the average 0.01 mg/kg. The detection limit for organochlorine pesticides, with the final volume of 25 mL, was 0.005 mg/kg for all pesticides except for p,p'‐DDT and endosulfan sulphate, which was 0.01 mg/kg. The detection limit for oganochlorine pesticides in sediment, with the final volume of 2 mL, was less than 1 μg/kg and for organophosphate pesticides less than 10 μg/kg when the final volume was made to 0.5 mL. At the detection limits the method produced a very high coefficient of variation for both organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides. 相似文献
20.
Remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) can help identify erosion‐prone areas in need of soil conservation efforts 相似文献