共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
有机膨润土吸附垃圾渗滤液中苯酚的研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
以溴化十六烷基三甲铵为改性剂制备有机膨润土,研究了有机膨润土吸附垃圾渗滤液中典型有机污染物苯酚的性能、条件及改性条件对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,有机膨润土对苯酚有很好的吸附效果,实验条件下对苯酚的去除率可达90%以上,pH值是影响有机膨润土吸附能力的主要因素,绘制了不同初始浓度的苯酚溶液在平衡浓度达国家工业废水的第二类污染物三级排放标准时,改性膨润土的用量曲线及吸附等温线,并得到投样量方程:y=0.1959x-0.2458,R^2=0.9751。 相似文献
2.
3.
PDMDAAC-膨润土对对硝基苯酚吸附特性的研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10
以聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)为改性剂,对天然钙基膨润土进行有机改性,比较PDMDAAC-膨润土与膨润土对对硝基苯酚废水的处理性能,研究了改性剂用量以及对硝基苯酚浓度、pH值、反应时间等因素对膨润土吸附去除率的影响.结果表明:PDMDAAC改性膨润土对对硝基苯酚的吸附效果比膨润土有较大提高,吸附去除率达84%;吸附后的PDMDAAC-膨润土可用酸进行再生,再生后对对硝基苯酚的吸附去除率没有明显下降;PDMDAAC-膨润土对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为可用Freundlieh型吸附等温线较好地进行拟合. 相似文献
4.
5.
CTMAB—膨润土吸附水中有机物的性能及应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文用溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)-改性膨润土,研究了CTMAB-膨润土吸附水中α-萘胺、β-萘胺、α-萘酚、硝基苯和苯胺和性能和适宜条件。结果表明,CTMAB-膨润土水中有机物的吸附能力与CTMAB在膨润土上的实际交换量有关,也与作用方式和有机物辛醇-不分配系数有关,CTMAB-膨润土对五种有机物的去除率顺序为:α-萘胺、β-萘胺、α-萘酚>硝基苯>苯胺。 相似文献
6.
将吸附结晶紫后的废弃膨润土在氮气保护下600℃加热3 h,用HF和HCl洗掉其中的膨润土片层,得到了一种新型碳纳米材料.对碳材料进行了XRD、TEM、N2吸附-脱附表征,研究结果显示,该材料石墨化程度较高,其2θ角在26.1°处有明显的峰衍射,接近于石墨烯在26.48°的峰;TEM表征结果显示碳材料为薄层皱褶结构.N2-BET测得所制材料比表面积为77.6 m2·g-1.对比了该碳材料和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)改性膨润土以及减电荷四甲基氯化铵(TMA)改性膨润土常温下吸附硝基苯的效果,发现该材料对硝基苯吸附效果远胜于两种改性膨润土.吸附热力学实验显示吸附过程为放热和熵减少的自发过程. 相似文献
7.
粘土改性条件的研究Ⅰ.膨润土的改性 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
考察了改性膨润土的致孔剂加入量、溴化十六烷基三甲胺 (CTMAB)加入量、CTMAB溶液浓度和吸附时间对CTMAB吸附量的影响 .测得加工后的膨润土对CTMAB的饱和吸附容量为 34 0 0± 30 0mg·1 0 0g- 1膨润土 .膨润土对CTMAB的吸附表现出Lang muir吸附特征 .6 0℃ ,当CTMAB的加入量为膨润土饱和吸附容量的 1 3— 1 5倍 ,CTMAB溶液浓度≥ 2mg·ml- 1,吸附时间超过 2 0h时 ,膨润土基本达到饱和吸附 .并考察了有机膨润土对于水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯 (BTEX)的去除效果 . 相似文献
8.
9.
有机物在水/有机膨润土界面的化学行为 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究了苯酚、苯胺、对硝基苯酚等极性或可离子化有机物在不/有机膨润土界面的化学行为,定量描述了表面吸附和分配作用对双阳离子有机膨润土吸附作用的相对贡献率及影响因素。结果表明,表面吸附和分配作用的相对贡献率大小与改性时加入的双阳离子表面活性剂的组成与配比有关。双阳离子有机膨润土40TMAB/60DTAB和40TMAB/200TMAB对苯酚的吸附,在低浓度时以表面吸附为主,在高浓度时以分配作用为主。 相似文献
10.
制备了锆氧化物(ZrO_2)含量分别为2.98%、7.81%、13.73%和33.70%的4种锆镁改性膨润土,并考察了锆负载量对锆镁改性膨润土吸附水中磷酸盐的影响.结果表明,较高的吸附剂投加量有利于水中磷酸盐被锆镁改性膨润土所吸附去除.锆镁改性膨润土吸附水中磷酸盐的动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型.锆镁改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附等温行为可以采用Langmuir、Freundlich和Dubinin-Redushckevich (D-R)等温吸附模型进行描述.增加溶液pH值不会导致锆镁改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐吸附能力的下降.锆镁改性膨润土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随其锆含量的增加而增加.但是,从总体上,锆镁改性膨润土中单位质量ZrO_2对水中磷酸盐的最大吸附量则随其锆含量的增加而降低.研究结果说明,锆镁改性膨润土适合作为一种吸附剂去除水中的磷酸盐,较高的锆负载量有利于增强锆镁改性膨润土吸附水中磷酸盐的能力,而较低的锆负载量则有利于提高锆镁改性膨润土中单位质量ZrO_2对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力. 相似文献
11.
