共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 181 毫秒
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根据GB/T14848-93对地下水质,指标,监测和评价等标准,编制了FOXBASE语言计算机统计程序,该程序能快速统计地下水各项目的平均值,超标率,单项评价分值,综合评价分值及地下水质量级别。 相似文献
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黄河白银段水质灰色评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
叶鹏 《甘肃环境研究与监测》1995,8(4):11-14
环境质量评价是环境监测服务于环境管理的重要环节,合理的评价方法使评价结果得以更客观地反映其污染状况及变化规律,从而为环境管理提供必要的科学依据,本文把水环境看作是一个典型的灰色系统,将灰色系统理论应用于地面水环境质量评价,以求在实践中获得有益的尝试,通过灰色评价结果最终得出黄河白银段各断面的水质级别和影响水质的主要污染物。 相似文献
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石棉的危害及其环境管理 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
潘明琨 《甘肃环境研究与监测》1995,8(4):39-41
对石棉矿物的结构,用途及毒性,进入环境的途径和对环境造成的污染,石棉制品对人体的危害诸方面进行综述与探讨,介绍国外对石棉的管理法规和标准,石棉污染的防治对策。 相似文献
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大气环境质量的模糊多层次级别确定韩玉成,荷丽娟(黑龙江齐齐哈尔市环境科学研究所,161005)由于大气环境质量国标有一次浓度和日均浓度之分,加之大气监测布点和监测时间的时空特殊性,要真实地、全面地反映区域大气环.境质量的国标级别水平,用以往的评价方法... 相似文献
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环境质量评价中隶属函数白化函数概念的发展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从物理意义上探讨了在环境质量评价中应用的模糊数学的隶属函数,灰色系统的白化函数,指出这两种函数均无法体现级别区间内的变化特征。为了更为精细,准确地刻划某样本所属级别,文中对这两种函数进行了改进,并提出了与之配套的评价方法,发现该方法较其它评价方法更具适应性,可用于质量评价实际。 相似文献
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乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气质量变化趋势分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为了定量评价乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气污染近五年的治理成效,给环境治理决策提供科学依据,运用回归分析方法,对乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气质量的浓度、级别和变化规律进行回归分析。分析结果表明,PM10、SO2、NO2三项污染物的浓度都有所下降,空气质量级别的污染天数呈现明显的月变化规律。乌鲁木齐市采暖季空气的重污染状况有所遏制,但SO2污染凸现,在下一步的治理工作中,加强尘污染治理的同时要加大对SO2的治理力度。 相似文献
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广州市污染季节空气质量预报效果评估及误差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于广州市2016年第四季度空气质量实测及预报数据,对广州市污染季节空气质量预报效果进行了评估,结果表明,2016年第四季度广州市空气质量级别预报准确率83.7%、AQI范围预报准确率67.4%、首要污染物预报准确率67.2%、综合考核评分87.4分、相关系数0.78,预报效果总体良好,预报准确率在优良级别时相对较高,而在轻度污染以上级别时相对较低。预报误差分析表明,气象预报精细化程度不足、模式预报不确定性等客观因素,预报员缺乏对污染过程物理化学机制的深入理解等主观因素共同导致了预报的误差。 相似文献
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奎屯市城市污水的处理现阶段采用一级处理后接生物稳定塘的处理工艺是较为适宜的,但要注意做好污水及处理水的排放监测,加强排水管理,今后要逐步完善为规范的二级处理工艺。对污水处理要制定切实可行的水污染防治规划,不拘泥于现有的排水方案和污水处理厂选址,在污水厂下游建设规范的污水库作为处理水资源化利用的必要措施。我区多数城市水污染防治路线与奎屯市有着相似性,对各城市污水处理方式及利用途径可采用此方法进行深入细致的研究论证,为未来城市污水的有效处理及无害化、资源化利用打下基础。 相似文献
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Risk assessment and loading capacity of reclaimed wastewater to be reused for agricultural irrigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chiou RJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,142(1-3):255-262
The reuse of treated municipal wastewater should be one of the new water resource target areas. The suitability of the reuse of wastewater for agricultural irrigation has to consider health risk, soil contamination and the influence of the reclaimed water on crop growth. In this work the aim is to use quantitative risk analysis to assess the health effects related to reclaimed water quality and to calculate the loading capacity of reclaimed wastewater in terms of the heavy metal accumulation. The results of chemical risk assessment show there would be slightly significant health risk and what risk there is can be limited within an acceptable level. The following exposure pathway: reclaimed water-->surface water-->fish (shellfish)-->human, and arsenic risks are of more concern. In terms of reuse impact in soil contamination, the most possible heavy metal caused accumulation is arsenic. The irrigative quantity has to reach 13,300 m(3)/ha to cause arsenic accumulation. However, only 12,000 m(3)/ha is essential for rice paddy cropland. The high total nitrogen of reclaimed water from secondary treatment makes it unfavorable for crop growth. The recommended dilution ratio is 50% during the growth period and 25% during the maturity period. 相似文献
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Bushra Ahmed Al-Hammad Magda Magdy Abd El-Salam Sahar Yassin Ibrahim 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(11):7709-7718
This study is planned to perform a sanitary survey of the largest sewage treatment plant in Riyadh, KSA, fortnightly for 6 months to examine its effluent quality as an example for the growing dependence on reuse of treated municipal wastewater in agricultural irrigation purposes to cope with increasing water shortage. The biological and physico-chemical parameters of 12 wastewater samples from the plant were examined using standard methods. The physico-chemical analysis indicated that the surveyed municipal wastewater treatment plant contained some of the studied parameters, such as turbidity, total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and residual chlorine above the maximum permissible wastewater limits set by the Saudi Standards. However, heavy metal concentrations in all samples were lower than the recommended standards. Total and faecal coliform counts were above the permissible limits indicating poor sanitation level. Fifty percent of all wastewater samples were contaminated with faecal coliforms but, surprisingly, Escherichia coli were only detected in 8.3 % of the samples. Regular monitoring and enhancement of microbial and physico-chemical parameters of the wastewater quality served by different wastewater treatment plants for reuse in agricultural irrigation is recommended to preserve the environment and public health. 相似文献
