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沸石吸附剂脱除炼油废水中低浓度氨氮试验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
沸石(FYH)吸附剂是抚顺石油化工研究院环保所研制开发的一种交换容量大、可再生的吸附剂,用于处理炼油废水中的氨氮时,去除率可以达到90%以上。吸附剂的穿透时间与空速有着直接关系,空速越大,穿透时间越短。吸附剂的交换容量也与空速有关。本试验中,在空速1.2h-1的条件下,吸附剂达到最大交换容量。将氯化钠和氢氧化钠以一定配比配制的再生液可以对FYH吸附剂进行快速而有效的再生。汽提含铵再生液效果很好,脱铵后的再生液中氨氮的浓度为未检出,回收的氨水浓度0.47%~0.68%。经过小试证明该工艺是可行的。 相似文献
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沼气是清洁的可再生能源,但含碳量较高,不满足管输要求。通过HYSYS软件应用SRK方程对碳酸丙烯酯脱碳流程进行模拟分析,考察吸收气液比、吸收压力、气提气液比、碳酸丙烯酯贫液进料温度、预处理沼气的进料温度、吸收塔板数对脱碳效果的影响:净化气中CO2的含量随着吸收气液比的增大逐渐增大,脱碳率随之减小,但吸收气液比在10~30时,净化气中的CO2含量变化不大;随着吸收塔板数的增加,净化气中的CO2摩尔含量逐渐减小,脱碳率逐渐上升,当塔板数小于10时,脱碳效果明显,当塔板数超过10时,对脱碳效果影响较小。 相似文献
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应用脱氨塔蒸汽汽提将渗滤液中的游离氨回收并用于烟气脱硝,不仅解决了渗滤液中氨氮浓度高的问题,而且为烟气脱硝提供了还原剂.文章通过分析垃圾焚烧量1000t/d、渗滤液产生量500t/d、氨氮含量约4000mg/L的垃圾焚烧发电厂运用此工艺的效果,为垃圾渗滤液处理行业提供了参考. 相似文献
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文章以某炼厂“三泥”装置为研究对象,提出“三泥”装置工艺优化技术方案,通过改造活性污泥滤 液和浮渣滤液沉降分离流程,实现两股滤液分别沉降,延长沉降时间,提高了活性污泥、浮渣离心脱水率,减少了干化污泥的产生量,间接提高了污水处理质量。改造后运行效果良好,数据表明:活性污泥含水率下降18.0%~26.4%,浮渣含水率下降19.9%~26.8%;与改造前水质污染物检测浓度相比,COD去除率平均达到80.0%,悬浮物去除率平均达到95.6%。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: Evapotranspiration from vegetation is generally computed without consideration for early morning energy loss involved in drying wet leaf surfaces. In humid areas where dew formation is frequent, estimation of energy requirements for evaporating dew should be of interest. In this study, sensible heat flux (H) was computed from wind and temperature profile measurements over the study site. A leaf wetness sensor was used to measure the duration of evaporation from an exposed leaf surface, and net radiation was measured with a radiometer. The energy flux during the period of wet leaf surface evaporation was integrated over time. A cattail lysimeter situated at the site indicated the time when evapotranspiration started after wet leaves were dry. The energy requirements to dry an exposed wet leaf surface was estimated using energy balance methods. The mean value based on 44 days of observations from mid February to early May of 1993 indicates that the energy required to evaporate dew from openly exposed wet leaves was 5 percent of the total daily evapotranspiration of cattails with a coefficient of variation of 0.72. The mean time required to evaporate dew from exposed leaf surfaces from the onset of positive net radiation was 78 minutes. The mean dew evaporation in a morning from an exposed leaf surface was 0.16 mm with a maximum value of 0.41 mm. The energy required to dry wet leaves is a factor that should be considered when modeling evapotranspiration at hourly or shorter time intervals. Also, physical evapotranspiration models need to account for energy requirements for drying dew and rainfall wetted leaves. 相似文献
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吹脱法应用于低浓度废水处理,可有效去除水中的溶解性气体和挥发性油类,同时还可增加水中的溶解氧,为进一步的生物处理创造有利条件。利用现场动态实验对影响除油的因素进行了试验研究,确定最佳处理条件为:气水比5∶1、淋水密度5.0m3/(m2·h),实验表明在最佳运行状态下,吹脱法对地下水中油类物质的去除率能够达到50%,还能去除水中的铁、氨氮等污染物质,是一种非常有效的预处理方法。为了弄清目前炼油厂废水的处理水平,通过对三个典型炼油废水处理厂的调查,分别对其处理流程、处理效果、采用的主要处理药剂及处理工艺进行了介绍,分析了每套处理设施的长处以及与先进设施对比存在的不足。 相似文献
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Qian Xu Weiqi Zhang Jian Zhao Lei Xing Qiang Ma Li Xu 《International Journal of Green Energy》2018,15(3):181-188