12.
Batch scale reactions were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of modified low-grade kaolin for the treatment of petroleum
contaminants. Low-grade kaolin, which has been unvalued as material in the mining process because of its low quality for commercial
products, was modified with HDTMA (hexadecyl-trimethylammonium), and its efficiency was compared with that of HDTMA-modified
bentonite, which is used as a secondary containment barrier for underground storage tanks. The sorption capacity and hydraulic
conductivity of both the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin were investigated and showed distribution coefficients
in the sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene ranging between 45.7 and 583.7 and 57.0 and 525.1, respectively.
The hydraulic conductivities were 2.53 × 10−8 and 5.62 × 10−8 cm/s for the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin, respectively. These results suggest that HDTMA-modified low-grade
kaolin could be used as a hydraulic barrier against advection migration of petroleum contaminants. Simulation of the one-dimensional
transport of benzene through a liner made of either one of the compounds was also performed. These results also showed that
HDTMA-modified kaolin more effectively retards the transport of benzene. 相似文献
13.
针对硝基苯污染底泥修复的活性覆盖技术,筛选了适合阻断底泥中硝基苯释放的还原剂和吸附剂.采用的零价铁可迅速将难生物降解的硝基苯还原为苯胺,提高其生物可降解性,有利于将污染物彻底去除.零价铁对硝基苯的还原反应速率随着零价铁剂量的提高而提高,反应速率常数≥>10.001 min~(-1).吸附试验结果表明,在煤渣、活性炭、焦炭以及硅藻土几种常见的吸附剂中,活性炭具有最佳的吸附能力,但是其价格昂贵,不适于大规模应用.而廉价易得的煤渣对硝基苯及其降解产物苯胺具有良好的吸附性能,对硝基苯和苯胺的最大理论吸附量达到924.9 mg·kg~(-1)和1692.2 mg·kg~(-1).因此提出以煤渣为吸附基质,并添加一定比例零价铁的复合活性覆盖材料,为硝基苯污染底泥修复提供一种新的方向和基本参数. 相似文献
14.
Runliang Zhu Lizhong Zhu Jianxi Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2007,1(1):79-82
The purpose of this work is to synthesize a new type of bentonite sorbent that can simultaneously remove both organic compounds and phosphate from water. Inorganic-organic bentonites (Al-CTMAB-Bent) were synthesized by modifying bentonites with both AlCl3 and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto Al-CTMAB-Bent was examined. Removal rates of phenanthrene and phosphate from water reached 96.3% and 90.2%, respectively, at their respective initial concentrations of 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L and the added amount of Al-CTMAB-Bent was 1.25 g/L. The residual turbidity of the Al-CTMAB-Bent suspension decreased 81.4% compared to that of organobentonite suspension after a 1 h settling time. Thus, inorganic-organic bentonite can be used to treat wastewater containing both organic pollutants and phosphate. 相似文献
15.
16.
M. Koroki S. Saito H. Hashimoto T. Yamada Masakazu Aoyama 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2010,8(1):59-61
We prepared a carbonaceous sorbent for Cr(VI) from the culm of Sasa
kurilensis by dehydration with concentrated H2SO4. The removal of Cr(VI) by the sorbent was highly solution pH dependent and mainly governed by physicochemical sorption. The
equilibrium data fit well in the Langmuir isotherm model and indicate the endothermic nature of the Cr(VI) sorption. The desorption
experiments suggest that the Cr(VI) sorption is generally irreversible, owing to strong interaction of HCrO4− with the active sites of the sorbent. 相似文献
17.
This study focused on the sorption isotherms of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) on different original clays (i.e., zeolite, montmorillonite and attapulgite) and organoclay complexes. Sorption of organic pollutants was determined using gas chromatographic (GC) techniques to investigate the sorption behavior, and characterize the effect of, different organic cations. The original clays only sorbed low amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE, and the sorptive curves can be classified as L-shaped. Organoclays exhibited higher amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption increased with increasing total organic carbon (OC) content of the organoclays. For hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA)-modified organoclays, the dominant adsorptive medium showed the partitioning sorption of hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction, indicating no competitive sorption. The sorptive curves can be classified as C-shaped of constant partition (CP). However, benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA)-modified organoclays exhibited competitive sorption. The sorption isotherm curves can be classified as S-shaped. The sorptive capacity of the HDTMA-modified organoclays for p,p'-DDT were higher than those for p,p'-DDE, but the BTMA-modified organoclays showed a reverse trend. This can be attributed to the different structures and shapes of organic cations, giving different sorptive mechanisms. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption onto HDTMA-modified organoclays were caused by chemical interaction, with the BTMA modified organoclays occuring due to physical sorption. 相似文献