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Environmental Modeling & Assessment - Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is classified as highly pollutant-containing wastewater that must be treated to an acceptable level before being discharged... 相似文献
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Reduction of dissolved organic matter in terms of DOC, UV-254, SUVA and THMFP in industrial estate wastewater treated by stabilization ponds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this research was to monitor the influent and effluent water quality of the aeration, facultative and oxidation
water treatment ponds of an industrial estate. This industrial estate, the largest in northern Thailand, has proposed to utilization
of reclaimed treated wastewater in their raw water supply so as to cope with the yearly water shortage during the dry season.
Water samples were collected four times from four sampling points and evaluated for their dissolved organic matter (DOM) content
in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ultraviolet light absorbance at 254 nm (UV-254), specific ultraviolet absorption
(SUVA), trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and trihalomethane (THM) species. Average values of DOC, UV-254, SUVA and
THMFP in the influent wastewater of 12.9 mg L−1, 0.165 cm−1, 1.29 L mg−1m−1 and 1.24 mg L−1, respectively, were observed. The aeration ponds produced the best results: a 54% reduction of DOC, a 33% reduction of UV-254,
and a 57% reduction of THMFP. However, SUVA in the aeration pond effluent showed a moderate increase. The facultative ponds
and oxidation ponds did not take part in the reduction of DOC, UV-254, SUVA and THMFP. Average DOC, UV-254, SUVA and THMFP
value of the treated wastewater were 5.8 mg L−1, 0.107 cm−1, 1.85 L mg−1m−1 and 468 μg L−1, respectively. Chloroform, at 72.6% of total THMFP, was found to be the predominant THM species. 相似文献
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We researched the behavior of pathogenic microbes in a treated wastewater reuse system to acquire knowledge for establishing
new standards for the reuse of treated wastewater. Based on the results that showed occasional growth of total coliforms but
barely any growth of Escherichia coli in the supply tank, we found that the total coliform, which includes bacteria that also breed in the soil, etc., is not necessarily
suitable as the index bacteria for indicating pollution by excrement. We also clarified that it is possible to decrease the
heterotrophic plate count to a specified level in cases where combined residual chlorine is more than 0.3 mg/l, and that the
standard value for residual chlorine should be set at 0.3 mg/l or more. At the same time, we found that applying sand filtration
treatment to water used for toilet flushing, sprinkling and landscaping, and sand filtration treatment plus coagulation treatment
to water for recreational use lowers the annual risk of infection by Cryptosporidium to less than 10−4. The standard for viruses must be examined in the future because Noroviruses were sometimes detected even in the reclaimed
water, although we could not establish the standard at this time due to problems with the virus detection method. 相似文献
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Using environmental analytical data to estimate levels of community consumption of illicit drugs and abused pharmaceuticals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A solid phase extraction (SPE) method has been developed and applied in conjunction with a previously reported liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) procedure for the determination of illicit drugs and abused pharmaceuticals in treated wastewater and surface water samples at the ng L(-1) level. A full method validation was also performed and determined levels of analytical sensitivity were found to lie in the 1-10 ng L(-1) range using river water as a test sample matrix and a sample size of 500 mL. The developed procedure was successfully applied for the determination of the chosen analytes in wastewater treatment plants in Dublin, Ireland and rapidly expanding commuter towns in the surrounding counties. Cocaine was detected in 70% of the collected samples in the range of 25-489 ng L(-1), its primary metabolite, benzoylecognine (BZE) was also detected in the range of 22-290 ng L(-1). Other substances detected included morphine, Tempazepam and the primary metabolite of methadone. 相似文献