Unlike the situation in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) fed with dilute liquid methanol solution, the required water in anode for a DMFC fed with neat methanol is entirely transported from cathode. In this study, the water concentration in anode catalyst layer of such a DMFC operating with fully active mode is theoretically analyzed, followed by the experimental investigations on the effects of air flow rate and operating temperature on cell performance. The results revealed that the air flow rate has a strong impact on cell performance, especially at larger current density. Overmuch air causes rapid decline of cell performance, which results from the dehydration of membrane and lack of water in the anode reaction sites. Raising temperature induces faster reaction kinetics, while undesired stronger water dissipation from the DMFC. In practice, the stable cell resistance can be used as a criterion to help the DMFC to achieve a high and sustainable performance by finely combining the air flow rate and operating temperature. 相似文献
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Combining steam injection with hydraulic fracturing for the in situ remediation of the unsaturated zone of a fractured soil polluted by jet fuel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nilsson B Tzovolou D Jeczalik M Kasela T Slack W Klint KE Haeseler F Tsakiroglou CD 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(3):695-707
A steam injection pilot-scale experiment was performed on the unsaturated zone of a strongly heterogeneous fractured soil contaminated by jet fuel. Before the treatment, the soil was stimulated by creating sub-horizontal sand-filled hydraulic fractures at three depths. The steam was injected through one hydraulic fracture and gas/water/non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) was extracted from the remaining fractures by applying a vacuum to extraction wells. The injection strategy was designed to maximize the heat delivery over the entire cell (10 m × 10 m × 5 m). The soil temperature profile, the recovered NAPL, the extracted water, and the concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gas phase were monitored during the field test. GC-MS chemical analyses of pre- and post-treatment soil samples allowed for the quantitative assessment of the remediation efficiency. The growth of the heat front followed the configuration of hydraulic fractures. The average concentration of total hydrocarbons (g/kg of soil) was reduced by ~ 43% in the upper target zone (depth = 1.5-3.9 m) and by ~ 72% over the entire zone (depth = 1.5-5.5 m). The total NAPL mass removal based on gas and liquid stream measurements and the free-NAPL product were almost 30% and 2%, respectively, of those estimated from chemical analyses of pre- and post-treatment soil samples. The dominant mechanisms of soil remediation was the vaporization of jet fuel compounds at temperatures lower than their normal boiling points (steam distillation) enhanced by the ventilation of porous matrix due to the forced convective flow of air. In addition, the significant reduction of the NAPL mass in the less-heated deeper zone may be attributed to the counter-current imbibition of condensed water from natural fractures into the porous matrix and the gravity drainage associated with seasonal fluctuations of the water table. 相似文献
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迪那2气田液化气生产设计采用空冷加水冷工艺,存在能耗大和水冷器易腐蚀结垢等安全隐患。利用HYSYS软件对迪那2气田轻烃回收工艺进行分析,并增设液化气后冷器,利用脱乙烷塔气相对液化气进行冷却,通过醇烃液分离压力、后冷器及空冷器冷却能力等参数的模拟计算和优化,将醇烃液三相分离器压力由常规的2.5MPa提高至5MPa,取消醇烃液导热油加热和液化气水冷,降低了装置能耗,年节水1.44×104m3,节电1.45×105 kW.h,杜绝了水冷器腐蚀穿孔的安全隐患,最终提出了醇烃液高压分离+空冷器+后冷器的液化气无水冷却工艺。 相似文献