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11.
Land use change is an important topic in the field of global environmental change and sustainable development. Land use change
modeling has attracted substantial attention because it helps researchers understand the mechanisms of land use change and
assists regulatory bodies in formulating relevant policies. Maotiao River Basin is located in the province of Guizhou, China,
which has a developed agricultural industry in the karst mountain areas. This paper selected biophysical and social–economic
factors as independent variables, and constructed a multiple logistic regression of farmland spatial distribution probability
by random sampling. Then, by using GIS technology and integrating the 2000 data, this study predicted the farmland spatial
pattern. When the predicted map was compared with the actual farmland map for 2000, we noted that 71% of the simulation is
in accordance with the 2000 farmland pattern. The result satisfactorily proves the reasonability and applicability of our
model. 相似文献
12.
Assessing land use impacts on flood processes in complex terrain by using GIS and modeling approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y. B. Liu F. De Smedt L. Hoffmann L. Pfister 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,9(4):227-235
A distributed hydrologic modeling and GIS approach is applied for the assessment of land use impact in the Steinsel sub-basin, Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. The assessment focuses on the runoff contributions from different land use classes and the potential impact of land use changes on runoff generation. The results show that the direct runoff from urban areas is dominant for a flood event compared with runoff from other land use areas in this catchment, and tends to increase for small floods and for the dry season floods, whereas the interflow from forested, pasture and agricultural field areas contributes to the recession flow. Significant variations in flood volume, peak discharge, time to the peak, etc., are found from the model simulation based on the three hypothetical land use change scenarios. 相似文献
13.
Using environmental stressor information to predict the ecological status of Maryland non-tidal streams as measured by biological indicators 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Vølstad JH Roth NE Mercurio G Southerland MT Strebel DE 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,84(3):219-242
In Maryland, U.S., an interim framework has recentlybeen developed for using biologically based thresholds, or `biocriteria', to assess the health of nontidal streams statewide at watershed scales. The evaluation of impairment is based on indices of biological integrity from the Maryland Biological Stream Survey (MBSS). We applied logistic regression to quantify how the biotic integrity of streams at a local scale is affected by cumulative effects resulting from catchment land uses, point sources, and nearby transmission line rights-of-way. Indicators for land use were developed from the remote sensing National Land Cover Data and applied at different scales. We determined that the risk of local impairment in nontidal streams rapidly increases with increased urban land use in the catchment area. The average likelihood of failing biocriteria doubled with every 10% points increment in urban land, thus an increase in urban land use from 0 to 20% quadruples the risk of impairment. For the basins evaluated in this study, catchments with more than 40–50% urban land use had greater than 80% probability of failing biocriteria, on average. Inclusion of rights-of-way and point sources in the model did not significantly improve the fit for this data set, most likely because of their low numbers. The overall results indicate that our predictive modeling approach can help pinpoint stream ecosystems experiencing or vulnerable to degradation. 相似文献
14.
Geostatistical Uncertainty Modelling for the Environmental Hazard Assessment During Single Erosive Rainstorm Events 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Diodato N 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,105(1-3):25-42
This paper presents an environmental hazard assessment to account the impacts of single rainstorm variability on river-torrential landscape identified as potentially vulnerable mainly to erosional soil degradation processes. An algorithm for the characterisation of this impact, called Erosive Hazard Index (EHI), is developed with a less expensive methodology. In EHI modelling, we assume that the river-torrential system has adapted to the natural hydrological regime, and a sudden fluctuation in this regime, especially those exceeding thresholds for an acceptable range of flexibility, may have disastrous consequences for the mountain environment. The hazard analysis links key rainstorm energy variables expressed as a single-storm erosion index (EIsto), with impact thresholds identified using an intensity pattern model. Afterwards, the conditional probabilities of exceeding these thresholds are spatially assessed using non-parametric geostatistical techinques, known as indicator kriging. The approach was applied to a test site in river-torrential landscape of the Southern Italy (Benevento province) for 13 November 1997 rainstorm event. 相似文献
15.
16.
研究地理信息系统(GIS)技术在环境综合治理中的应用,基于ArcViewGIS探讨实现GIS热链接的方法,通过Avenue语言编写程序进行ArcView的二次开发,同时建立文本、图像热链接,克服系统只能实现单一对象热连接的不便.建立环境治理区城图像数据库、基础信息数据库,应用地理信息系统技术实现环境治理工程规划设计、检查验收的可视化.通过ArcViewGIS的热链接功能提供准确的、可视化的环境综合治理依据. 相似文献
17.
18.
A Simulation of Temporal and Spatial Variations in Carbon at Landscape Level: A Case Study for Lake Abitibi Model Forest in Ontario,Canada 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xiaolu Zhou Changhui Peng Qing-Lai Dang Jiaxin Chen Sue Parton 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2007,12(4):525-543
Using a case study of the Lake Abitibi Model Forest (LAMF), this study aims to assess the temporal and spatial variability
in carbon storage during 1990–2000, and to present a comprehensive estimation of the carbon budget for LAMF's ecosystems.
As well, it provided the information needed by local forest managers to develop ecological and carbon-based indicators and
monitor the sustainability of forest ecosystems. Temporal and spatial carbon dynamics were simulated at the landscape level
using ecosystem model TRIPLEX1.0 and Geographical Information System (GIS). The simulated net primary productivity (NPP) and
carbon storage in forest biomass and soil were compared with field data and results from other studies for Canada's boreal
forests. The results show that simulated NPP ranged from 3.26 to 3.34 tC ha−1 yr−1 in the 1990s and was consistent with the range measured during the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Studies (BOREAS) in central
Canada. Modeled NPP was also compared with the estimation from remote sensing data. The density of total above-and belowground
biomass was 125.3, 111.8, and 106.5 tC ha−1 for black spruce, trembling aspen, and jack pine in the LAMF ecosystem, respectively. The total carbon density of forested
land was estimated at 154.4 tC ha−1 with the proportion of 4:6 for total biomass and soil. The analysis of net carbon balance of ecosystem suggested that the
LAMF forest ecosystem was acting as a carbon sink with an allowable harvest in the 1990s. 相似文献
19.
基于3S的玉溪市土壤侵蚀敏感性评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以玉溪市为研究区域,运用GIS软件对影响土壤侵蚀的因子进行叠加分析,获取玉溪市土壤侵蚀敏感性等级分布图,并与土壤侵蚀现状图加以对比,结果显示:发生土壤侵蚀的地区一定是土壤侵蚀的敏感地区,但土壤侵蚀的敏感地区不一定发生土壤侵蚀:森林覆盖量、质量和人为活动是影响土壤侵蚀的主要原因。 相似文献
20.
基于GIS的煤矿生产安全管理系统 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
煤矿生产安全管理系统本着服务矿山、建设数字化矿山的原则,目的是实现矿山安全信息的收集、管理、可视化分析,针对不同的管理层人员的需求提供相关服务,给决策者提供安全策略。利用地理信息系统(GIS)的数据显示、分析能力.并结合网络化的数据库管理系统(DBMS)能很好地实现矿山安全管理系统的各种功能。例如:安全人员人工检测或自动监测仪器检测的数据,经过系统处理后在地图上相关区域标示安全等级和基本安全情况,通过系统的近似分析优化生产区避难所的选址、设置应急路线等。 相似文献