A comparison analysis of the decoupling carbon emissions from economic growth in three industries of Heilongjiang province in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental pressure urges China to develop in a sustainable and low carbon way, and thus China strives to achieve a carbon peak by 2030 and...     

土地细碎化与农户环境友好型技术采纳决策——以测土配方施肥技术为例

利用湖北省1710份农户的微观数据,运用Double-hurdle模型,实证分析土地细碎化对农户环境友好型技术采纳决策的影响.研究表明:(1)总体来说,土地细碎化对农户是否采纳环境友好型技术,以及采纳密度(采纳环境友好型技术的面积/总农地经营面积)均产生负向影响;(2)对男性和低自我效能感知主体而言,土地细碎化对其是否采纳环境友好型技术决策和采纳密度决策均产生负向影响;而对女性和高自我效能感知主体,则未产生显著影响;(3)土地细碎化对强社会网络主体的是否采纳决策产生影响,对其采纳密度决策不产生影响,土地细碎化对弱社会网络主体的是否采纳和采纳密度决策均产生负向影响;(4)土地细碎化对低农业收入依赖主体的采纳密度决策以及高农业收入依赖主体的是否采纳决策产生负向影响,对低农业收入依赖主体的是否采纳决策以及高农业收入依赖主体的采纳密度决策不产生影响;(5)土地细碎化对平原地区农户的是否采纳决策不产生影响,对其采纳密度决策产生影响,土地细碎化对非平原地区农户的是否采纳和采纳密度决策均产生负向影响.据此,建议着力推进高水平良田建设,激励农户环境友好型技术采纳决策的政策制定需要充分考虑农户异质性影响,实施精准施肥政策,并充分考虑不同自然环境特征(如地形等)的影响,针对平原和非平原地区的农户,采取差异化的激励策略.     

A new approach to spatial source apportionment of haze pollution in large scale and its application in China

Long-lasting expansion of haze pollution in China has already presented a stern challenge to regional joint prevention and control. There is an urgent need to enlarge and reconstruct the coverage of joint prevention and control of air pollution in key area. Air quality models can identify and quantify the regional contribution of haze pollution and its key components with the help of numerical simulation, but it is difficult to be applied to larger spatial scale due to the complexity of model parameters. The time series analysis can recognize the existence of spatial interaction of haze pollution between cities, but it has not yet been used to further identify the spatial sources of haze pollution in large scale. Using econometric framework of time series analysis, this paper developed a new approach to perform spatial source apportionment. We applied this approach to calculate the contribution from spatial sources of haze pollution in China, using the monitoring data of particulate matter (PM_2.5) across 161 Chinese cities. This approach overcame the limitation of numerical simulation that the model complexity increases at excess with the expansion of sample range, and could effectively deal with severe large-scale haze episodes.     

电解法用于消毒的原理、技术特点与主要应用方式:电产次氯酸钠及电化学消毒

电解法是利用电能实现氧化还原反应的方法,其应用于消毒通常有电产次氯酸钠消毒剂和电化学消毒2种方式。为深入了解电产次氯酸钠及电化学消毒技术机理,进一步探讨电解法在水处理和公共环境卫生消毒领域的应用,从消毒原理、技术特点、使用方法和消毒应用方面,对电解法制备次氯酸钠与电化学消毒水处理技术进行了介绍与分析,并提出了目前存在的问题和技术发展前景,为该技术的实际应用提供参考。     

内窥镜检查在电站锅炉内部检验中的应用

工业内窥镜是电站锅炉内部检验中不可或缺的设备,主要用来对集箱、减温器、受热面管等内部人眼无法观察到的地方进行检验,从而确定承压部件内部是否存在严重影响锅炉安全运行的缺陷.本文通过对锅炉内窥实例进行分析和总结,阐述内窥镜检查在锅炉内检中的重要性并给相关工作人员提供借鉴与参考.     

地表水环境遥感监测关键技术与系统

本文主要是围绕地表水环境遥感检测展开讨论,全面介绍了水环境检测的关键技术和系统,建立改进双峰法的水体分布遥感提取方法,并以具体地区为例进行分析,采用不同方法建立解析方法,从根本上提升反演方法的区域和积极适用性,希望能够对相关人员起到参考性价值。     

环境监测在生态环境保护中的效用及发展措施研究

环境监测在环境保护中起着重要的作用,伴随着环境保护法的进一步落实,使我国的环保措施及标准有了越来越规范的准则。可从实际工作情况看,监测机构监测水平较低、设备滞后、监督不严格等问题依然存在因此,要全面提高环境监测水平,加大对环境监测工作的重视程度。本文主要以环境监测在生态环境保护中产生的作用入手,提出了一些完善措施。     

钙钛矿型催化剂催化湿式氧化处理煤气化废水纳滤浓缩液

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Mn掺杂钙钛矿型催化剂LaFexMn1-xO3，并以其为催化剂催化湿式双氧水氧化处理煤气化废水纳滤浓缩液。采用XRD，SEM，FTIR技术对催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示：制备的催化剂均具有标准的钙钛矿型结构，其中，LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3的结构稳定，比表面积大。实验结果表明：制备的催化剂中LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3的催化活性最高，且稳定性好，连续使用5次后催化活性未见明显减弱；在H2O2投加量3.0 g/L、n（H2O2）∶n（LaFe0.9Mn0.1O3）=12∶1、反应温度160 ℃、反应压力1 MPa、浓缩液pH 3、反应时间60 min的最优条件下，COD、UV254和TOC的去除率分别达到80.9%、95.2%和68.0%，BOD5/COD由0.02提升至0.40，可生化性大幅提高。     

GPU Accelerated Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of a Cyanide-Release Accident in the Danjiangkou Reservoir

A graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated two-dimensional contamination transport model is developed using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The intrinsic parallel features of LBM make it particularly suitable for implementation on GPUs. After validation with two benchmarks, the model was applied to a cyanide-release accident in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, using a numerical combination of hydrodynamics and solute transport. The results show good agreement with an Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) model. A single GPU workstation speedup reaches 1.58 times that of a central processing unit (CPU) calculation alone. This speedup provides the opportunity for applying the model as a pollution accident information and decision support system for the Middle Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project in China.     

高含盐废水脱盐处理技术研究进展

综述了几种常见的高含盐废水脱盐处理技术的发展历程、工艺原理、优缺点及目前的研究进展，分析了热分离、膜分离、电渗析、离子交换、电吸附、微生物脱盐等方法的优缺点，展望了未来废水脱盐工艺的发展方向。指出：脱盐方法将根据各类水体的水质特点更加精细化；多种脱盐技术联合应用也是今后废水脱盐的发展方向。